Unit injini injector dizilo: chipangizo ndi mfundo ntchito

Amafuna kuti ntchito kwa injini ano dizilo ndi nkhani mphamvu, dzuwa ndi waubwenzi malo kukhala apamwamba. Kuti zinthu zimenezi, m'pofunika kuonetsetsa bwino kusakaniza mapangidwe. Kuti tichite zimenezi, Motors pa zili ndi makina amakono ndi kothandiza mafuta jekeseni. Iwo amatha osati kupereka zing'onozing'ono sprayed chifukwa kuthamanga apamwamba, komanso molondola zonse jekeseni nthawi ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta aperekedwe ku zonenepa ndi. Chotero dongosolo alipo ndipo likukwaniritsa mfundo onse okwera. Izi wagawo injector dizilo injini. Bwaloli limodzi jekeseni mchitidwe uliwonse yamphamvu mu injini. Mwatsatanetsatane umalamulidwa ndi amagetsi kulamulira unit.

malingaliro dizilo

Pa chilengedwe cha mfundo yomwe likhale logwirizana injector ndi mafuta mpope, ndinaganiza mlengi wa injini awa - Rudolf Dizilo.

Ichi chikanapha kuchoka mizere mafuta ndi mipope paipi, potero kukula kuthamanga vpryskovyh. Koma mu nthawi ya Dizilo kulibe mwayi ngati kuti alipo lero.

Kufotokozera za dongosolo

Unit injini injector dizilo - mafuta mpope ndi nozzle, amene amaphatikiza mfundo zofanana. Mofanana ndi mafuta jekeseni mpope ndi injectors, jekeseni pa maziko a zinthu izi akhoza kugwira ntchito zina. Kachitidwe amalenga kuthamanga okwanira amatenga gawo ena a kusakaniza mafuta panthawi zolondola. Pakuti aliyense chipinda kuyaka ndi mpope osiyana. Choncho wotheka kukumana injini, komwe kulibe paipi mafuta mizere, amene ali mayunitsi mphamvu ndi mpope.

mabuku a mbiri yakale

dongosolo jekeseni - sunayambe lero. Unit injini injector dizilo anali wokwera pa galimoto pa mapeto a 30s lapansi. Kwa nthawi yoyamba kamangidwe anayesedwa mu injini dizilo kwa njanji, m'madzi ndi ntchito katundu magalimoto. Zonsezi njira chinthu chimodzi chofanana - liwiro yaing'ono. Katundu wa Motors awa - chifukwa mpope osiyana aliyense yamphamvu ndi mizere yochepa kuthamanga amene athamanga kuti nozzle lapansi. zinthu Drive ndi tappets ndi buffers.

Standard ayamba madongosolo otero pa magalimoto kuyambira 1944. Pa wodutsa magalimoto - kuyambira 1988. Mu 1938, kampani "Detroit Dizilo" kenako a nkhawa "General Motors", woyamba wagawo ngati zimene ndi ntchito dizilo dongosolo mphamvu ndi injectors wagawo wakhala analenga. Ngakhale kuti chipangizo wakhala anayamba mu US, mtundu wa kapangidwe nawonso anayamba mu Soviet Union.

The injini woyamba YAZ-204 okonzeka ndi Jets amenewa mu 1947. Koma anali mfundo izi "Detroit Dizilo" chilolezo. Izi wagawo mphamvu, kenako kusinthidwa injini asanu yamphamvu zinalengedwa mpaka 1992.

Mu 1994, "Volvo" zinali kuonekera mwa akatswiri opanga ndi ntchito wagawo injini injector dizilo. kampani limapanga woyamba galimoto FH12 ndi Jets wa mtundu uwu. Ndiye, mfundo yomweyo zidzakuthandizani magalimoto awo "Scania" ndi "Iveco".

nthawi yoyamba dongosolo mwa magalimoto anayamba ntchito pa "Volkswagen". Pump-nozzle "Volkswagen" injini dizilo anaonekera mu 1998. Kumapeto kwa injini 90 dongosolo ili anatenga 20% ya msika magalimoto.

chipangizo

Motero, taona kuti ndi gulu injini injector dizilo. chipangizo zake losavuta kwambiri. The nyumba msonkhano mwachindunji nozzle wa unit yopereka ndi mphamvu unit. Ndiyamika mphamvu actuator wagawo injector lili ndi ubwino pa machitidwe chikhalidwe. Choncho nthawi zambiri yafupika ndi kuthamanga madzi mafuta kuyenda. Komanso, dzuwa hayidiroliki ndi kulemera kumawonjezera yafupika.

m'badwo wotsiriza nozzle okonzeka ndi mpope amapulumutsa kufinya mokwanira mkulu (mpaka 2500 kamodzi). Iwo yomweyo angayankhe malamulo kompyuta, yomwe Limasonkhanitsa ndi kusanthula mfundo panopa ku masensa kunja. Pazimene awa ndi anatsimikiza chofunika kuchuluka kwa osakaniza ndi jekeseni nthawi. Izi zimathandiza kupeza mfundo akadakwanitsira mphamvu pa kuperekedwa zinthu opaleshoni. Komanso, zigawo kupulumutsa dizilo kuti minimizes mpweya zoipa m'mlengalenga ndi kuchepetsa phokoso la injini ntchito. Ndipo potsiriza, chipangizo ndi yaying'ono kwambiri ndipo akhoza adzaikidwa mu mutu yamphamvu. Palinso akhoza kukhazikitsa zigawo zina ndi misonkhano.

nozzle lakonzedwa kuti kupereka kupatsidwa ulemu yabwino kwambiri. Pakuti gawo zaperekedwa akatswiri - kuyambirira, pulayimale ndi sekondale jekeseni. Kuyambirira amapereka kuyaka yosalala pamene gawo lalikulu, pamene anapereka maphunziro apamwamba ntchito osakaniza modes osiyana ntchito engine. njira zina wofunikila kusinthika mu za DPF.

Mfundo ntchito injectors mawotchi

Mpope-injector olimbana dizilo waikidwa mwachindunji mu mutu yamphamvu. Camshaft ali anayi kamera wapadera. Iwo amatumikira kwa hule actuator nozzles. Ndi rocker mphamvu dzanja imafalikira kuti unit injector ndi plungers lapansi.

Kuyendetsa kamera ali ndi mbiri yeniyeni yomwe imapereka lakuthwa nyamuka oposa ndipo pang'onopang'ono kutsitsa rocker. Pamene yotsirizira lituluka, plunger ndi wotsendereka msanga. Izi amakwaniritsa kufinya ankafuna. Pa pang'onopang'ono kutsitsa wa rocker downwards, ndi plunger ukupita mmwamba. Ndi mafuta akulowa m'chipinda ndi kuthamanga popanda mpweya thovu.

Jekeseni ndondomeko yokha chikuchitika pamene voteji ulamuliro umaperekedwa kwa ECU kuti valavu solenoid.

gawo jekeseni

Tikatha kupenda mwatsatanetsatane mfundo za ntchito wagawo injini injector dizilo. Pamene mchikakamizo cha rocker pisitoni ukusunthira pansi, osakaniza kuyaka umayenda kupyolera mu njira mu nozzle lapansi. Pamene vavu atseka, otaya injini dizilo kudulidwa. Anzanu zinayamba kuwuka. Akafika mlingo wa 13 MPa, ndi kutsitsi singano Adzagonjetsa mphamvu masika. Izi adzayamba gawo chisanadze jekeseni.

Mwamsanga pamene vavu zimayamba kumasuka, gawo kuyambirira umatha, ndi osakaniza nkhunizo anauza chakudya mzere. Anzanu iyamba kugwera. Malinga akafuna ntchito injini, akhoza anachita imodzi kapena ziwiri kuyambirira gawo.

Pamene plunger ukusunthira pansi, chachikulu jekeseni mkombero akuyamba. vavu atseka kachiwiri, mafuta kuthamanga ukuwonjezeka kachiwiri. Akafike mlingo wa 30 MPa, utsi singano ndi chililaka auka kuthamanga mphamvu, potero kudzipheralo ndondomeko jekeseni. The apamwamba a magazi lituluka, mafuta zowonjezera wothinikizidwa. Kuchuluka kwa dizilo ndi mpweya angalowe ukuwonjezeka yamphamvu.

Zolemba malire chakudya (monga kumachitika pamene galimoto ya ikugwira ntchito mu pachimake mphamvu mode) amachitidwa pa mavuto 220 MPa. Gawo anamaliza waukulu jekeseni vavu kutsegula. Kuthamanga madontho, singano yatsekedwa.

Zina gawo jekeseni imagwiridwa pamene plunger amasuntha zina downwards. Mfundo ntchito chipangizo panthawi imeneyi n'chimodzimodzi ndi jekeseni chachikulu. The aligorivimu ambiri ali anaphedwa kaŵiri.

Ngati tiyang'ana pa chipangizo wagawo injini injector TDI dizilo, akhoza okonzeka ndi kachipangizo kuti oyang'anira kuwuka singano. Udindo wa singano n'kofunika unit kulamulira, kumene mapampu mafuta amagwiritsidwa ankalamulira pakompyuta.

ubwino

Ngakhale "Common Sitima Yapamtunda" akuphatikizapo accumulator jekeseni mpope injector amadyetsa mafuta osakaniza pa kuthamanga apamwamba chifukwa chosowa mizere italiitali.

Kawirikawiri kungawonongedwe njira ya opaleshoni ya galimoto. Izi kugwirizana ofooka m'magulu chakale mphamvu. Pump-nozzle amalola chakudya kwa kuyaka chipinda mafuta. Mu sputtering izi ndi zothandiza. Motors okonzeka mayunitsi amenewa, muli mphamvu zambiri.

Komanso, ndi jekeseni injini sakhala phokoso kuposa anzawo. Koma ndi "Common Sitima Yapamtunda" kapena mpope injector mpope adzakhala yaying'ono.

zolakwa

Koma palinso zabwino. The aakulu kwambiri drawback - mkulu zofuna khalidwe la mafuta. The kutsekeka pang'ono, dongosolo wasiya ntchito yake. opanda wina - ndi mtengo.

Akukonza izi wagawo enieni ndi zinthu fakitale kuli kovuta. Koma sangathe wina - pa zotsatira kuthamanga misonkhano sachedwa kutha chodzala zitsulo mu chipika engine.

Kodi kukhalabe unit injector?

Monga mukuonera, zigawo zikuluzikulu zimenezi ndi wovuta kwambiri khalidwe la injini dizilo, ndipo m'dziko lathu ndi mu CIS kutali mkulu. Kuti alibe nthawi zambiri kusintha zinthu mtengo, Ndi bwino kumasinthasintha mafuta, mpweya ndi Zosefera ena onse kuti tipeze consumables pachiyambi.

About washings

eni Car zambiri chidwi mmene kuyeretsa mpope-injector kwa injini dizilo. Akatswiri musati amalangiza kusamba - si zabwino Jets iliyonse. Bwino m'malo Zosefera ndi imafunika kuthiridwa mafuta pa gasi kuyesedwa.

Ankatenthetsa pa choikapo ndi abwino, ngati pali osauka khalidwe kutsitsi - wosakhazikika kusakhala ndi chochita ndi mavuto ofanana. Osambitsidwa akupanga kusamba analola singano wathunthu Anapitirizabe. Ngati nozzle kuthira, panali kanthu kuthandiza. Osamba, mungagwiritse ntchito otchuka tsopano amatanthauza "n'kukhutira" ndi "VINS".

Ambiri, ngati nozzle sizikuyenda, ndi bwino kuchita Moti ndi kuchita m'malo a zinthu zina kunja kwa dongosolo. Ankatenthetsa amathandiza ngati wagawo mwanjira iliyonse, koma ntchito.

Pomaliza

Kotero, ife tinapeza chimene unit injector dizilo injini nanga matabwa ake. элемент системы питания дизельных ДВС. Monga mukuonera, ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa dizilo mkati kuyaka injini dongosolo mafuta. Iwo ali zambiri zamakono kapangidwe Komabe, wovuta kwambiri khalidwe mafuta.