Uthengawo ndi chiyani? kusanthula zambiri

Nkhaniyi limafotokozera chimene uthengawo za zinachitika wa wanthambo ano ndi udindo panopa kulankhulana kotereku.

The Kale

panali kufunika kugwirizana njira ndi deta kudya kutengerapo kuyambira pachiyambi pa anthu. Poyamba chinkhoswe mu kukwera ichi kapena amithenga hatchi, koma njira yoperekera malipoti wakhala wochedwa, ndipo mwa mawu a asilikali kanthu mpulumutsi sitingakhale kupha. Komanso, ngakhale ntchito ku positi ofesi, amene anaonekera mu Ages Middle sakanatha kukwaniritsa zofuna zonse za anthu aya, ndi m'mbiri yonse ya woyamba adafunafuna njira kudya ndi odalirika kulankhulana akumidzi. Ndipo funso, kodi uthengawo kuyamba ndi kutchula momwe kukhala njira imeneyi.

Mwina yoyamba tinganene kuti chizindikiro utsi ndi moto, ofanana ndi njira ntchito mafuko African. Komanso, pali umboni wa ntchito mu Roma. Koma momwe zakhala wosadalirika kwambiri, woyenera zizindikiro monosyllabic ndi zambiri kudalira nyengo kapena nthawi ya tsiku, ndipo pang'onopang'ono m'malo helio - chizindikiro kudyetsa kalirole njira anasonyeza dzuwa. Iye mwamphamvu amadalira nyengo, ndi mtunda zinali zochepa zone ya aone mwachindunji.

Optics

Mu 1792, woyamba kuwala wanthambo maukonde analengedwa mu France. njira inachokera pa Kutengera wa chizindikiro kuwala nyali ndi nyali - semaphores. Komabe, ambiri anayala ntchito zamalonda ndi sanapezeke, monga izo zinali okwera mtengo komanso ambiri okwerera kuwala wapakatikati.

magetsi

Kuyesa polenga wanthambo magetsi nayamba pa chiyambi cha m'ma XIX, ndi asayansi ambiri akhala akusunga. Komabe, woyamba Maluso chipangizo ndipo anabweretsa pafupifupi angwiro, anali American Samuel Morse mu 1840. Iwo akhala mwakuchita Morse code, aliyense kalata limafanana ya madontho ndi dashes. Kapangidwe ka galimoto yake bwino kwambiri moti izo sichinasinthe zaka zambiri. Posakhalitsa, anthu m'maiko onse a Dziko Lapansi kusinthitsa matelegalamu. Nanga uthengawo?

tanthauzo

Uthengawo - uthenga kuti amatumizidwa ndi zida wanthambo ntchito mawonekedwe pakompyuta kulankhulana ndi waya. Tiyeni tione ndondomeko izi mwatsatanetsatane. Akuti malingana ndi nthawi kapena zida kutengerapo njira angakhale osiyana pang'ono, koma tanthauzo anali yofanana.

Choyamba wanthambo utumiki woyendetsa kuti alembe mawu kapena anapereka alendo pofuna kutumiza uthenga monga mtundu uthengawo, amene anadzaza yekha, mwatchutchutchu kopita. Ndiye, mwa Morse code, ikuchitika kufala kwa mudziwe kuti siteshoni komaliza kapena wapakatikati kumene makina basi zipsera pepala tepi TACHIMATA ndi madontho ndi dashes. Pambuyo pake, kulandira wantchito kumasulira mu makalata alipidwa ndi uthengawo mthenga kwa addressee lapansi. Kotero tsopano ife tikudziwa chomwe uthengawo.

udindo Current

Kuposa zaka theka, kuyambira ndi kufalitsa kwa omangidwa ndi ntchito wanthambo, iwo anali njira yokha kulankhulana, zomwe yobereka pafupifupi nthawi ya mauthenga. Patapita kanthawi, ndi chitukuko cha telefoni, kuti zasintha koma ankagwiritsa ntchito mtundu ngati a kalata monga uthengawo a. "Mail la Russia", ndi njira, ndi mmodzi mwa anthu ochepa pamene kuthekera kutumiza matelegalamu akadali zimasungika.

Kuyambira mu 90s mochedwa Mu zaka zapitazo, ndi chitukuko cha telephony mafoni ndi Intaneti, misonkhano waya ntchito kuchepa otchuka. Ngakhale kuti iwo analola kuyambira 1891 kutumiza uthenga nthawi yomweyo kulikonse mu dziko, izo zikhoza kuchitidwa ndi wakhala akugwiritsa ntchito foni zonse kapena imelo. Komanso, postman ukadali zofunika nthawi yobereka matelegalamu anatumiza.

The Netherlands, India, Denmark - m'dziko panopa kwathunthu anasiya njira zolankhulirana monga uthengawo a. "Mail la Russia", pamodzi ndi Germany, Sweden, Japan ndi Belgium akadali kupereka mphamvu kutumiza mauthenga a mtunduwu. Komabe, ambiri a maukonde dziko zake wanthambo kale ankaiphwasula, ndipo mauthenga kudzera mwa umisiri wamakono yadigito.

Impact pa Society

Ngati ntchito iliyonse gulu la sayansi, telegalamu anali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa anthu. Ndi chisindikizo cha zingwe transatlantic kunakhala kotheka kulankhulana ndi m'maiko monse populata a dziko. atolankhani Telegraph ntchito kuti akhoza kupatsira nkhani ndi kufotokoza zochitika kuchokera kulikonse dziko, amalonda chofunika ndi anthu wamba. Iye anali ndi udindo waukulu ndi pa khalidwe la nkhondo, pamene iwo anali asanayambe anatulukira wailesi, ndi njira yokha kulankhulana ndi uthengawo. Russia ndi imodzi mwa maiko komabe amakhala kutumiza awo ndi HIV.