Viaduct - mlatho wa kapangidwe wapadera

Monga kale omveka bwino a mutu wa nkhani, ndi viaduct - yomanga mlatho. Yodziwika ndi ntchito yotero ku mitundu ina mlatho ziwembu nsanja lalikulu ndi kutalika lalikulu. Nthawi zambiri, akatswiri a akamufunsirire kumanga maofesi amenewa mu mfundo mphambano m'madambo, zigwa za mitsinje, m'zigwa ndi zigwembe. Zikatero, ngati dera si bwino kuti pomanga embankments mkulu, n'zotheka ndithu yomanga viaduct, kumene ndi kayendedwe ka kuthetsa mavuto pa nkhani imeneyi, kuwonjezera ndi wogwira njira kwa mfundo chuma view.

Viaduct: makhalidwe chosiyana

Kwenikweni viaduct - ndi Latin kuti "njira» (kudzera) ndi "ndikukhala» (duco). M'mawu ena, izi ndi mlatho wapadera akutsogolera kudzera chinachake (zomwe gulu kudzera chinachake) ndikukhala ndi thandizo kwambiri. Komabe, ngati mlatho ndi kumanga yokumba womwe wachita kudutsa nyanja, mtsinje kapena madzi ena cholepheretsa, pa viaduct - mamangidwe omwe limachokera kudzera gorge, ndi kulumphira kapena chigwa. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, iyi ndi chilengedwe cha ichi isiyana njanji, amene ndi kuwoloka pa msewu waukulu, mayendedwe sitima, etc. D. Kuchokera trestle ndi madanga chomwecho, viaduct yodziwika ndi kusiyana kwawo. The chikhato waukulu zambiri imagwera pa gawo apamwamba mlatho lonse. Komanso, potsegula nsanja makamaka inamangidwa ndi lathyathyathya pamwamba. Viaduct - kotheratu wolungamitsidwa muyeso wa zomangamanga, pamene nthaka chifukwa cha kufooka kwake salola kuti ntchito ngati mlatho dongosolo zina. Ngati ndi kotheka, kamangidwe kake walola kuti pang'onopang'ono kuonjezera kutalika kwa chimakwirira. Iwo akhoza anamanga mwala, konkire, analimbitsa simenti, zitsulo. Monga ulamuliro, ndi viaduct - ndi ambiri Mipikisano utali arched osati matabwa a dongosolo la. Mbiri ya Yerobowamu Wachiwiri mamangidwe amabwerera nthawi wakale wa ulemelero wa Ufumu wa Roma.

Wotchuka kwambiri mu dziko

viaducts Awa ndi wotchuka kwambiri mu dziko:

• Kaluga mwala mlatho.
• Mokrinskiy sitima, yomwe ili Republic Chuvash.
• Göltzsch Viaduct - yaitali nyumba njerwa wa mtundu uwu mu dziko.
• Scottish viaduct, yomwe ili pafupi ndi mudzi wa Glenfinnan.
• Viaduct pa mtsinje Syduhe (lumen wa yaitali magalimoto mlatho wa dziko si zosakwana 0,472 km).
• Millau Viaduct (thandizo ake apamwamba ndi 0.341 km).

Werengani zambiri za atsopano

Millau Viaduct - ndi kumanga mlatho yomanga cabling dongosolo, umene umadutsa chigwa cha Tarn mtsinje pafupi Millau kum'mwera France ili mu dipatimenti ya Averonskom. Iye ndi gawo lotsiriza la msewu A75, amene amathandiza mkulu-liwiro kayendedwe ka likulu (Paris) kumzinda Beziers. Olemba ikugwiridwira - awiri asayansi otchuka m'munda wa zomangamanga ndi zomangamanga: Virlozho Michel ndi Norman oterewa. Anamanga dongosolo lawo chachikulu mitanda mpaka kunsi kwa chigwa cha mtsinje Tarn, chimamanga diresi yofiira ndi Larzac yachonde ndipo apatsira Grand Plateau wozungulira (National Park) pa mbali mkati.

Dziwani zambiri za njira

Bridge ndi zitsulo Milhaud roadbed ongokhala 8 utali. thandizo ake amapereka yofanana mizati zitsulo. Kulemera kwa panjira ya - matani 36 chikwi. m'lifupi ndi 32 m, ndi kuya - .. 4.2 mamita viaduct Milhaud Full kutalika ndi 2460 m, aliyense wa utali chapakati (6 zidutswa) ali kutalika 342 m, ndi awiri otsalawo kwambiri -. 204 mamita pa viaduct imene chithunzi chidwi, monga kale otchulidwa - ndi mmodzi wa anthu otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse. pa izo gululi linayamba mu December 2004. Zikuoneka kuti sipafinikanso kufotokoza kusiyana pakati pa viaduct mlatho mu nkhani imeneyi.

lero Viaduct

M'mbuyomu, mlatho ndi kapangidwe ka viaduct chi, anamanga kwathunthu miyala ikuluikulu, omwe amapita yaitali Buku scabbling. Chilengedwe cha ntchito imeneyi anathera wambirimbiri ntchito yamanja ndi nthawi. Anayang'ana maofesi amenewa bulky ndi katundu, anali ngati yodalirika kwambiri. Chifukwa chakuti lingaliro mapulani kwambiri mlatho anali kwambiri kufunika mwa anthu, mu chitukuko cha chitukuko ndi moyenera, luso ndi kupanga zomangira ndi kumanga palokha, ndipo anayamba lingaliro la yomanga nyumba zimenezi. Ntchito zitsulo kumanga milatho konkire ndi konkire kumabweretsa iwo (kusunga Chipilala ndi mtengo kapangidwe) zinthu zochepa. kachitidwe chifukwa truss, lero viaducts captivate ndingaliro maliseche ziwembu zosiyana zithunzi weightlessness ndi openwork chotero kupirira katundu zosaneneka.

ndi viaduct Kodi

Aliyense kuganizira za funso ili, amazindikira kuti mlatho - umenewu ndi umboni wa luso anthu kugonjetsa zachilengedwe, kuti zikhale ake. Ndi kupyolera mu mphamvu ya maganizo ake munthuyo kukachititsa njira yabwino ndi amphamvu ndi kutalika wabwino, kumene ngakhale ndi mfundo za miyala ya view Zingaoneke, kumanga nyumbayo palibe njira. Izi kapangidwe - mbali yofunika ya zaka za, zikusonyeza chitukuko cha mafakitale mafakitale ndi kumanga nthawi yathu. Aliyense viaduct - okongola zidzasintha ndi dongosolo mphamvu chipatso cha ndinaganiza akatswiri wanzeru ndi luso mapulani.