The Red Book m'dera Saratov: mndandanda wa mitundu ya nyama ndi zomera

Saratov Region anatchuka chifukwa chikhalidwe chake wolemera: nkhokwe nkhalango zachilengedwe, nyama zosangalatsa, ndipo mbalame, ambiri, pali chinachake kuwona. Kuli mitundu imene sangapezekenso ndinawona mu zigawo zina za dziko lathu lalikulu.

The Red Book wa dera Saratov

Chifukwa malo Hrs pa mphambano ya Europe ndi Asia, nyengo, nthaka ndi zinthu mpumulo converge pano mabacteria atatu malo: steppe, steppe ndi theka chipululu. Choncho, chikhalidwe cha dera Saratov mokwanira chosiyana. Pa Bank Kumanja ndi kumpoto nkhokwe nkhalango ndi choko mapiri Hvalynschiny ndi Wolska kudutsa kum'mwera kwa zone nkhalango-steppe, lamanzere gombe la Volga ndi udzu wosanganiza, nthenga udzu, fescue-chowawa steppes, theka chipululu pafupi ndi Kazakhstan.

Mu dera lirilonse la Russia sanamuona ZOTERE. Wapadera malo zinachititsa kuti m'maganizo ndi kukoma kwa nyama ndi zomera m'dera Saratov: kuposa 1500 mitundu ya zomera, 250 mitundu ya mbalame, 70 - nyama ... Ndipo ichi si mndandanda. Mwatsoka, chifukwa cha chitukuko cha m'mayiko steppe wa zinthu zina anthu bwino zachilengedwe akawinduka, ndipo oimira kwambiri a nyama ndi zomera zimasungika makamaka malo mwakhama kufika: lakuti, mu floodplains ndi mitsinje, malo otetezedwa Khvalynsk ndi Chopra, nkhalango kumysnyh Polyana. Pakali pano, kokha mndandanda wa mitundu osowa kapena pafupifupi zinatha wa nyama ndi zomera za dera anapanga 541 maonekedwe.

Buku Red

Kwa nthawi yoyamba kufunika kusunga zosiyanasiyana wapadera wa nyama ndi zomera za dera analankhula mu 90s Mu zaka zapitazo kale. Mu 1996 anapita woyamba Red Book wa dera Saratov, kumene iwo anali kuperekedwa chitukuko mwatsatanetsatane za mitundu osowa kapena pafupifupi zinatha wa zomera, nyama ndi mbalame. Patapita zaka khumi izo kachiwiri anamasulidwa ndipo boma dera ovomerezeka mndandanda wa mitundu ya nyama ndi zomera kutchulidwa Red Book ndi kumatanthauza chilango kuwonongeka chifukwa cha zinthu izi. Anawatengera ku kusaka miyeso kasamalidwe zonse m'dera: chatsekedwa kufuna mbawala, njanjira pa mbawala yamphongo, roe gwape.

Makamaka, pali ankaimira nyama Saratov dera, kutchulidwa Red Book (235 mitundu), zomera (286 mitundu). Buku ndi kochulukira zithunzi, zikusonyeza mapu kufalitsidwa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu kawirikawiri ndi pangozi, mafotokozedwe awo, ayamikira chitetezo.

dziko nyama

Panopa, pali chosowa cha reissue wina. The Red Book wa dera Saratov mu kope latsopano chifukwa mu 2016. Izo ndi malangizo a zaka zaposachedwapa ali pangozi ya mofulumira amphumphu kunatsala pang'ono ndi mitundu yosowa ya nyama ndi zomera pano m'deralo ndi osowa chitetezo chapadera. Nyama ya Red Book wa dera Saratov anapereka mitundu iwiri dazeni osowa nyama, 32 mitundu ya mbalame.

The ankatetezedwa ayenera 7 mitundu ya nyama zokwawa ndi mitundu 4 anthu a m'mayiko ndi madzi. Pakati pa mitundu chidwi kwambiri zapoizoni Tingaone osiyanasiyana buluzi. Nthawi zambiri amakhala m'madera landscaped wa steppes ndi theka-zipululu, makamaka kumanzere m'mbali mwa mtsinje wa Volga, makamaka m'dera la Marx. Nthawi zina akuluakulu a mitundu angapezeke m'nkhalangomo ndipo ngakhale okwera. Iye amakhala mu kamakumba una osaya amene digs yokha, kapena amagwiritsa mink achule, makoswe ndi ngakhale kukhazikika mu ming'alu ndi mphako ya nthaka. The chakudya - tizilombo yaing'ono: ntchentche, akangaude, nyerere, mbozi. Kusaka m'mawa ndi masana. Chimakhala chiyambi mazira kukula lalikulu - kuchokera 1 mpaka chimodzi ndi theka masentimita.

Security ndi ulamuliro

Nyama ya Red Book wa dera Saratov ndi amatetezedwa ndi ulamuliro wa boma dera. Pakuti zinawonongedwa ndi kupeza chiwonongeko oletsedwa ndi wotsatira, komanso kuwonongedwa kwa kapena kuwonongeka kwa malo awo, mitsuko anakhazikitsa zakuthupi ndi udindo wa utsogoleri.

The Red Book wa dera Saratov ndi yaikulu mndandanda wa nyama pa dera la Saratov. Awa ndi mitundu zotsatirazi: Akukuwa muskrat, marmot amakhala steppes, noctule Akumenya chifukwa cha kukula kwake chiphona. kumuwombera mbalame ndi mwala curlew, kumbuyo mphungu, chidwi Saker, kukuwa bustard, tyuvik, Crane (ndi belladonna), njoka mphungu, tsekwe Red-, sociable Lapwing, spoonbill, crested vuwo, woyera-tailed nyanja mphungu, komanso ambiri pafupifupi anakumana mitundu tsiku ndi subspecies .

Mu chiwerengero ndi mkulu wa mitundu chosowa cha mbalame kumuwombera, pafupifupi zinatha bustard, bustard pang'ono sapezeka, aiwala njoka mphungu ndi ena ambiri.

mbalame

Mu "Red Book wa dera Saratov. Mbalame "ndi chidwi wochepa-billed gull. Nthawi kusokonezedwa ndi Black mutu Gull, koma mosiyana ndi mutu wake ochekenera zolembera mu woyera wake, palibe wakuda, ngati mbalameyi a. kukongola Special izo amatipatsa khosi pinkish, mchira ndi thupi m'munsi, ndi mitundu ndi zina pa nthawi ya chilimwe. Kumbuyo ndi mapiko ndi imvi, wakuda ndi oyera mikwingwirima pa mchira ndipo nsonga nthenga zakuda, komanso wokongola wofiira mulomo ndi miyendo wathunthu chovala kaso nkhunda. Mbalame opondapo - kutalika kwa 39 masentimita kwa theka mita, wingspan za mita. Iwo Tingaone kumanzere banki mu miyezi ya chilimwe.

Golden mphungu - mbalame yoopsa

mbalame zina m'gulu la Red Book wa dera Saratov - lagolide mphungu. Izi ndi wokongola yoopsa woimira mbalame, kutalika kwa zikhadabo zake ndi masentimita 7 kokha, miyendo nthenga ndi zikhadabu lapansi. Iwo akulemera ku makilogalamu atatu mpaka asanu ndi awiri, kutalika thupi la za wina mita. Chifukwa wakuda ndi Sheen golide pa mutu ndi khosi mtundu unali wapachiyambi mutu, mu English mawu zikumveka ngati "Golden Eagle". Kids mphungu woyera. Ali ndi maso mpenya waona nyama pa mtunda wa makilomita 4. The ndege liwiro mu madzi kwambiri kuposa 100 Km / h.
malo okhala - nkhalango, mapiri alili. Opezeka Khvalynsk malo. Iwo kutetezedwa. Nudye abakha, woodchucks, herons ndipo ngakhale Crane ndi njoka. ankakwiya, mwina kuukira ngakhale nswala, agwape roe. Mabanja amakonda kukhala okhulupirika kwa wina ndi mzake mpakana tsiku lomaliza. Zisa awiriawiri angapo, anapiye zimaswa kwa masiku 45, kenako pafupi miyezi iwiri, kuwadyetsa iwo.

zomera

Onani "The Red Book wa dera Saratov. Chipinda "komanso yaikulu ndi chidwi chokwanira. Choncho, buku lachiwiri zikuphatikizapo zomera, 286 amene 1 - ndere m'banja, 14 mhoobraznyh 3 lycopodium, pteridophytes 10, gymnosperms ndi mtundu 2 256 - angiosperms ndi subspecies 20 bowa. Tree ndi chitsamba chilichonse mitundu monga birch woyera, tsache Austria, Cotoneaster Aronia. Kuliganizira ndi mankhwala a Red Book: wa Volga adonis, Angelica, ankaona mankhwala, hemlock poizoni. chiwerengero cha osowa zikuphatikizapo yokongola mitundu: kumpoto ogwetsana, mitundu 11 astragalus, cornflowers (naschityvetsya awo zinayi subtypes osiyana), ndi zonse maluwa dera, chilombo anazindikira, Dactylorhiza ndi wapadera steppe zomera - khola udzu.

The Red Book wa dera Saratov kutiuza za mitundu zina za Mumapezekanso: dona-fern, Botrychium Lunaria ndi ena. Mulinso ndi udzu wa kuthengo: Chii wanzeru Zmeevka splayed.

M'dera la mwapadera

chidwi linaperekedwa kwa dera Saratov za chitetezo cha ya mbalame monga kukuwa bustard, tyuvik, Crane (ndi belladonna), komanso iwo amene akhala pa maadiresi pang'ono kale. The Red Book wa dera Saratov zikuphatikizapo mitundu 14 Mbalame zodya nyama, kuphatikizapo mphungu, muimba, griffon muimba, kabawi ndi ena ambiri. Kufunika kwa buku la Red Book ndi lalikulu kwambiri.

Nyama ya m'dera Saratov, m'gulu pangozi pansi pa ulamuliro wa boma Regional, amene anapanga maziko a zinthu zonse mwamakono zachilengedwe m'derali.