Vincenzo Bellini, Chitaliyana Wolemba: yonena, zilandiridwenso

Vincenzo Bellini - ndi wanzeru continuer wa Beli mwambo canto za zisudzo - ankakhala yochepa koma bwino kwambiri moyo. Iye anasiya ntchito 11 kwambiri, kumenya nyimbo zake ndi mogwirizana. "Norma" zikuluzikulu, analemba pa zaka 30, tsopano akulowa pamwamba 10 otchuka ntchito zachikhalidwe.

ubwana

Bellini banja la mibadwo ingapo wakhala kugwirizana ndi nyimbo. Agogo a tsogolo la dziko wotchuka wolemba za zisudzo, Vincenzo Tobio, anali wolemba nyimbo ndi limba, bambo Rosario a - mtsogoleri ndi wolemba m'tchalitchi, anapereka kuimba m'mabanja achifumu wa Sicilian Catania. Vincenzo Bellini anabadwa pa November 3, 1801. Kale ali wamng'ono anayamba kuonetsa luso loimba. Banjali linali alibe olemera, koma apa anali kulamuliridwa ndi chikondi ndi zilandiridwenso.

zaka kuphunzira

Kale ndi zaka zisanu Vincenzo Bellini anayamba kuphunzira kuimba limba, wakeyo anali agogo anga. Pa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri mnyamata analemba ntchito yake - nyimbo Tantum ergo. Koma kuupereka kwa sukulu nyimbo sikunali kotheka Choncho, zaka 14, anapitiriza ntchito ndi agogo ake. Ndi m'badwo uno, Vincenzo anali kale wotchuka m'deralo.

Chilango anakhala chidwi Eleonora Duchess Sammartino, amene anaonetsetsa kuti mnyamatayo anapatsidwa maphunziro ku Naples Conservatory, ndipo mu June 1819 mnyamata wina anavomereza kwa chaka choyamba. Patatha chaka chimodzi, anali anapambana mayeso wapakatikati, amene amasankha amene adzapitiriza maphunziro awo, ndipo amene - palibe. Vincenzo ali osati atasiyidwa bungwe maphunziro, komanso kunditumiza ku maphunziro aulere, ndipo zimenezi zinamuthandiza kuti amasule ndalama kwa mzinda, kuthandiza banja lake ndi kuphunzira zikomo kwambiri luntha lake.

The Bellini Conservatory kuphunzira ndi Dzingarelli kwambiri mphunzitsi amene anali okhwima kwambiri ndi anyamata ndi nthawi anamulangiza kuthana ndi nyimbo ya. M'zaka za maphunziro ake, anapanga wophunzira kulemba maphunziro 400 khutu. Mu inali ndi Bellini akukumana tsogolo labwino mnzake ndi tsogolo wolemba mbiri Mercadante - Florimo. Zaka kuphunzira nawo ndi chikoka chachikulu pa mnyamatayo, ndiye anapanga kalembedwe wake wapachiyambi nyimbo. Mu 1824, mnyamata kachiwiri kwakukuru waima mayeso lotsatira. Mphoto imeneyi sanali kokha kusintha zinthu amoyo, komanso mwayi wopita ku sewero la kawiri pa mlungu.

Pophunzira wake anamva koyamba za sewero la Italy, amene anapanga chidwi pa iye. Atakamba "Semiramide" ndi Rossini iye mwachidule anataya chikhulupiriro mwa luso lawo, koma posakhalitsa zinamera ndi anatenga ntchito ya kuloŵedwa kwambiri ngati zovuta. Iye anayamba kugwira ntchito pa za zisudzo wake woyamba, "Adelson ndi Salvini" mu French Arnaud buku. Mu 1825 izo ankachitika ndi ophunzira ndipo anali ndithu bwino kwambiri. Ndinamva za zisudzo uyu wa Donizetti ndipo anapanga mankhwala wolemba ake kwambiri. Kuphunzira chomaliza cha inali Bellini rents, monga mwa nthawi zonse, zabwino ndi monga mphoto afika kulemba opera kwa mgwirizanowo zisudzo.

choyamba

Atakhoza mayeso omaliza, Bellini alandira chilolezo kuphunzitsa, ndi mphoto iye kuti alembe opera kwa Royal Theatre. Iye anapatsidwa ufulu wosankha ndipo anasiya pa lemba la wolemba wamng'ono Domenico Gilardoni "Carlo, Duke wa Agrigento" omwe adalenga libretto "Bianca ndi Dzhernando". Chitaliyana sewero la pa nthawiyo anali choonetsedwa kwambiri yapamwamba pa kuyamba za dziko lonse. Pamsonkhanowo panali wovuta kwambiri, ndipo zinali zovuta kusangalatsa, koma kuyamba la sewero la Bellini anali moni kwabasi. mu zisudzo "San Carlo", ndi kuyamba a pa sewero lake May 30, 1826, ndipo ngakhale mfumu, mosiyana ndi miyambo, iye anayimirira ndi n'kuwomba kuti wolemba. Dzingarelli anadzazidwa ndi kunyada wophunzira wake ndipo ananeneratu m'tsogolo lalikulu.

"Pirate"

Bwino wolemba wamng'ono watipatsa kuti latsopano. Mkulu wa muholo Royal amapereka Vincenzo kulemba opera kwa Milan "La Scala". Ankalemba nyimbo amakhala ndi Bellini kokha kupeza ndalama, iye amakhala mu Milan ndipo akugwira ntchito pa sewero watsopano, amene akuyembekezera omvera. Ntchitoyi ife anayamba tandem Wolemba ndi librettist Felice Romani, chimene chinafika mpaka mapeto a njira kulenga woimba. The "Mzembela" anawonetsedwa kalembedwe wapadera Vincenzo Bellini, Arias ake ndi vocalize melodic kwambiri, ndi zisudzo alibe tizingoyimba auze tanthauzo la munthuyo. October 27, 1827 Milan chipangizo omvera chimwemwe kupereka debutant. Pakuti yense amasonyeza lotsatira anali anagulitsa akuyitana wolemba. Zonsezi anapereka mapiko kuti Wolemba lapansi.

"Mlendo"

Patatha chaka chimodzi bwino "Mzembela" Theatre "La Scala" akulamula sewero latsopano Bellini. Monga maziko mabuku a Wolemba anagwiritsa Arlenkura buku. chiwembu ake ndi abwino kwa Beli canto opera. Milan omvera analindirira ndi kuyamba ntchito yatsopano kale wokondedwa wopeka nyimbo. Mu 1829, opera unaperekedwa kwa omvetsera. Ndi zogwirizana ndi zimene timayembekezera ndipo anasonyeza okhwima mbuye. bwino anali zoopsa. Mu "Mlendo" Bellini anaonekera ambiri a mbali ya kalembedwe yake yapadera ndipo anayambitsa zochita angapo choyambirira nyimbo. Barcarolle anali upainiya siteji chisankho, amene anadabwa amaonetsa.

"La Sonnambula"

Mu 1831 pa siteji ya Milan zisudzo "Carcano" pali mankhwala atsopano a Belin - "La Sonnambula". The kuyamba kunali kupambana. Master molimba ntchito maluso awo nzeru nyimbo ndi gawo njira. Mu "La Sonnambula," iye amapita pa mutu wake ndiwotani - maganizo ndi zokhumba. Otsutsa pa sewero la izi zonse kusangalala, iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "mwaluso" Pomaliza ntchito Wolemba lapansi. "La Sonnambula" zimaonetsa kukhulupirika zogwirizana lomveka chitukuko chiwembu ndi wofatsa nyimbo. Anakhala iyeyo sewero latsopano canto Beli.

"Norma"

Komanso mu 1831 panali "Norma" zikuluzikulu, Bellini alemekezedwa. Komabe, m'nthawi anatenga izo wokongola ozizira. Only wotchuka cavatina "Casta Diva" anali moni ndi chimwemwe. Mu ntchito iyi wolemba kutchula zikuchitika zabwino zonse ndi luso. Ndi ntchito ya wojambula ndi wokhwima. Main aria "Casta Diva" lidakali limodzi mwa zovuta kwambiri maudindo woimba mu dziko. Ngakhale ofooka bwino kuyamba, kuimba nyimbo za opera ankamuyembekezera chuma. Patapita kumenya ochepa Milanese anthu kuti chiphwanye chilungamo ndi chifundo ndipo anawombera m'manja maestro. "Norma" Vinchentso Bellini ndi tingachipeze powerenga anazindikira chikhalidwe dziko, ndi wina wa masewero a kwambiri kawirikawiri anachita. , Iye anatha kukwaniritsa mogwirizana mtheradi nyimbo ndi nkhani.

"Oyeretsa"

Vincenzo Bellini, amene yonena ndi umakhudza ntchito yake, anali ndi ntchito zake, omwe anali sitepe yotsimikizika mu iye. sewero la lake lomaliza - "Oyeretsa" - osati wolemba maganizo monga chomaliza mankhwala a ntchito. Zolembalemba gwero kwa libretto panali buku ndi Sir Walter Scott. Iwo linayamba kuonetsedwa pa January 25, 1835 mu Paris, ndipo wakhala chinthu kwambiri pa zachikhalidwe cha French. kupambana inali ndithu, kuti Bellini anapatsidwa omvera ndi banja lachifumu ndipo linapereka ndi Legiyo Ulemu.

operatic cholowa

Pa moyo wake wolemba analemba 11 masewero a, osati onse a iwo anali opambana. Choncho, "Zaire" ndi W. Scott sanali makamaka bwino. Izi zimayambira ku kakafupi a nthawi imene ntchito, ndi mavuto ndi libretto lapansi. A tsoka ofanana ankamuyembekezera ndi sewero la "Beatrice di Machitidwe" ndi tsoka K. Fores. Kuweta za zisudzo Vinchentso Bellini "Norma", "Mlendo", "Somnambulist", "Oyeretsa" - mpaka ndi bwino kupita m'mabwalo osiyanasiyana. dzina Wolemba ndi pa ndime zimenezi, Italy wamkulu Rossini ndi Donizetti. A Casta Diva Vinchentso Bellini anali chiyeso kwa oimba onse a dziko. Kuyeza kumeneku umayendetsedwa yekha woimba bwino. Wotchuka yoimba udindo wa Mfundo anali Maria Callas, iye anachita umboni ndi nambala yake ya nthawi - 89. Modern sewero la nyenyezi Montserrat Caballe ndi Anna Netrebko monga mingoli wake muwale udindo umenewu.

Kalembedwe nyimbo ya Vincenzo Bellini

Wolemba analowa mbiri nyimbo monga mbuye waukulu wa ku Italy Beli canto. ntchito Yake kusiyana ndi nyimbo zabwino linati Neapolitan ndi Sicilian wowerengeka nyimbo. luso lake anawonetseredwa mu melodizing recitatives. Pamaso pake, palibe amene amachita. Adafuna kukwaniritsa chenicheni cha nkhani zosonyezedwa, nyimbo ndi mmene amakondera anthu a m'nkhaniyi. ntchito yake zimakhudza Oimba monga Chopin ndi Wagner.

zachinsinsi

Vincenzo Bellini moyo yochepa moyo, koma anali wotanganidwa kwambiri. Iye wakhala anagwira ntchito kwambiri. Choncho, Mitengo aria iye rewrote kasanu ndi kamodzi, koma pa nthawi yomweyo moyo wonse. Adakali wophunzira Naples Vincenzo anayamba chibwenzi ndi mwana wa mmodzi mwa aphunzitsi nyimbo ku koleji, iye anali wokonzeka kuti akwatire mtsikana, koma makolo ake anali motsutsa izo. Ngakhale pambuyo adasintha maganizo awo, ukwati sizinachitike. Mbiri kukula kwa Wolemba anapanga wokongola kwambiri akazi. Iye akutchedwa ambiri ndithu mabuku amene anauziridwa kulenga. Mu 1828, anakumana ndi mayi wina wokwatiwa Giuditta Turin. The chikondi pakati pawo kwa zaka zisanu, inali nkhani zonse misozi, sewero, nsanje, ngakhale zoipa. Kenako adzaitana pa ubwenzi gehena.

Pa moyo wake, Bellini wagwira ntchito ku Milan, Venice, Paris, London. Ambiri a moyo wake kulenga iye anakhala Milan. City anamupatsa zonse: chikondi, kutchuka, ndi chuma. The zaka ziwiri zapitazi anakhala mu Paris, kuyesa anthu French. Pa moyo wa Wolemba anali ogula angapo udindo wapamwamba, zomwe zinathandiza kuti ntchito yake.

Khama chinasokoneza thanzi la Wolemba lapansi. Mu chilimwe 1835 akuvutika kwambiri ndi 22 September kufa kutupa matumbo. Izo poyamba anaikidwa m'manda mu Paris, koma anasamukira ku Sicily phulusa.