Vuwo mbalame: ofotokoza ndi mapangidwe. Pinki, wakuda ndi oyera ndi Dalmatian zikovili

Mwina osati mu dziko munthu amene adzakhala sankadziwa mbalame. Ndi zosazolowereka kuti mwana amaphunzira vuwo zithunzi. Iye ndi membala chabe wa m'banja la dzina chomwecho. Ngakhale izi, pafupifupi maiko onse kufalitsa vuwo. mbalame ndi waukulu kwambiri ndipo ali mbali zingapo zachilendo kuti amakulolani kuzindikira pakati ena. Mabaibulo muli yosiyaniranapo kukula, mawonekedwe ndi mtundu.

Vuwo zachilendo

mbalame zimenezi osiyana ndi mitundu ina ya mlomo wa. Iye ali yaitali kwambiri padziko lonse, kuposa kutalika kwa mutu za kasanu. Chotero lalikulu ndi capacious mulomo palibe amene mbalame pa dziko. The kusiyanitsa mbali ya thumba vuwo leathery pa maziko ake, amene aikidwa mu malita 15 a madzi. Mothandizidwa ndi mbalame nsomba. Iwo akhoza kulinyamula mpaka 4 makilogalamu m'zigawo. Komanso chikwama izi lodzala ndi capillaries kuli ndi kutentha ntchito lamulo kutentha.

Ngakhale kuti akuchedwa dzikoli likuonekera ndi kulemera, zikovili kusambira bwino, zouluka kudya, akhoza kuuluka. A vuwo bulauni mofulumira waponya kuchokera kumwamba mu madzi nyama. Pofuna kuchepetsa mavuto obwera imeneyi madzi, pakati pa mafupa a mbalame izi ndi kuchuluka kwa matumba mpweya, ndi pachifuwa pake - pilo nthenga. Koma mitundu ina sangathe kuyenda pansi pa madzi, ngakhale, wosanjikiza mpweya pakati nthenga amawathandiza tiwolokere.

pamaso wina osaka mbalame - vuwo woyera. Nthawi zina amatchedwa hornbill. Ndipotu wake mandible m'ma chapamwamba ali yaing'ono njerewere-ngati lipenga. Nthenga woyera wake, ndi m'mbali wakuda, kotero nthawizina limatchedwa wakuda ndi woyera.

Chinthu china zodabwitsa za mbalame izi - chakuti iwo alibe mphuno, iwo kupuma mwachindunji kupyolera mlomo wa. Childs, zikovili chete ndipo kawirikawiri zimatulutsa phokoso lililonse. Koma amene angamvele kwambiri ngati grunting, mukulira kapena kung'ung'udza, osati mbalame mawu. Kuona nyama zachilendo kamodzi, sadzaiwala Kuyang'ana kwa mbalame vuwo.

Kufotokozera ndi maonekedwe

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa mbalame yaikulu, kufika kutalika kwa pafupifupi mamita awiri. Wingspan pafupifupi atatu mamita, ndi kulemera ndi makilogalamu 15. Ndi zizindikiro angapezeke ndi vuwo? Choncho:

• womangika chachikulu thupi;
• mapiko lalikulu kwambiri, kuchuluka patali kwambiri kuposa mamita atatu;
• miyendo lalifupi ndi Ngati a Bakha pakati pa zala;
• yaitali arched khosi;
• ndi mulomo lalikulu thumba leathery mu mmunsi;
• ndi lotayirira nthenga ndi wosanjikiza mpweya pansi pa khungu, amene amathandiza iwo kuuluka ndi kusambira.

njira ya moyo

Vuwo - mbalame waterfowl, pali nyanja, mitsinje ndi maiko nyanja. Amakonda osaya madzi, akumidziwa chete, mitsinje mtsinje ndi nyanja osaya wolemera mu nsomba. Iwo sanapite bwino, waddling awkwardly, koma ntchentche kwambiri ndi kusambira. Chifukwa cha mlomo yaikulu ndi yaitali yokhota kumapeto khosi zikovili mu ndege n'kosavuta kutenga nyama ya mbiri isanayambe. Iwo ndi akale kwambiri a mbalame okhala padziko Lapansi zaka zoposa 20 miliyoni zapitazo.

Zikovili kudya nsomba choncho nthawi yambiri pa madzi, koma kugona ndi chisa dziko. Iwo amakhala mu madera mwachilungamo lalikulu, kukula kwa amene angafikire kwa mbalame 10 chikwi. Ngakhale nuklyuzhy ake mwamphamvu ndi maonekedwe, iwo ndi mtendere ndithu. kawirikawiri anawona kumenyana, akuwuka ku chakudya kapena zomangila kwa chisa. Kulimbana zikovili mulomo kwambiri kumenya wina ndi mnzake.

Ambiri a iwo mu zigawo kum'mwera kwa dzikoli, koma zikovili moyo pa paliponse kupatula Antarctica. Anthu amene amakhala m'madera kumpoto nkhawa kwambiri kwa mbalame ataliatali.

mitundu zikovili

m'banja limeneli mitundu itatu, ndipo awiri okha a iwo pa dera la Russia. Izi Dalmatian vuwo ndi pinki. Subspecies maina kugwirizana ndi peculiarities wa mbalame ndi kusonyeza mtundu wawo kapena maonekedwe. Palinso wakuda ndi woyera vuwo, imvi bulauni. Ena mitundu ya m'gulu pangozi. Iwo akufa chiphe mitsinje ndi nyanja mankhwala, ngalande achinyontho, komanso chifukwa kugwira mbalame kwa kupanga khungu, yomwe ibwela ntchito.

mitundu isanu ya zikovili padziko mitsinje madzi ndi nyanja, ndipo ziwiri zokha yochezera mwanyanja - bulauni ndi Chile. Koma iwo akugona zonse yekha kumtunda, mpaka kunja kwa nyanja kukumana mbalame izi sizingakhale.

Pafupifupi anthu onse a zikovili uli wofanana khalidwe amasiyana yekha mu maonekedwe ndi kukula. Kupatula ndi imodzi mwa mitundu opezeka ku America. Brown vuwo, mosiyana ndi ena, amatha kuyenda pansi pa madzi, madzi kulowa kuchokera kumwamba. kawirikawiri ukufika mamita 20. Kupewa kuwonongeka kwa khosi pa amadza ndi madzi, mbalame chitaya mutu wake mmbuyo ndi amakankhira izo kumbuyo.

A madzi otsala kumathandiza ambiri mpweya thovu pakati nthenga. Ameneyo yachilendo vuwo mbalame. M'maganizo ndege kapena pa kusaka amasonyeza bwanji ndi okongola ndi chodabwitsa.

Monga zikovili kuuluka

Waukulu chachikulu mbalame zitha ndege akuthamanga noisily mapiko. Koma imauluka sizikuwoneka kovuta. Iwo kukupiza mapiko awo anayeza, kugwiritsa ntchito akwera mpweya mafunde ndi akuyandama Mukhozanso mwauzimu kukwera mmwamba. Mu ndege, iwo angafikire liwiro mpaka makilomita 50 pa ola limodzi. Khosi zikovili anali wopindidwa, akuponyera mutu wake ku mulomo yaitali si kuposa. Pamene iwo kuwuluka mtunda wautali, mbalame alimbane mphero. A gulu la mbalame mu ndege - akuona wokongola kwambiri. Zikovili kukhala pa madzi, liwiro yoteroyo ndi kukupiza noisily za iye.

Monga zikovili kusakasaka

Izi mbalame wochezeka, choncho chakudya amapangidwa komanso magulu. Zikovili kusaka m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, gulu la mbalame kuyenda m'madzi osaya, kutsitsa milomoyo awo m'madzi ndipo scooping mpaka ake "makoka". Abwerenso ndipo mwachangu. Chifukwa chochititsa poterera nyama kumapeto kwa mlomo wa iwo ndi mbedza. Zikovili ndi ntchito kugwira nsomba yaikulu.

Scooping madzi, vuwo angakwanitse mutu wake amakankhira iye ka mlomo wa ndiye Pomeza nsomba zonse kugwidwa. Ngati mulomo kwa nsomba zambiri, nkhuku, choyamba anakakamizika kuponya izo kuti anazondoketsedwa mu mlengalenga. Njira yokhayo adzatha kumeza izo. Panthawi imeneyi, mbalame zosamveka zina kuba nyama gulls nimble.

Kuyendetsa nsomba mu osaya, ndi zikovili flapped noisily. Onogda ali mu mizere iwiri ndi kuyendetsa nsomba kwa wina ndi mnzake. chidwi kwambiri njira za kusaka ndi vuwo bulauni. Iwo limatuluka mkulu wa thambo ndi madzi phokoso, kumenya madzi pa bere. Pachifuwa pa mbalame ndi khushoni lalikulu nthenga, kotero kuwonongeka sayambitsa nkhonya, koma nsomba ku makola amphamvu phokoso ndipo amayandama pamwamba ndipo sizivuta kuti mbalame.

zikovili kukaikira mazira

Ambiri mwa mbalame zimenezi chisa mitengo kapena zitsamba, akumanga zisa lalikulu nthambi ndi zinyalala ofanana. Anaumanga ndi wamkazi ndi wamwamuna kumabweretsa zakuthupi. Nthawi zina awiriawiri angapo kumanga kagawo lina lalikulu, lomwe ndi mulu waukulu wa nkhuni, zolembera, ndi tsamba zinyalala. Koma zikovili lalikulu chisa pa nthaka m'nkhalango ya udzu kapena bango, ndipo nthawizina - pomwe miyala, ntchito yomanga nthenga zawo.

Akazi kutchera mazira 2-3, omwe chikasu kapena bluish mtundu. Amawaumbatira iwo kwa mwezi umodzi. Anapiye zimaswa amaliseche ndi akhungu. masabata awiri okha kenako kuvala pansi, ndi osatetezeka ndi miyezi iwiri. nthawi yonseyi, makolo kudyetsa mwana wankhuku theka m'mimba nsomba molunjika kuchokera mlomo wake. N'zochititsa chidwi penyani pa ndondomeko ya kudya, pamene mwana amaika mutu wake mu lonse-lotseguka mulomo mbalame wamkulu.

Zikovili, amene mukukhala m'dziko lathu

M'dera Black Sea, pa gombe la nyanja ya Caspian, ndi Altai ndi Kazakhstan chisa pinki vuwo. peculiarity ake ndi nthenga ndi mtundu pinkish ndi malire akuda kuzungulira m'mphepete. Miyendo yake, kwambiri pinki, ndi pansi thumba mulomo - wachikasu. Palinso ocher chigamba pa chifuwa. Pa mutu wa mbalame - ndi tuft mkulu wa nthenga ananena. Mwa ichi ndi yofanana ndi mitundu ina okhala m'dziko lathu - Dalmatian vuwo, amene ali aakulu komanso ali ndi pinki mitundu. Nthenga Zake mwayera ndi kulocha imvi, miyendo imvi, nayenso. Ife dzina choncho chifukwa mutu ndi khosi nthenga wake pang'ono anapotoza kupanga chinachake chonga manyenje a. zikovili Awa ndi zimene zatsala pang'ono kutha ndipo atetezedwe.

Kumwa mbalame m'mayiko osiyanasiyana

Vuwo - mbalame ndi zosazolowereka kuti kuyambira kale zinali zambiri nthano. Asilamu yopatulika mbalame vuwo, amathandiza kumanga Mecca. anthu Turkic mwaulemu amamutcha "Baba-mbalame". Akulemekezedwa ku Ulaya komanso. The njira kudyetsa ana awo analamula ulemu, ndipo anakhala chizindikiro cha chikondi chosadzikonda cha makolo. Komabe chithunzi vuwo kudyetsa anapiye umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa khomo la St. Petersburg Pedagogical University.