Yakov Kostyukovsky: yonena, photos, mabuku ndi zolembedwa

Blockbusters m'nthawi ya Soviet Union kukhalabe lero, ngakhale ndi kuchuluka panopa mafilimu, wotchuka kwambiri pakati Russia wamba. Tonse kumbukirani ndi kukonda filimu "Daimondi Hand", "Opaleshoni Y", "Mkaidi wa Caucasus" ndi "incorrigible wabodza", koma ochepa mukudziwa kuti zolembedwa pa zonse zojambula izi linalembedwa ndi munthu mmodzi, wolemba, Wolemba wina ndi woyambitsa nyimbo Yakobo Kostyukovsky. Tsoka wapereka munthu uyu zolembalemba talente ndi tanthauzo lowopsya la nthabwala, amene anapulumutsa moyo wake.

yonena

Tsogolo Soviet wolemba anabadwa mu Ukraine m'tauni yaing'ono otchedwa Zolotonosha Cherkasy dera August 23, 1921, m'banja la Chiyuda. Bambo anali mu yoyamba ya padziko lonse, kumene ankalandira yolemekezeka asilikali mphoto chifukwa cha kulimba mtima ndi kudzipereka. Masiku amenewo, anthu a anthu osankhidwa kulandira George Cross zinali zosatheka. mphoto Izi anapereka chiwerengero pa udindo, kuphatikizapo ufulu kulembetsa mu sukulu yapamwamba, atate wake Yakova Kostyukovskogo Mendulo kuperekedwa kwa m'bale wake, ndipo anakhala dokotala.

Mwamsanga pambuyo pa kubadwa mwana wake, makolo ake anasamukira ku Kharkov, kumene anatenga mnyamata wolemba. The banja sanamvere miyambo za makolo akale Ayuda, na mnyamata ankadziwa Chiyukireniya ndi Russian. Monga mwana, Yakobo Kostyukovsky komanso kwambiri anyamata imeneyo, woyamikiridwa ulemu umunthu Stalin. Koma mayi ake kwa iye mofulumira kwambiri, kuposa kwenikweni ndi "wotchuka" atsogoleri a anthu ndi chifukwa chake matamando ake lililonse wailesi. Kostyukovsky kenako anati atamufunsa kuti mfundo yake yoyamba ndale.

Development wa luso kulenga

The Seme Kostyukovsky zambiri anakumana chidwi, anthu ophunzira, kuphatikizapo Rabbi Sandler. Nthawi zina iye anayankhula kwa mnyamatayo, anamupha ndi zoseketsa, mawu awo achidule ndi molimba tione. Yakov Kostyukovsky aphunzira kuwerenga mutu wakuti "Izvestia" nyuzipepala, komanso anzawo a bambo ake kaŵirikaŵiri mabuku chidwi ndi magazini mnyamatayu. kukambirana Friendly za mabuku ndi mbiri, nthabwala zabwino ndi bwenzi - zonsezi zinathandiza kuti chitukuko cha luso lolenga la mwanayo.

Mu sukulu anapita ku bwalo la zolembalemba, komwe anaphunzira za Mitundu, masitaelo ndi zimaonetsa ntchito ya wolemba. Adakali wophunzira, iye analemba kuti sukulu khoma nyuzipepala nkhani azithunzithunzi, ndakatulo, epigrams, ankakonda kugawana kuzipenya ndi kutsutsana ndi anzanu. Makolo anayesa kukhala ndi luso analenga anatumiza Yakobo pang'ono mu situdiyo zolembalemba ku mzinda Palace ya Apainiya dzina la P. Postysheva. Icho chinali malo apadera ikuphukira olemba aphunzire mu wolemba ndiye odziwika NP Trubailina.

maphunziro

Yakov Kostyukovsky kuyambira ubwana ankasiyana kupirira ndi kulimbikira kusukulu, sekondale maphunziro ndi n'kulandira mendulo ya golidi, ndi maphunziro apamwamba mnyamatayu anapita ku Moscow. Ngakhale mpikisanowo chachikulu, iye anavomereza wotchuka Institute of History, Literature ndi Philosophy. yunivesite Izi waphunzitsa anthu ambiri luso, koma mu zaka 30 za kukhazikitsidwa kwa anali kusangalala ndi mtsogoleri, Stalin ankaganiza kuti ophunzira ankalimbikitsa ufulu kuganiza ndi liberalism ndale. Mwina pa cifukwa ichi, mu 1939 lonse chaka choyamba, kuphatikizapo Yakobo Kostyukovsky anatumizidwa kuti kutsogolo kuthandiza asilikali chinkhoswe mu inalowa ya Western Ukraine ndi Belarus.

usilikali anapereka Yakovu Kostyukovskomu zinachitikira kwambiri, zokumana zatsopano komanso abwenzi. Patapita chaka chimodzi, ophunzirawo anabwerera ku koleji, koma tsoka sanalole kumaliza maphunziro anga, Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo.

ntchito yolenga

Mu nkhondo Yakov Kostyukovsky akhala pa kutsogolo, izo ziri pano, pansi Mabomba komanso zipolopolo, wobadwa a luntha lake azithunzithunzi. The mnyamata yomweyo akuitanidwa 'Moskovsky Komsomolets ", koma mlembi wamng'ono liukitsidwa zosasangalatsa kwambiri chifukwa kasamalidwe mkulu wa mutu - kufa pansi zipolopolo ozimitsa wosaphunzitsidwa. Nkhani wake anaitana mabwana anakwiya, ndipo anatumidwa kuti kutsogolo, mu wandiweyani, nthawi ili ngati nkhondo mtolankhani wa "Komsomolskaya Pravda".

Yakov Kostyukovsky sanasangalale mu kunkhondo, anachita nawo mbali pa Nkhondo ya Moscow, ndipo ngakhale analandira Mendulo posiyanitsa, iye mobwerezabwereza kubwera pansi achifasizimu moto ndipo anavulazidwa. Zinthu zavutitsitsa mnyamata sanataye tanthauzo lake wapadera wa nthabwala, choncho, pa mkangano ndi mmodzi wa atsogoleri maganizo a Young League Communist, iye satirically ndipo mpake anayankha kuti milandu yabodza, kuposa kachiwiri udachita ulalo wina.

Ntchito manyuzipepala

Kostyukovsky Yakobo Aronovich mlembi wamkulu wa nyuzipepala "Pakuti Mama!" Apanso ku pakati pa zochitika asilikali, apa iye analemba skit woyamba, ndipo, ndithudi, pa mutu wa asilikali. Axamwali ankakonda nkhaniyo, ndipo iwo anapereka mtolankhani wamng'ono kutumiza ntchito yake "Ogonyok" magazini. Palinso skit anabwera kulawa kope, ndipo posachedwa kagawo linasindikizidwa mu nthawi ya pasadakhale German pa Moscow. Ndi magazini ino ndi chifukwa zinthu zambiri mu moyo wa Yakova Kostyukovskogo, kumene anakumana ndi M. M. Zoschenko ndi S. K. Oleshey, olemba ichitikire kulenga Almanac "Kuseka -. Nkhani yaikulu"

Nkhondo itatha, wolemba akubwereranso ku mkonzi "Moskovsky Komsomolets" komwe anapitiriza ntchito yake zolembalemba. Iye amakhala angapo njira ndi zaluso mu nyuzipepala, choncho adapanga ndime zoseketsa "chachirendo koma zoona". Yakova Kostyukovskogo nkhani unayamba kuonekera mu magazini ena Soviet "ng'ona", "Pepper" neri Al., Ndipo mu 1952 iye anavomereza kuti Union of Writers la Russia.

Kugwira ntchito ndi olemba ena

Atachoka utolankhani makamaka chifukwa cha kukula odana Semitism anthu Union, Kostyukovsky Yakobo Aronovich pamodzi ndi wolemba wina kale wokhazikitsidwa ndi odziwika VE Bahnovym kuyamba kugwirira ntchito limodzi. Mwa mavesi awo cholembera kunja, ndakatulo satirical, satires, waona komanso reprises. ntchito zawo amakhala ndi mpweya wambiri wa chinenero luso ankasinthana zoseketsa, iwo anathandizana ndi amisiri wotchuka nyimbo Soviet. Mwachitsanzo, kwalembedwa mwa Kostyukovskgo mwini malankhulidwe angapo otchuka Tarapulki ndi zipinda pulagi wosewera A. S. Belova ndi zina zotero D..

The chifukwa cha awiriwa awo kulenga akhala penapake mnogoaktovyh masewero "Tikamacheza TINKAKUMANA" (1955), "The mosamvetsa nthano" (1960) ndi ena. The mgwirizano chatha anali filimu "ufulu yamba" (1963).

Kugwira ntchito ndi L. Gaidai

Peak kulemba ntchito Kostyukovskogo Yakova Aronovicha anabwera 60s, pamene iye anakomana satirist MR Slobodsky ndi mkulu wotchuka filimu Leonidom Gaydaem. Izi atatu kulenga anapatsa anthu Russian ndi mafilimu mumaikonda kalekale kukhala zapamwamba: "Opaleshoni Y ndi Other Zopatsa Chidwi Shurik" (1965), "Mkaidi wa Caucasus" (1967) ndi "daimondi mkono" (1969).

Mawu a zojambula izi akukumbukira anthu a Soviet Union, yaifupi oseketsa ndi nkhani, iwo mwamsanga anapita kwa anthu. Conciseness anali ofala ya kulenga Yakova Kostyukovskogo. Chibugariya, prose, ndakatulo ndi satires a wolemba anakhala weniweni chuma Russian chikhalidwe cha XX atumwi.

mbali yapadera

nthabwala umatchedwa nthabwala tchire, wachifundo ndi zithunzi chakuya anatembenuka Shurika, zomenya kapena kulephera ozembetsa. Kostyukovsky anaukitsidwa pa kuseka ndi Ilf ndi Petrov, ndi aphunzitsi ake mwachindunji anali Emile Short ndi Nikolai Erdman, olamulira onena za Soviet zoseketsa. Wolemba yekha ndi wofunika kwambiri za ntchito yake wolemba, anaona kuti ngati zisudzo akadali zotheka kusintha chidutswa analephera ndi kuyesa izo mu sewerolo lotsatira, kanema onse olembedwa kamodzi kwa nthawi zonse.

Yakov Aronovich anatsindika kuti onse mawu anatsimikiza mafilimu wotchuka anali anatulukira kachiwiri ndipo sanatenge ndi zinthu zina kapena anecdotes. Pamodzi ndi Slobodsky Gaidai ndipo iwo anali akuyesera kuti kudziwa mfundo yabwino kuseka, chifukwa kuti kunali koyenera kumvetsa kuti zoseketsa limodzi, ndi ena sindimakonda. Ndipo Chofunika, ndi nthabwala ayenera kukhala "moyo", atamangirira mwaimvetsa maganizo.

mabuku

Yakov Aronovich sizinayende chifukwa mphoto ndi kuzindikira, pamene cholinga linali losavuta - kukhazikitsa, kulemba zimene mukufuna zonse. Iye mwamsanga anayamba kuona chimwemwe cha ntchito yolenga, chifukwa Iye analemba ku sukulu. Mwayi ndi Institute, mu anayambitsa analamulira mzimu ufulu ndithu, ndakatulo maganizo ndi limodzi. Koma potsiriza chimatanthauza ntchito yake Kostyukovsky anathandiza nkhondo. Apa, mu zikhalidwe za mantha ndi ululu, chipulumutso mbasowa mu nthabwala.

Iye anayamba ndi wolemba yaing'ono reprise, anecdotes zoseketsa, waona komanso anecdotes, kenako okha mogwirizana ndi VE Bahnovym mu bukhu la Yakova Kostyukovskogo "Mukhoza kudandaula" (1951), "The mosamvetsa nthano" (1960), "kutenga malo anu" (1954 ). Koma kawirikawiri izo ntchito ndi wamfupi, zomwe mawu ochepa anasonyeza maganizo nthawi zina kwambiri kwambiri. Awa anali wotchuka "Mamuarazmy" Yakova Kostyukovskogo, zolemba izi zimaonekera mbali zosiyanasiyana za moyo kudutsa ndi lothandiza, apa wolemba anabweretsa kuzipenya ake oyenera ndi mfundo anasonyeza moyo wake. anawaitana "aloyi wodzichepetsa Maulendo ndi zosavuta misala."

mavuto kufufuza

Ngakhale chikhalidwe cha ufulu ndi kudzichepetsa kuli mwa mafilimu onse ndi mabuku, Yakobo Aronovich kwambiri anadwala Soviet matupi kufufuza polojekiti. Ngakhale sukulu satirical molimba mtima kuseka anachititsa kusakhutira wa utsogoleri sukulu nkhondo iye mwanthabwala anafotokoza gulu la kuipa wa asilikali kuti Komanso nthawi ayambitsa mikangano. Komabe, otsatira mfundo zokomera sanaleke Yakova Kostyukovskogo. "Daimondi cholembera" Mfumu ya Comedy, monga limatchedwa wolemba, sanaleke ntchito zolembalemba.

zojambula onse Gaidai nkomwe kugonjetsa boma kufufuza, nthawi zambiri aliyense tepi unachitikira nthawi zingapo kumene woyamba ovomerezedwa ndi zisudzo, ndiye script, kusintha ndi zina zotero. D. Niggles mopusa komanso zopondereza, monga "Daimondi Hand" ndi mawu Nonna Mordyukova "Ine kudabwa, kuti mwamuna wanu amapezeka m'masunagoge! "" sunagoge "linasintha ndi" mbuye. " Akuluakulu zolimbana, iwo amati, sanali zokopa za funso Ayuda. A mawu zotchuka Shurik "Tiyenera, Fyodor, pomwe!" Kunaoneka ngati kufuna kumam'nyoza olemba Cuba utasintha mtsogoleri Fidel Castro, amene ena mabwalo amatchedwa "Fyodor".

mfundo zosangalatsa

achinyamata ambiri sindikunena chithunzi Yakova Kostyukovskogo kwathunthu kanthu, munthu uyu ali poyera kwa misa, koma zipatso za ntchito yake ndi bwino kuti munthu aliyense Russian. Ndipotu, tiyenera kudziwa akatswiri awo mwa munthu, ndiye pafupifupi aliyense mosavuta zobwereza "Daimondi Hand" kapena "Opaleshoni Y" koma dzina wolemba blockbusters izi sindingathe aliyense.

Wolemba anakulira m'banja sanali wa umutu Ayuda, koma zaka anayamba kuona kufuna kukhala bwino mbiri ndi ululu wa anthu ake. Sam Yakobo Aronovich adaseleula motere naye kuti ankaona kuti chaka chilichonse kwambiri Ayuda.

Kuwonjezera zimaonetseratu mafilimu, Kostyukovsky analemba zolembedwa kwa zojambula angapo, kuphatikizapo "Time Machine" (1967), "The watsopano chachikulu vuto" (1976) ndi "Kuchokera nkhalango ya Pine" (1974).

Wolemba anali mphoto zitatu chifukwa cha kuphunzira usilikali, kuphatikizapo Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Moscow" ndi Mendulo "kugonjetsa Germany". Wolemba wina anamwalira mu 2011. Iye anaikidwa pa manda Vagankovsky.