Yapamwamba zopangidwa poliyesitala. Kupanga ulusi poliyesitala

Chemical kupanga - gwero lalikulu la chuma anthu. Ndipotu, chirichonse kuchokera katundu wa m'nyumba zovala, anachita ndi kutulutsa pamaziko a sayansi.

A udindo wapadera kwa ulusi osiyana mankhwala, amene kupeza ntchito m'minda yosiyanasiyana ya luso sayansi, ndi mafakitale.

Gawo ulusi mankhwala

opangidwa ulusi onse akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu.

1. Amapanga - ndi zimene zochokera polima achilengedwe, koma anathetsera ndi akamaumba mwachindunji filaments amapezeka ndi nawo njira physicochemical.
2. Kupanga - ulusi amene ali mwachindunji mu zasayansi (mafakitale) zinthu. Iwo zochokera alipidwa otsika mankhwala maselo kulemera amene n'kukhala macromolecules ndi zochita polymerization.

Poyankha, yokumba ndi kupanga ulusi komanso ndi gulu lawo ndi zitsanzo. Taganizirani wina ndi zitsanzo zenizeni.

Iwo akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu. Kapangidwe zakuya za unyolo mpweya, ndi njira kupanga ubwenzi.

1. Carbochain ulusi kupanga. Unyolo waukulu wamangidwa mosamalitsa mpweya maatomu, cholukanalukana ndi ochiritsira nsinga Sigma-mtundu. ndithu ambiri zitsanzo akhoza zimachitika gulu. Mwachitsanzo, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polyvinylchloride, polypropylene, polyvinyl mowa.
2. Heterochain ulusi kupanga. Yodziwika ndi kuphatikizapo mpweya mu heteroatoms macrochain - asafe, sulfure, phosphorous ndi ena. gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo ulusi ngati: poliyesitala, polyurethane, polyamide.

Ngati ife kulankhula za ntchito ya mu makampani nsalu, phindu anafotokoza oimira osiyana. Choncho, CHIKWANGWANI yokumba zambiri applicable kwambiri zovala, nsalu bedi, matawulo ndi zinthu zina nsalu banja. Ngakhale pali kuchotserapo, pamene nsalu amenewa ntchito luso.

Kupanga mankhwala ulusi, pa dzanja zina zambiri zogwirizana kumangako, zomangamanga, mafakitale, osati kunyumba. Kupenda mosamalitsa nsalu ndendende poliyesitala filament kwa iwo ndi ntchito.

Yapamwamba zopangidwa poliyesitala: mudziwe ambiri

Kuyambira mankhwala amazionera, mankhwala - ichi ndi chifukwa cha anzake a terephthalic asidi C ₈ H ₆ O ₄ ndi ethylene glycol, ndi mowa C dihydric ₂ H ₆ O _2. Chifukwa, kuipidwa polymerization anachita ndipamene timibulu bwino kapena woyera, ali katundu wofunika - kukhuthala. Kutero kutentha awo. Ndi pa yokonza ino zachokera ulusi mwachindunji kwa thunthu.

Limatsogolera kutentha kwa zinthuzi pamwamba 260 ⁰ C. Izi zimapangitsa iwo zosavuta ntchito zolinga mafakitale. Pali katundu wapadera wogwidwa ndi ulusi amenewa.

1. Kupanga poliyesitala yarns chingathe kupirira njira zidulo, alkalis.
2. Zilibe kupasuka mu madzi, solvents, chikhalidwe organic.
3. Ndi insulator, izo pafupifupi makhalidwe magetsi.
4. Zamgululi zopangidwa olimba, cholimba kwambiri ndi odalirika.

Kukhala kupanga kwathunthu mu chikhalidwe, yarns awa ali opambana mu zinthu zambiri chifukwa luso ndi nsalu makhalidwe a ambiri ulusi munthu.

njira yopanga

Malinga ndi kufotokoza zimene tatchulazi ziyenera kukhala poliyesitala kupanga terephthalic acid. Komabe, ake katundu thupi penapake kovuta kuti n'zogwirizana ndi mofulumira polymerization anachita ndi ethylene glycol, kotero si ntchito mu mawonekedwe woyengeka, ngati Ester ndi. Dzinali - dimethyl terephthalic asidi Ester cha dzina chomwecho, chidule monga DMT.

Choncho, kupanga poliyesitala CHIKWANGWANI wapangidwa ndi zinthu zingapo zotsatizana mankhwala:

• makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa osakaniza esters wa Para-xylene, i.e. yokonza kuyambira zipangizo;
• esterification, mwachitsanzo ulimi wa Ester DMT;
• Distillation ndi kuyeretsedwa la mankhwala chifukwa;
• DMT recrystallization kupeza chuma koyera.

Konzekerani malinga ndi mankhwala chiwembu okonzeka kulowa mu mkombero lotsatira zimachititsanso kuti zotsatira ndi kukhala poliyesitala (poliyesitala). Izo zikuchitika mu masiteji ziwiri zazikulu.

1. Transesterification analandira DMT ndi ethylene glycol. Zotsatira - diglycol ndi otsika polyesters maselo kulemera.
2. Polycondensation zopezera sitepe yoyamba ndi pakati pa katundu. Chifukwa ndi polietilentereftalatat viscous.

Tsopano ziri ku mbali yamanja. thunthu ndi anadutsa wapadera yaing'ono spinneret prodavlivaya ngati, chotero ulusi okonzeka. Pa yozizira iwo kuwumitsa. processing ena anatulutsa, kuyeretsedwa ndi mitundu.

dzina zakuthupi

m'mayiko osiyanasiyana amapangidwa ndi ulusi awa ntchito. Poliyesitala kupanga ulusi uliwonse boma nalo dzina lake, kotero kuti ambiri ofanana. Tiyeni tione zimene iwo ali.

1. Mu Russia - poliyesitala, polyether, poliyesitala.
2. Mu America - Dacron.
3. United Kingdom - Terylene.
4. Japan - teteron.
5. France - tergalii.

Komabe, monga iwo woyitanidwa, ndi katundu kukhala chimodzimodzi ndi ntchito kwambiri.

Poliyesitala Zofunika: Katundu

Pakati waukulu mfundo zolimbikitsa Dacron ayenera zochitika monga:

• zoipa creasing;
• moto kukana;
• kuwala kukana;
• durability;
• mphamvu ndi softness, kusalala;
• kukana kuti solvents kwambiri organic, komanso zidulo ndi alkalis;
• kusowa kumva kuwawa;
• nsalu siligwirizana ndi chitukuko cha zamoyo (bowa, nthata, tizilombo, etc);
• zimakhudzira kukana;
• kukana kuti anatambasula.

Kumene, akonzedwa a ntchito abwino padera. Ndicho chifukwa chake ntchito za malonda poliyesitala ndi yotakata kwambiri, kuphimba Boma kwambiri chuma.

Komabe, pali zovuta. Mfundo zotsatirazi zimachitika kuti:

• N'zovuta mtundu, kotero mitundu olemera ndi kowala mu zimakhala izi zimachokeradi;
• kwambiri inasangalatsa, monga dielectrics okha;
• ngati inu kutenga weniweni, osati kukonzedwa ndi njira yapadera poliyesitala, zidzakhala lolimba zinthu zokwanira.

kuipa onse amene ali kuletsedwa mosavuta zina za zinthu zina mu ndondomeko kupanga usasungunuke. Choncho, phindu yokulirapo alibe.

ulusi dzenje

Mtundu wa thonje poliyesitala n'kofunika kwambiri pomanga kapangidwe ndi ntchito kumeneko. Ngakhale pali kuchotserapo. Mwachitsanzo, monga hollofayber amene anapeza chitetezo makampani nsalu.

Ulusi dzenje ntchito kupanga:

• fiberglass;
• zomangira;
• matenthedwe kutchinjiriza zinthu;
• mankhwala wailesi.

Iwo ntchito monga Zosefera mankhwala madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Hollofayber chifukwa makhalidwe ake ambiri akhala m'malo nthenga zachilengedwe ndi pansi malonda nsalu. Iye anakhala mtundu waukulu cushions filler, mabulangete, zovala ndi zinthu zina.

Mpira siliconized ulusi

Izi ndi chipatso zofunika kupanga kwambiri zofewa, Eco-wochezeka ndipo sanali allergenic zofunda. ulusi oterowo ntchito ngati fillers kwa quilts ndi mapilo.

N'chifukwa chiyani iwo? Ichi ndi chifukwa makhalidwe kwambiri luso.

1. Kodi si kuyamwa chinyontho.
2. Ndinapirira ndi zotanuka.
3. Amenable kuti makina ochapira, yosavuta ndiponso zosavuta kusamalira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito.
4. Iwo alibe fungo.
5. Kodi si chifukwa chifuwa.
6. Iwo ili yofunika kwambiri pa chitukuko cha tizilombo.

Zonsezi amapereka towball poliyesitala CHIKWANGWANI monga filler mipando, zofunda ndi zovala bwino sapambana masoka achilengedwe "Akhristu": pansi, nthenga.

The sangathe ndi wamfupi moyo poyerekeza ndi zipangizo achilengedwe. Komabe, mtengo wa mankhwala amenewa n'cholinga pansipa.

CHIKWANGWANI chakudya

Pakati pa ulusi poliyesitala ali ndi wapadera malo ngati kusuntha kwake, monga thonje chakudya. Ndi mbewu yawo chimabweretsa ulusi kupanga Pamlingo kuposa ena. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti zimenezi mankhwala ntchito atapanga thonje yokha, ndiyeno mfundo zovala, zovala ndi zina zotero.

Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa chakudya ulusi anapangidwa kuchokera kuphatikiza zogwirizana wa nkhosa kapena thonje-poliyesitala. kudalirana Izi zimathandiza kuti alandire mitundu zotsatirazi zipangizo:

• zovala;
• odula;
• zingwe;
• wa malaya;
• nsaru;
• kavalidwe;
• ndinamverera;
• pamphasa;
• ubweya.

Mwachionekere, mankhwala ena akhoza sewn ndipo anapangidwa ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu.

Luso thonje la poliyesitala

ulusi awa amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu zotsatirazi mankhwala:

• maukonde ndi trawls;
• zingwe ndi zingwe;
• hoses zopangidwa mafuta;
• lona;
• conveyor lamba;
• malamba ndi malamba pagalimoto;
• tayala chingwe;
• matenthedwe kutchinjiriza ndi kusefera zipangizo.

yarns amenewa akhoza zimachitika zafotokozedwa pamwambapa CHIKWANGWANI dzenje.

Kupanga zipangizo poliyesitala

mankhwala Kodi zina zikhoza kupangidwa kuchokera poliyesitala? The tanthauzo lapadera la zomangira, amene ntchito monga filler, takhala kale tafotokozazi. Ndikungofuna kuwonjezera kuti hollofayber amapereka pilo ofewa ndi omasuka ndi ofunda ndi bulangeti kuwala. Poliyesitala CHIKWANGWANI mu ntchito nsalu imangokhala irreplaceable ndi chaka kufunika apamwamba auka apamwamba.

Komanso ntchito poliyesitala kuti zotsatirazi mitundu ya nsalu :

• taffeta;
• crepe;
• knitwear;
• crimplene;
• Mel.

Anachita zovala, tulle ndi nsaru, makhalidwe wowoneka ndi zina zotero.

mtundu wina wa ntchito zothandiza anthu, amene ntchito poliyesitala - ndi opaleshoni. Medicine ankaona kuthekera yopangira ziwiya yokumba magazi ndi filament opaleshoni ya poliyesitala. Izi, kumene, facilitates ambiri ntchito yopulumutsa moyo.

Reviews katundu ndi CHIKWANGWANI izi

Popeza kuti, kuwonjezera pa makhalidwe abwino, zipangizo poliyesitala ofotokoza nawobe kuipa, si anthu onse ali ndi mankhwala. Pankhani ntchito zomangamanga, sipangakhale mkangano: Dacron - mtsogoleri. Komabe, kuyankhula za mankhwala nsalu ndi zovala, tisaiwale ndi zosiyana. maganizo olakwika mosaphonyetsa amalandira poliyesitala CHIKWANGWANI. Reviews oterewa zochokera zolakwa za minofu yokha - inasangalatsa ndi moyo zochepa.

Komabe, anthu ambiri amaganiza za poliyesitala imodzi mwa zipangizo womasuka kwambiri, wokongola komanso apamwamba masiku ano. Choncho, zovala, nyumba zinthu ndi zofunda zopangwidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo izi zokha zatchuka zaka.

Ngati inu mukuyang'ana pa ndemanga za mapilo mabulangete pamaziko a poliyesitala, ambiri a iwo adzakhala adakali zabwino, amene ayesedwa wolungama kwambiri ndi chilungamo.