Zhozef Lui Lagranzh - masamu, zakuthambo ndi injiniya

Ofufuza ambiri amakhulupirira kuti Zhozef Lagranzh si Chifulenchi ndi Chitaliyana masamu. Ndipo iwo amati izi si popanda chifukwa. Ndipotu kafukufuku tsogolo anabadwa mu Turin mu 1736. Mu ubatizo mnyamata anamutcha dzina lakuti Giuseppe Ludovico. atate wake anagwira mkulu ya ndale pa ulamuliro unit wa Sardinia, ndi a kalasi wolemekezeka. Mayi kubanja la madokotala.

Banja la masamu tsogolo

Choncho, banja woyamba umene iye anabadwa Zhozef Lui Lagranzh, anali olemera ndithu. Koma bambo wa banja anali zosamveka, koma kulimbikira kwambiri bizinesi. Ndipo posachedwapa anatsala pang'ono kuwonongedwa. M'tsogolo, Lagrange anafotokoza maganizo chidwi kwambiri za zinthu izi moyo zinachitikira banja lake. Iye amakhulupirira kuti ngati banja lake anapitirizabe kukhala moyo wosangalala ndi omasuka moyo, n'zotheka kuti Lagrange sibwenzi ndi mpata umakhalapo likuwayenera ndi masamu.

Buku, amene anatembenuka moyo

Mwana wa makolo ake khumi anali Zhozef Lui Lagranzh. mbiri yake, ngakhale pankhani imeneyi angatchedwe bwino: chifukwa abale ake ena onse anafa ana aang'ono. Atate Lagrange inali chakuti mwanayo ophunzira m'chilamulo. Lagrange yekha poyamba kodi simusamala. Poyamba, iye anaphunzira pa College of Turin, kumene iye anali ndi chidwi kwambiri zilankhulo ndi masamu kumene tsogolo kwa nthawi yoyamba bwino ntchito za Euclid ndi Archimedes.

Komabe, apo pakubwera nthawi fateful pamene Lagrange woyamba limagwira diso la ntchito Galileo mutu wakuti, "Pa njira mawunikidwe ubwino wake." Zhozef Lui Lagranzh amazipanga chidwi m'buku lino - mwinamwake kuti iye anapotoloka onse tsoka lake. Nthawi yomweyo, kuti mnyamata wasayansi jurisprudence ndi zilankhulo anali mu mthunzi wa masamu.

Malinga ndi zimene mabuku ena amanena, masamu Lagrange ntchito paokha. Malinga ndi ena anapita ku makalasi Turin sukulu. zaka kale mu 19 (ndipo malinga ndi zimene mabuku ena amanena - 17) Zhozef Lui Lagranzh chinkhoswe mu chiphunzitso cha masamu pa yunivesite. Ichi chinali chifukwa chakuti ophunzira bwino za dziko pa nthawi imene anali ndi mwayi kuphunzitsa.

ntchito yoyamba: mapazi a Leibniz ndi Bernoulli

Kotero, kuyambira tsopano masamu limakhala lalikulu bwalo Lagrange. Mu 1754 anaona buku la kafukufuku wake woyamba. Scientist analipanga mu mawonekedwe a kalata ku Italy wasayansi DEI Toschi Fagnano. Koma apa Lagrange akalakwitsa. Osati kukhala ndi mtsogoleri sayansi ndi kukonzekera chakudya chawo, ndiye waphunzirazo, kafukufuku kale maphunziro. mfundo izo zinali za kwa Leibniz ndi Johann Bernoulli. Zhozef Lui Lagranzh ankaopa ngakhale atamunamizira plagiarism. Koma mantha anali opanda pake kwathunthu. Ndipo patsogolo masamu kuyembekezera zikayenda bwino kwambiri.

Ankadziwa Euler

Mu zaka 1755-1756 wasayansi wamng'ono anatumiza zina mwa mapangidwe ake masamu Euler, umene kwenikweni anayamikira. Ndipo mu 1759-mamita Lagrange anamutuma kafukufuku wina ofunika kwambiri. Izo zinali zoyenera njira yothetsera mavuto isoperimetric imene Euler movutikira zaka. An wasayansi odziwa anasangalala kwambiri Kupezeka kwa achinyamata Lagrange. Iye anakana kufalitsa zina zochitika zake kutchire mpaka nthawi monga Zhozef Lui Lagranzh sanali kufalitsa ntchito zawo.

Mu 1759, chifukwa cha malingaliro a Euler, Lagrange watumikira monga membala yachilendo wa Berlin Academy of Sciences. Apa Euler anasonyeza tsenga pang'ono: pambuyo pa zonse, iye ankafuna kuti Lagrange ankakhala pafupi ndi zotheka kwa iwo, ndi wasayansi wamng'ono anali kupita ku Berlin.

Ntchito ndi kutopa

Lagrange anali nawo osati kafukufuku m'minda ya masamu, ndipo okonza ndi zakuthambo. Iye adalenga asayansi, chomwe pambuyo chinasinthidwa Royal Academy of Sciences wa Turin. Koma mtengo chakuti Zhozef Lui Lagranzh anayamba nambala yaikulu mfundo m'madera yeniyeni ndipo anakhala nthawi kuti masamu kwambiri ndi zakuthambo wa dziko, anayamba akulimbana ndi maganizo.

Yambani kudzikumbutsa kutopa nthawi zonse. Madokotala 1761 anati iwo sadzakhala ndi udindo thanzi Lagrange ngati iye sanali chiphwanye ndi Changu cha kafukufuku wake ndipo alibe ziziyenda ndandanda ntchito. Masamu sankafuna zofuna-zayekha ndi kumvera malangizo a madotolo. Thanzi lake okhazikika. Koma vuto sanamusiye mpaka mapeto a moyo.

Research mu Astronomy

Mu 1762, ku Paris Academy of chidwi Mpikisanowo analengeza Sciences. Nawo kunali koyenera kupereka ntchito pa zoyenda mwezi. Apa Lagrange kumaonekera monga zakuthambo kafukufuku. Mu 1763 izo amatumiza ku bungwe la ntchito yake pa libration wa Moon. Ndipo nkhani yokha atadza pa Academy atatsala pang'ono kufika kwa Lagrange. chakuti masamu adanyamuka ulendo, mpaka London, imene anali kudwala ndipo anali kukhala ku Paris.

Koma apa Lagrange anapeza phindu lalikulu: chifukwa Paris anatha timudziwe bwino akatswiri ena chachikulu - d'Alembert. Mu likulu la France Lagrange analandira mphoto chifukwa cha kafukufuku pa libration wa Moon. Ndipo mphoto ina kupereka katswiri - pambuyo pa zaka ziwiri anali kupereka phunziro la makina awiri a Jupiter.

waudindo

Mu 1766 Lagrange anabwerera ku Berlin ndi kupeza kupereka kukhala pulezidenti wa Academy of Sciences ndi mutu wa Dipatimenti ake a sayansi ndi masamu. A zambiri asayansi Berlin ndi mwansangala kwambiri analandira mwa Lagrange anthu awo. Iye anatha kukhazikitsa ubwenzi wolimba ndi masamu Lambert, Johann Bernoulli. Koma chimangidwe panali otsutsa. Mmodzi wa iwo anali Castillon, amene anali zaka makumi atatu aakulu kuposa Lagrange. Koma patapita kanthawi ubwenzi wawo bwino. Lagrange anakwatira msuweni wake Castiglione dzina lake Vittoria. Komabe, banja lawo anali wopanda mwana komanso wosasangalala. Nthawi zambiri mkazi kudwala anafa 1783.

kaundula wasayansi

Total katswiri unachitikira ku Berlin kwa zaka zoposa makumi awiri. The ntchito yopindulitsa kwambiri imatengedwa "Analytical Zimango" Lagrange. Phunziro lino olembedwa pa nthawi ya kukhwima. Pali chabe asayansi angapo chachikulu pakati pa cholowa kuti akakhala ndi ntchito ofunika. "Analytical Zimango" angafanane ndi "chiyambi" wa Newton, komanso ndi "wotchi pendulum" Huygens. Komanso anakonza wotchuka "The Lagrange mfundo", dzina lonse - ". Mfundo d'Alembert-Lagrange" Adzaupereka kwa dera la maikwezhoni ambiri a mphamvu.

Kusamukira ku Paris. kutsikatsika a moyo

Mu 1787 Lagrange anasamukira ku Paris. Ake akakwaniritsa ndi ntchito mu Berlin, koma anafunika kuchita, chifukwa chakuti udindo wa alendo atamwalira Frederick II m'tawuni pang'onopang'ono anakula. Mu Paris, polemekeza omvera achifumu Lagrange unachitikira, ndi masamu ngakhale nyumba ya Louvre. Koma nthawi yomweyo iye akuyamba podwala kwambiri maganizo. Mu 1792, wasayansi anakwatira kachiwiri, ndipo tsopano mgwirizano anali wosangalala.

Kumapeto kwa moyo wake wasayansi umabala kwambiri pa ntchito. The ntchito wotsiriza, amene anali zoti, anali kuti abwereze ndi "Zimango Analytical". Koma kuchita zimenezi, asayansi alephera. April 10, 1813 anamwalira Zhozef Lui Lagranzh. Anagwiranso iye, makamaka imodzi otsiriza nalo moyo wake: "Ndachita mochenjera ... Ine sindinayambe anadana wina ndi anachita choipa." Imfa ya sayansi, monga moyo, bata - iye anachoka ndi bwino.