Zida zakuthupi

Pa nthawi yopanga, ogwira ntchito zachuma amagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo ndi zinthu zolimbitsa ntchito kuti apange zinthu, kupanga ntchito ndi kupereka ntchito. Mosiyana ndi chuma chomwe sichinachitikepo, zipangizozi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira panthawi imodzi. Mtengo wawo umasamutsidwa ku katundu (ntchito kapena ntchito).

Zida zakuthupi ndizogwira ntchito zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga, zigawanika ndi zinthu zothandizira komanso zothandizira, zowonjezera ndi zogwirira ntchito, mphamvu ndi mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zamakono. Mfundo izi zimagwira ntchito monga ntchito imene anthu amagwira ntchito, cholinga chachikulu chomwe chimapanga zinthu, kugwira ntchito ndi kupereka ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

Zonse zakuthupi zimakhala ndi kayendedwe kosinthika kwa mafuta ndi mphamvu ndi zipangizo. Gulu loyamba la miyezo likuphatikizapo:

- zachilengedwe chuma (mwachitsanzo, malasha);

- mafuta opangidwa (briquettes);

- Zamagetsi (zotayira, mafuta).

Zida zopangira zinthu ndizozimene zimagwirizanitsa ndi kupanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Malingana ndi makhalidwe ake, gululi ligawanika kukhala lalikulu ndi othandizira. Kulemba kumapangidwa molingana ndi cholinga chomwe zipangizo zimagwiritsidwira ntchito popanga. Zolinga zazikulu ndizo zomwe ndizo maziko a zotsatira. Kwa wothandizira - kupereka chipangidwe makhalidwe ena.

Malingana ndi cholinga chawo, chuma chakuthupi chimagawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa:

1. Zida zamakono ndi zipangizo, zomwe ndizo zigawo zikuluzikulu zomwe zimapanga maziko a zinthu. Zipangizo zamakono zimapangidwa ndi ulimi ndi mafakitale owonjezera (mbatata, thonje, mafuta). Zida - processing (starch, nsalu).

2. Wothandizira. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zomwe zimakhudza zipangizo zoyambirira ndi zipangizo (mankhwala ndi zonunkhira, mabatani ndi ulusi), komanso omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zamagetsi (mafuta).

3. Zogwiritsidwa ntchito zamagetsi zogulidwa ku mabungwe a chipani chachitatu, zigawo zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe sizinatheke, koma zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga maziko awo (makoma ozungulira , etc.).

4. Mafuta (gasi ndi malasha, nkhuni ndi peat, mafuta ndi mafuta), zomwe zimagwira ntchito kukwaniritsa zosowa zachuma ndi zokolola.

5. Kupaka zipangizo ndi mapulasitiki oyenera kuti azisungira ndi kusungirako katundu, komanso kutengerapo katundu.

6. Zosungiramo mbali, cholinga chake ndicho kukonza zipangizo ndi makina, komanso magalimoto.

7. Zipangizo zomwe zimasamutsidwa kuti zisinthidwe kumbali.

8. Zopereka zogwiritsira ntchito.

9. Zovala zapamwamba ndi zipangizo zamtengo wapatali m'nyumba yosungira katundu, komanso ntchito.

Zida zakuthupi zowonongeka, kulingalira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zingathe kuphatikizidwira m'magulu poganizira zochitika zamakono ndi katundu, malonda ndi mitundu, kukula kwake ndi sukulu, ndi zina zotero. Kuti akwaniritse mtundu umenewu, bungwe la bizinesi limapanga mndandanda wa zipangizo zosiyana siyana. Dzina lirilonse lazinthu liri ndi nambala yake yokhayokha, lembani zolemba zonse zomwe zikugwirizana ndi kayendedwe kake.

Kusamalira chuma kumapangidwa chifukwa cha kusanthula zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga. Ntchito yake yaikulu ndi kuonjezera zotsatira zowonjezera zipangizo zopangira, monga:

- kuyambitsa ndondomeko yokonzekera zipangizo zamakono ndikuwathandiza kukhala ndi mafananidwe oposa;

- kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera kwa zonse zomwe zilipo;

- kuyambitsa njira zowonongeka ndi zosagwedeza;

- agwiritseni ntchito monga njira yachiwiri yopangira zowonongeka;

- Kupindula kwa mapangidwe apamwamba.