Zochitika kusanthula: "Chipilala". Derzhavin GR

Munthu aliyense luso amamuchititsa kusiya chinachake kuseri, anakumbukira ndi mibadwo yambiri ya ana. Andakatulo panthawi zosiyanasiyana mu ndakatuloyi mobwerezabwereza ankanena za muyaya, kuyesera kulosera zimene zinam'chitikira akuyembekezera ntchito zawo. Ngakhale Homer Horace odzipereka ode wake nkhani zofanana, ankakonda philosophize ndi kuganizira za tsogolo la ntchito yake, olemba Russian. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin. "Chipilala", kusanthula zomwe zimathandiza kuti mudziwe zambiri za classicism Russian, linalembedwa mu 1795. ndakatulo imeneyi akutamanda mabuku Soviet, limene anakwanitsa kukhala losavuta kumvetsa.

Gabriel Derzhavin - classicist

Gabriel Derzhavin ankakonda kwambiri wa Mfumukazi Catherine Wachiwiri, iye anadzipereka ndi ode kwa iye "Felitsa", koma moona ntchito yake kuyamikiridwa atamwalira wolemba kwambiri.

Wolemba ndakatulo, iye anali kuimira otchuka classicism, monga anatengera mwambo European lolembapo ntchito kalembedwe chapamwamba, koma pa nthawi yomweyo iye anawapanga iwo zambiri zolankhula, kupanga ndakatulo yosavuta zomveka kwa amayendedwe onse a moyo akulankhula za kusanthula zolembalemba .

"Chipilala" Derzhavin anapeka cholinga cha kutamanda mabuku Russian, amene anatha adzikonzenso ndi zichoke kukumbatira zolimba wa classicism. Mwatsoka, ofufuza molakwika ndakatulo, ndi woyambitsa wa flurry wa zoipa - iye mlandu kudzitamandira zimabwezera kunyada. Gavriil Romanovich analimbikitsa otsutsa kunyalanyaza kalembedwe kumusangalatsa, ndi kuganizira tanthauzo la vesi limene anasonyeza anali yekha.

Analysis Derzhavin ndakatulo "Chipilala" kumatithandiza kuzindikira kuti wolemba kuthamanga chakuti kunapezeka kuti Russian ndakatulo umunthu. Mu ntchito zake, wolemba ndakatulo limanena kuti anamangapo chipilala cha chikumbutso chake "pamwamba mapiramidi" ndi "zitsulo firmer", izo sadzawononga kapena mphepo, kapenanso zaka, chifukwa ali a uzimu osati chuma zakuthupi. Gavriil Romanovich moona mtima amafuna kuti mibadwo ya m'tsogolo kuzindikira ntchito yake ndi zopereka mabuku dziko. Koma wolemba si nkhawa kwambiri za mbiri yake ndi za mumaganiza latsopano ndakatulo, izo zikutsimikiziridwa ndi ntchito za kusanthula izi.

"Chipilala" Derzhavin analemba kuti owerenga akasangalala kukongola kwa kalembedwe ndakatulo, amene anali kukhala zomveka yekha ku bwalo yochepa ya anthu. Ndakatulo anaona kuti mbali yaikulu "ya imfa idzakhala moyo," ndipo anthu ngakhale mazana angapo adzakumbukira za iye. Gavriil Romanovich ankafunitsitsa anali otsatira ake, amene anatha kupitiriza ntchito. Zimaonekeratu, m'pofunika kuchita Khadili ndakatuloyi. "Chipilala" Derzhavin kwenikweni anamanga yekha zazikulu ndi cathu, kuyima kwa zaka zambiri.

Unikirani geniuses wamng'ono

Gavriil Romanovich anakhala Mlangizi pa Zauzimu woyimba otchuka monga Pushkin ndi Lermontov, zinali chitsanzo kwa iwo kutsatira. Derzhavin ankafuna kuphunzitsa m'badwo wa m'tsogolo andakatulo "choonadi mafumu akuti ndi kumwetulira" ndi "kuyera mtima kulankhula za Mulungu." Wolemba akulakalaka kufa Russian ndakatulo - ndi chimene chikusonyeza kusanthula zolembalemba. "Chipilala" Derzhavin analemba kuuzira olemba ndakatulo achinyamata kuti alembe zimene aliyense strata mavesi anthu, ndipo anakwaniritsa cholinga chake.