Zojambula za m'zaka za zana la 19: kulongosola ndi kufotokoza

Zomangamanga za m'zaka za zana la 19 ndilo cholowa chambiri cha gulu lonse lapansi. Kodi nyumbayi ndi yofunikira bwanji monga Katolika ya Khristu Mpulumutsi mumzindawu kapena General Staff ku St. Petersburg! Popanda nyumbazi, sitingathe kuganiziranso mapulani a mizindayi.

Zomangamanga za ku Russia za m'zaka za zana la 19 zimakhala ndi machitidwe monga classicism, ufumu - gawo lotsiriza la chitukuko cha kalembedwe, komanso chikhalidwe cha Russian-Byzantine. Kodi ndizomwe zili zotsatilazi? Tsopano ife tizilingalira izo. Classicism ndikopa chidwi kwa kale, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti izi ndi nyumba zazikuru, nthawi zambiri ndi zipilala.

Zomangamanga za m'zaka za m'ma 1800 zikuyimiridwa ndi nyumba zotsatirazi.

St. Petersburg:

• Smarny Institute ndi zomangamanga za Academy of Sciences zinamangidwa Quarenghi. Mwinamwake, awa ndiwo okhawo nyumba za m'ma 1800 m'mawu awa.

Moscow:

• Pano simungathe kulemba za Triumphal Gates, nyumba ya Bolshoi Theatre, Manezh ndi Alexander Garden - awa ndi nyumba zomwe pokhapokha ngati likulu lathu silidzakhalanso lofanana. Zomangamanga za ku Moscow m'zaka za m'ma 1900 m'kachitidwe ka classicism zinayimilidwa ndi akatswiri okongola monga Beauvais ndi Gillardi. Bolshoi Theatre ndi chizindikiro cha luso la Russia ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu mpaka lero, ndipo Gulu la Triumphal, lomwe linakhazikitsidwa pofuna kulemekeza chipambano pa Napoleon, limapanga chithunzi cha ukulu ndi mphamvu ya amayi athu. Kwa chidziwitso cha Gilardi nkofunikira kuyika Bungwe la Atrasti ndi malo a Kuzminki.

Ufumu - njira yotsatirayi m'makonzedwe a zaka za m'ma 1900. Iyi ndi siteji yotsiriza ya chitukuko cha masewero. Chikhalidwe chimayimilidwa mowirikiza m'misewu ya chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha Russia:

• Zakharov adamanganso Admiralty, yomwe imakhala imodzi mwa zizindikiro za mzindawo; Chipatala cha Kaonan cha Voranikhin chimaphiphiritsira Nevsky Prospekt, ndipo Mining Institute ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa chitukuko cha malangizo awa.
• K. Rossi - mmodzi mwa anthu opanga mapulani a ku Old Palmyra, Nyumba yake ya Mikhailovsky inakhala nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zachi Russia (Russia Museum) - malo osungira miyambo yonse ya dziko lathu. Kumanga kwa General Staff, kumanga nyumba ya Senate ndi Synod - zonsezi sizomwe zimangokhala pamodzi mumzindawu, komanso ndizofunikira kwambiri.
• Kukongola kwakukulu kwa Montferrand ndi Cathedral ya St. Isaac's. Mu nyumba yayikuluyi, yaikulu yomwe simungathe kuthandizira kukondana: zonsezi ndi kukongoletsa kwa tchalitchichi zimakupangitsani kuti muzisangalala ndi chisangalalo. Ntchito ina ya luso la zomanga nyumbayi inali Alexander Column.

Zomangamanga za m'zaka za zana la 19 zinayimilidwanso ndi Russo-Byzantine kalembedwe, makamaka ku Moscow. Zotchuka kwambiri ndi nyumba zotsatirazi:

• Katolika ya Khristu Mpulumutsi, Nyumba Yaikulu ya Kremlin ndi Khoti Lalikulu la Armory linalimbikitsa Kremlin (katswiri wa zomangamanga Ton).
• Nyuzipepala yamakedzana ya Sherwood inalola kuti Red Square akhale malo ofunikira kwambiri.

Motero, zomangidwe za zaka za m'ma 1800 ku Russia sizinangokhala zomangamanga. Nyumbazi zinasiyidwa m'mbiri yakale, m'malo awo zinthu zidakwaniritsidwa ndipo mafunso ofunika adathetsedwa. Popanda zipilala izi zomangamanga, sitingathe kulingalira dziko lathu.