Zokambirana ndi ... Ana omwe ali ndi vuto lowonetsa. Kukayikira mmaso

Nthawi zina, anthu amakhala ndi masomphenya awiri, omwe amatchedwa sayansi diplopia. Matendawa ndi ophthalmic, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri sakhala odziimira okha, koma amangochita chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za matenda ena. Ndikofunikira kudziwa molondola chifukwa cha diplopia ndikuchita chithandizo pofuna kupulumutsa masomphenya a wodwala ndikubwerera ku moyo wamba.

Njira ya matenda

Maso a anthu ali ndi makonzedwe ovuta komanso dongosolo lozindikira zinthu zozungulira, wotchedwa kuona. Kulankhula momveka bwino, ziwalo zathu za masomphenya zimaphatikizapo maso a maso omwe ali m'makona a maso ndi kukhala ndi cornea, lens, vitreous ndi membranes, mawiri awiri a minofu yosiyana yomwe imakhudza kuyenda kwa maso, ndi mapeto a ubongo omwe amakumana ndi ubongo.

Maso abwino amayenda molingana. Mapeto a mitsempha ya munthu aliyense payekha pa magawo a kachiwiri amachititsa chidwi kuchokera ku zinthu zomwe zimaoneka ku ubongo, kumene zithunzi ziwirizo zimagwirizananso. Ngati pali diplopia, kusonkhanitsanso uku kulibe, chifukwa kugwirizanitsa kayendetsedwe ka maso, kapena njira yofalitsira uthenga ndi mitsempha ya maso, kapena kusokonezeka kwa ubongo, imasokonezeka. Chotsatira chake, munthu amawona chinthu chimodzi kawiri, ndiko kuti, diso lakumanzere ndi lakumanja mosiyana. Nthawi zina mafano onsewa ndi ofanana, koma zimachitika kuti umodzi wa iwo ndi wowala, ndipo winayo ndi wosawonekera. Anthu ena ali ndi zinthu zakutali, pamene ena, mosiyana, amakhala pafupi, kapena onse awiri.

Zimayambitsa

Matenda ndi mavitamini amachititsa mpweya (orbit) ndipo minofu ya maso imayambitsa kuphulika kwa diplopia. Izi ndi izi:

• Njira zotupa;
• Zovuta (zovuta);
• Mimba ndi mavunda;
• Congenital pathologies.

Kukayikira kumaso kungakhalenso chifukwa cha mavuto omwe amatha kumapeto kwa mitsempha, monga:

• Anirysm ya amisiri a carotid;
• Kuvulala kumutu kwa makina.

Kuonjezera apo, pali matenda ena opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mitsempha yokhudza mitsempha ndi ndondomeko, momwe diplopia ikuwonekera. Izi ndi izi:

• Maningitis a etiology;
• Matenda a ubongo;
• Parotitis;
• Tetanus;
• Diphtheria;
• Rubella;
• Kumwa mowa kwambiri ndi mankhwala;
• Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso.

Kwa anthu ena, diplopia imakhala ndi mantha aakulu, amatsenga, komanso opaleshoni ya maso, matenda osokoneza bongo, cataract and retinal detachment.

Koma sizo zonse. Pali matenda angapo, chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zake ndi masomphenya awiri. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Matenda a shuga;
• Botulism;
• Multiple sclerosis;
• Thyrotoxicosis.

Zizindikiro

Chikhalidwe, pamene munthu ayamba kuona awiri m'malo mwa chinthu chimodzi, ndicho chizindikiro chowala kwambiri kuti matendawa aonekera diplopia. Zizindikiro zingakhalenso chizungulire, zovuta poyang'ana malo, mantha amanjenje. Pamene diplopia ndi yachiwiri, chiyambi chake chimakhala zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana. Kuphatikiza apo, chikhalidwe cha mawonekedwe angathe kudziwa ngati minofu ya maso imakhudzidwa, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, ndi yani. Choncho, ngati matendawa atagwira minofu yolunjika, munthuyo amawona zithunzi zofanana ziwiri, ndipo ngati oblique, ndiye kuti zinthuzo zikuwoneka kuti zimakhala pamalo amodzi. Kawirikawiri odwala amayendetsa mutu wawo ku minofu yomwe imakhudzidwa.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya diplopia. Mu binocular muwonekera, maso onsewo amagwira nawo mbali, koma m'modzi mwa iwo mawonekedwe amawonetsedwa, omwe amachititsa kuti ziwalozo zikhalepo. Chizindikiro kapena chizindikiro cha mtundu uwu ndi kubwezeretsa chithunzi chodziwika pamene diso limodzi latsekedwa. Momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito, chifaniziro chachiwiri chimayang'aniridwa ndi diso limodzi, monga momwe likufotokozera molunjika pa mfundo ziwiri za retina.

Ana omwe ali ndi vuto lowonongeka

Maganizo owona a dziko lozungulira ndilofunikira kwambiri pa chitukuko choyenera cha ana. Choncho, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti maso awo "agwire" molondola. Mwatsoka, kwa ana 20 aliwonse omwe ali ana a sukulu komanso ana 4 ophunzira ali ndi mwana mmodzi ali ndi vuto lowonetsa. Nthawi zambiri izi ndi izi:

• Kuwona mwachidule (myopia) ;
• Strabismus;
• Kufufuza Kwambiri (hypermetropia) ;
• Kusintha khungu;
• Astigmatism (masomphenya osadziwika).

Zokambirana, makamaka congenital, kwa ana ndizochepa. Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka chifukwa cha matenda kapena kuvulala kwa maso ndi mutu. Kwenikweni, izi ndizovunda mu kugwa ndi zotsatira (mwachitsanzo, mpira kapena snowball). Zotsatira zake, zitsulo za diso zawonongeka, ndipo nthawi zambiri - minofu ya maso. Ngati diplopia inali chifukwa cha vuto, mwanayo akhoza kukhala:

• Kutupa kwa maso;
• Exophthalmos (bulging) kapena enophthalmos (kumira) kwa maso a maso;
• Kusunthira kapena kuchepa kwa maso a maso;
• Chemosis ndi kufiira kwa conjunctiva;
• Nosebleeds.

Ana ang'onoang'ono omwe ali ndi vuto loona (congenital diplopia) sadziwa bwino m'danga, sangathe kunyamula chidole m'milembera ndikuchita zozizwitsa. Zonsezi ziyenera kuchenjeza makolo ndipo zimakhala chifukwa chomveka choitana dokotala.

Zofufuza

Monga lamulo, odwala (kupatulapo ang'onoting'ono) amadzifotokozera za masomphenya awiri. Dokotala ayenera kupitiliza kufufuza kuti adziwe chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ndi kupereka mankhwala. Pali mayesero angapo. Yoyamba ikutsatira zowunikira. Dokotala amatsogolera kuwala kwa mtundu wina, ndipo wodwala akulongosola malo omwe ali ndi zowala (ngati awawona awiri), amati pamene akuyandikira, amachoka. Malingana ndi mayankho awa, zimatsimikiziridwa kuti ndi minofu iti yomwe imakhudzidwa. Chiyeso chachiwiri ndi kukwiyitsa. Yachitatu, yolondola-yokonzedweratu, ikuchitidwa mothandizidwa ndi OK-1 ophthalmocoordometer. Kuwonjezera pamenepa, pakufufuza, malo a maso, maulendo awo, mawonekedwe a diso lakumanzere ndi lamanja, malo ndi maulendo a maso, "chiyeso choyang'ana", mawonekedwe owonetsera, kuwonekera kwa kuwala ndi maonekedwe akuyang'aniridwa.

Chithandizo

Atatsimikiza chifukwa cha kuyambira kwa diplopia, mankhwalawa amachitidwa mwina ndi mankhwala kapena opaleshoni. Ngati mawonedwe awiri kawiri sali oyamba, matenda opatsirana amachiritsidwa. Izi nthawi zambiri zimafuna kuchipatala. Pomwe akuchira, masomphenya awiri amatha pokhapokha. Ngati diplopia imachitika chifukwa cha kupsinjika mtima, opaleshoni ya ophthalmologist silingatheke. Nthawi zina zibwenzi zimayambitsa matenda a optic mitsempha, chithandizochi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi katswiri wa odwala matenda a ubongo, ndipo nthawi zina ndi katswiri wamagetsi. Nthawi zina, mankhwalawa amatha kuwongolera mwakachetechete pogwiritsa ntchito magalasi apadera ndi masewero olimbitsa thupi, omwe wodwala angathe kuchita pakhomo pawokha. Pali mitundu yambiri, malinga ndi mtundu wa diplopia.