Zovala Traditional anthu a m'dera Volga. zovala zachimuna ndipo akazi a anthu a kudera Volga

zovala Traditional anthu a m'dera Volga, komanso zonse zovala dziko kusonyeza dera chikhalidwe ndi anthu abwino. Volga - mtsinje yaitali, ndipo limayenda pamodzi m'malire ake Tingaone zikuchitika kusiyana chovala dziko.

kugwirizana

Maonekedwe zovala dziko zinachititsa makamaka miyambo ndi anthu a m'dera Volga, amene apangidwa mchikakamizo cha mmene chilengedwe komanso nyengo. Mbali khalidwe lililonse la zovala dziko ndi mapeto. Chokongoletsera, inayambira nthawi ya mbiri isanayambe, osati popanda chifukwa otchedwa zolemba zakale. Kukhulupirira makolo alembedwa mphinjiri analenga chito za ndi wa fuko kapena mtundu wina, ndipo anapatsidwa m'ma kwa atumwi. Kotero pali zilipo ziwembu, kutumikira monga nsalu ndi tsitsi, choyambirira Chalk zovala determinant anthu ena. Koma ngati mtsinje yaitali mu Europe zikugwirizana anthu onse a m'dera Volga, ndi mbali yaikulu ya zovala mitundu - malaya (makamaka akazi) - ndi ofanana ndi khalidwe mbali ya zovala zonse mitundu ya anthu a m'madera amenewa.

Common onse

Choncho, zovala miyambo ya anthu a m'dera Volga ndi chinthu chimodzi chofanana. Soviet katswiriyo ndi ethnographer Boris Alekseevich Kuftin anamutcha ndi "malaya odulidwa": malaya a mitundu yonse ya m'dera Volga alibe seams phewa. Inde, mitundu ina, monga Aroma akale kapena Japanese, palibe seams phewa. Chifukwa cha ichi makamaka zinthu wosazindikira imene kunali kofunika kujambula kapena kujambula zovala, kapena chinachake, koma satchula chakuti si zachilendo zovala zonse mwatsatanetsatane apo, inu simungakhoze ndi kusiyana mu madiresi dziko. Yemweyo, mwachionekere, anali zipangizo omwe ankasoka zovala - hemp ndipo fulakesi. Izo zikhoza kapadera kuti ngale madzi ndi mayi a ngale wosweka anapezazo ntchito mu zovala zonse Volga. Kwenikweni zovala miyambo ya anthu a m'dera Volga: Mordovia, ndi Chuvash, Chitata Anthu a Volga Middle ndi Samara - amasiyana Chrixitu.

Erzya ndi Moksha

Yerekezerani, tiyeni tione kaye Mordovia suti. Mtundu uliwonse, magwero ake nkhaniyi yosiyanasiyana. Mordvinians, halving subethnos (Moksha ndi Erzya, ndi zinenero zawo), ndi Finno-Ugric anthu. Only gawo limodzi amakhala Mordovia, ndipo ena - m'madera oyandikana ndi mu Russia. Amadzinenera makamaka Orthodox, koma pali Molokans ndi Achilutera. Ndipo izi zonse kwa zaka anapanga zovala dziko ndipo zinaonetsera iwo. Izo ziyenera ananena kuti madzi akhala ndi ankadutsa yekha yolumikiza anansi. Kulumikizana ndi mzake, anthu a Volga anabwereka miyambo wina ndi mzake, miyambo, maphikidwe, chakudya dziko, adapanga yodziwa miyambo, panatenga miyambo ya zovala ndi zodzikongoletsera.

Kusiyana masuti, ngakhale mkati mwa mtundu womwewo

Ndipo anapanga zovala miyambo ya anthu a m'dera Volga. Mordovia zosamvetsetseka wamkazi zovala, ndi amuna - losavuta ndi yabwino. Mwina kudziŵika kuti mokshanki dziko zovala ankavala zonse ndipo erzyanki - yekha pa maholide. Ndipo si kusiyana kokha, ngakhale mu zovala za mtundu limodzi. General ndipo mtheradi kuti iwo ndi woyera chinsalu mtundu, wosemedwa wa malaya ake, pamaso pa mikanda ndalama zodzikongoletsera zipolopolo, komanso madiresi ndi nsalu kokha. Zovala zachimuna wopepuka ndi ofanana kwambiri ku Russian zovala - malaya untucked, mathalauza wake tucked mu leggings. Panhard ndi ponkst (shati ndi kabudula) tsiku lililonse zinali za chamba, tchuthi - fulakesi.

mbali Amafuna

Mbali yaikulu ya zovala anali lamba, kapena Karksi, chimene nthawizonse belted malaya. Iye Ufumuyo zofunika kwambiri. Linapangidwa zambiri chikopa anali clasp zazing'ono ngati mphete kapena kwambiri chokongoletsedwa. Iwo anali inaimitsidwa pa lamba kapena zida, kapena zipangizo, mu lamba wa ankhondo wolemekezeka. Pa malaya m'chilimwe cha Mordovia amuna ankavala kuwala koyera mwana undershirt (mushkas - pa Moksha rutsya - pa Erza) m'nyengo yozizira - caftan ngati Russian ndi odula, molunjika odulidwa, ndi zazitali manja, kukoma kwakukulu ndi kolala lonse, kapena kudula-mu chovala m'chiuno nkhosa. The mipango ambiri anali felted zipewa (loyera kapena lakuda) ndi minda kakang'ono, ndipo kenako monga Russian, zisoti fakitale yozizira - ubweya chipewa kapena Malaki. Pa mapazi ake nsapato ndi phazi kumanga kapena leggings, pa maholide - nsapato. Easy ndi yabwino. Koma kuti kubvala Mordovia mkazi anatenga maola angapo, ndi ogwira awiri kapena atatu.

mbali yapadera

Traditional shati yoyera, nsalu, Moksha akhala wamfupi, choncho kwenikweni anawonjezera mathalauza. lamba molemera nsalu kuchokera Erzyas m'malo Pulayya - m'chiuno chokongoletsera mikanda, sequins, mikanda, unyolo. Choyamba mtsikana erzyanka ankavala pa tsiku zakubadwa ndipo asamangokhala isanafike pantchito. The maholide kwambiri pamwamba pa izi zonse kuvala lamba wa mikanda ndi mphonje wofiira, umene mbali tuck matawulo zapamwamba. Iye ankatchedwa selge pulogay. Ndipo Moksha akazi lamba zokongoletsera anali Kesko rutsyat, amavala monga ndalama zochepa komanso molemera kwambiri chokongoletsedwa. Choncho, zikuonekeratu kuti zovala miyambo ya anthu a m'dera Volga anali nazo zosiyana kwambiri ngakhale mwa mtundu womwewo. Ndipo maonekedwe ndi chikhalidwe cha avale ankatha kudziwa kudziwa pafupifupi zaka mkazi, chuma chawo ndi dziko.

outerwear

Pamwamba pa zonse za mtundu pamwamba pa Mordovia akazi ankavala sundress - kafton-krda. Nthawi zina ankavala zovala rutsyu kupeta amatikumbutsa bulandi kutalika pamwamba bondo. Ndi kudula ndi mtundu pa timagulu boma mafuko osiyana, komanso leggings. Zipewa anali nyumba zovuta zimene zimasonyeza zaka, m'banja ndi chuma chawo. Kwa iwo, kuti anadzipereka zodzikongoletsera. Demi-nyengo zovala anali Sumann, monganso amuna. M'nyengo yozizira akazi ankavala nkhosa malaya ndi zambiri ruffles pansi kudula m'chiuno. Nsapato kwa anthu si osiyana kwambiri. Ndipo, ndithudi, akazi ankavala zodzikongoletsera, mokshanki mphete chikhalidwe, mikanda, zibangili anawonjezera bibs. Wina angawonjezere kuti mu XIX atumwi ku Mordovia zovala akazi yawonjezedwa thewera lapansi. Pa chitsanzo cha zovala za fuko dziko limasonyeza kuti anthu a Volga zovala wamkazi chiwerengero cha zinthu, intricacies ndipo zosiyanasiyana zokometsera ndi zowonjezera kwambiri upambana suti ya anthu, ndi zovala akazi a mitundu ina kwambiri chosavuta Mordovia.

mfundo yowala

anthu Turkic (achiwiri kukula mu Russia) Chitata m'magulu atatu ethno-Kupititsa, mmodzi amene ali Volga-Ural. Onsewo ali osiyana ndi mzake, kuphatikizapo zovala anthu. Poyerekeza zovala miyambo ya anthu a m'dera Volga, ndi Chitata tingaone yomweyo. Iye ali zipewa pointy oposa adzakhale Buluku lonse ndi lonse sitepe beshmets ndi nsapato wokongola kwambiri embossed chikopa kapena veleveti nsalu. Yodziwika ndi lonse ndi malaya, bulauzi ndi zamphepo mu m'chiuno. Molunjika malaya ndi manja buluu, kudula phewa, kapena Chekmenev, amatikumbutsa zovala wakale Turkic. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti kuwala Chalk national anthu, omwe ndi zovala chikhalidwe, pambuyo njira yaitali chitukuko mbiri, wateteza pokumbukira makolo.

Mbali khalidwe la zovala za

Mbali wamba zovala zonse Chitata ankaona trapezoidal mawonekedwe ake (kumbuyo nthawi zonse pritalivalas) ndi kukhalapo kwa onse amuna ndi malaya akazi zovala (kulmek) ndi kabudula (yshtan). sheti akazi unali wosiyana okha kutalika - nthawizina chifikira akakolo. Chitata malaya wosiyana malaya ena malaya aphatikizidwa zovala zonse miyambo ya anthu a m'dera Volga, m'lifupi ndi m'litali (anthu akafika ku maondo) ndi kuima mmwamba kolala. Mu akazi pansi mkanjo wake, amene, monga ulamuliro, anali kudula kwambiri, ndinkasangalala ndi nsalu yapamtima. Olemera Chitata anali malaya anapanga nsalu mtengo kunja. Mathalauza kusiyana ndi chakuti anthu anapangidwira nsalu milozo (pestryad), akazi - kuchokera kumveka.

kaso kuphweka

Outerwear: Cossack, malaya ndi chekmen - anali Zapashnyy, mawonekedwe-koyenera ndi kumbuyo yofunika. Mu amuna, palinso anali caftan kukaona mzikiti. Kuvomerezedwa khalidwe ndi lamba. Ndipo zovala akazi pamwamba ndi losiyana ndi zokongoletsa wamwamuna kokha, kumene ntchito ubweya, kuluka, nsalu ndi kukongoletsa ulusi. Poganizira zovala miyambo ya anthu a m'dera Volga (Chitata Mwachitsanzo), tingayandikire mapeto otsatirawa: Kodi zovala wamkazi amuna ndi si yovuta kwambiri, izo sizimapanga iwo zochepa wokongola. Amasiyana lililonse zina kukongoletsa ndi shati, zomwe zina akufanana kani kavalidwe flounces. Mbali yaikulu ya kavalidwe mtundu wa gulu mitundu ndi kuti umakhudza izi moyo anthu, kuti kusanduka kwa zaka zambiri ndipo analenga lonse mitundu ya anthu ammudzi.

Zigwirizane Samara Volga

Samara Volga anthu zovala mitundu osauka ndi wolemera ndi chomwecho. Kumasiyana chipango, zipangizo, kukongola, dearness zokongoletsa. Mu Samara, kupatula Russian, Ukrainians moyo Chuvash ndi Chitata zambiri. Choncho, zovala miyambo ndi anthu a dera Samara Volga sizikusiyana kwambiri. Choncho, akazi onse a shati kulmek kumbuyo zovala za Samara Chitata dziko, ogaŵikana mitundu itatu. The oyamba ndi chimodzimodzi malaya pamwamba - lonse, molunjika, amafanana ndi anthu. Iwo ali mwachindunji gulu lalikulu ndi mbali ziwiri, flaring, mwachindunji, chikopa maliboni ang'ambe thupilo mu chifuwa. Manja yothandizana crotch, Betelehemu Betelehemu anali shuttlecock. kulmeki onse anali yaitali. Mu mtundu wachiwiri wa malaya flounces anakwera m'chuuno, m'chiuno nthawi zina pamtima. Kulmek mtundu wachitatu ngati kavalidwe ndi goli.

Ovuta zovala m'chigawo Volga

umembala mokakamiza ndi chimbudzi wamkazi anali camisole, amene ali wolema pa kulmeka ndi shilsya nsalu lolemera. Chinthu chapadera ndi ubwenzi CHIFUWA-khosi zokongoletsera nduwira. akazi achikulire ankavala mtundu, kukongoletsa tambour nsalu headscarf - orpek. Unsembe wa atavala headscarf akhoza kudziwa gulu ali ndi Chitata mkazi: kuti Samara kapena Kazan Chitata. Samara suti amuna ankasiyana pang'ono m'mphepete mwa zovala za anthu ena a m'dera Volga. Ndi kuti mbali kulmeka wedges anali onse, ndi chifukwa kuti anafanana zovala Cossacks. Pa malaya anali ankavala m'malo lalifupi odula ndi manja lalifupi, yotsirizira anali Cossack. Mderali Muslim amuna kuvala skullcaps molemera nsalu ndi mikanda, iwo anali yokongola chomera.

mbali zapadera zovala Middle Volga

zovala National anthu a ku Middle Volga ofanana ndi zovala pamwambapa, chifukwa moyo kuno Russian, Chuvash, Mordovian ndi Chitata. Zovala akazi amakhala ndi ndi malaya chomwecho. Ndinavala ndi sundresses odulidwa osiyana kapena ponovoy - mapeyala siketi ndi Betelehemu zapamwamba. Chidutswa komaliza anali Shugay - yochepa ofunda jekete. Udindo wa zamphepo ndi, wolema pa shati, anatumikira navershnik ali kutali, shulpan kapena manja. The zovala wamwamuna linali losavuta choncho yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito: shati ndi lamba wa pamimba ndi madoko milozo tucked mu nsapato. Zima - ofunda odula ufulu.

Kupanda kusiyana kukwapula

Tinalibe kusiyana koonekeratu zovala miyambo ya anthu a m'dera Volga. Chuvash ndi zosiyana kwambiri, koma kuti mayina a ziwalo. onse chomwecho malaya malaya Chuvash ankatchedwa CCEE ndi kabudula ndi sitepe lonse - Yem. Akazi CCEE, chokongoletsedwa ndi nsalu wokongola, wolema ndi alipo pa m'chiuno, ndipo muvale (a thewera) pa shati. Zinali khalidwe chokongoletsera mabaji zitsulo ndi ndalama. Tuhya, mipango atsikana, ndi achilendo: mawonekedwe iye anali phirilo woboola pakati, wodzilemekeza mudzichonga ake (kudzikongoletsa, natsikira pa mphumi) ndi Zomverera ndi maliboni. Shawls Chitata Middle Volga otchedwa tuttar. Tikumbukenso kuti mipango iyi, makamaka kwa amayi, kusiyana ndi zovala miyambo ya anthu a m'dera Volga. Chuvash wamwamuna suti osiyana ndi ena ambiri mathalauza mtundu: iwo anali nthawi zonse zoyera, nsalu Mwachitsanzo pamodzi odulidwa zingakhale triangular mu mawonekedwe. appliqués outerwear ndi nsalu. Chokongoletsera chokongoletsedwa pachifuwa, anali fungo ndi Betelehemu. White pryamospinny shupar chobvala anali mikono yopapatiza.