Actinidia samoplodnye: kufotokoza, kubzala ndi chisamaliro

Actinidia samoplodnye chidwi kwambiri yokongola chomera. zipatso zake n'kopindulitsa kwambiri thanzi la munthu, zokoma ndi chonunkhira. Kukula ndi kusamalira zomera zosavuta. Komanso, Actinidia amapereka mbewu mkulu ndi khola chaka chilichonse. Zipatso amasiyana chofunika ndi portability kwambiri, akhoza kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali mu malo ozizira. Tsatanetsatane za kulima Actinidia ndi wokhutira kunyumba amaperekedwa pansipa.

Kufotokozera Actinidia samoplodnye

Chomera pamwamba maina angapo. Izi aquifolium Actinidia, ndi Actinidia samoplodnye, ndi kiwi, ndi chinanazi atinidiya. Zomera ndi, makamaka, zikusonyeza mtengo creeper amene amakhala okongola kukongoletsa maonekedwe ndi zipatso edible. Recent Mbali kwambiri mkulu zili mchere wofunika ndi mavitamini.

zomera amakhala ndi zokolola khola mkulu, okwanira chisanu kukana, ruggedness kwa zinthu kukula, kukana kuti matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.

Tikumbukenso kuti Actinidia samoplodnye sikutanthauza mbewu wamwamuna: izo bwino mungu yokha. Imeneyi ndi zomera monoecious akuyamba kubala zipatso kale mu chaka 4 mutabzala. Pa chitsamba munthu angalandire mpaka 9 makilogalamu zipatso.

actinidia zipatso akhoza kusungidwa mu firiji kwa miyezi 2, koma kusunga okhwima kutentha osiyanasiyana kuchokera 0 2 madigiri Celsius.

Features actinidia

Chomera pamwamba zotsatirazi ndi osiyana:

• Iwo ali msinkhu wa mamita 25 (Argut kalasi), 6 mamita (kolomikta view);
• mbiya awiri 5 cm;
• mkulu mbewu mlingo kukula kwa mphukira (pa nyengo ndi kwa 2 m);
• fibrous mizu, chigoba mizu;
• Zolemba malire kutentha pansi pa ziro, amene amakhala chomera Actinidia - ndi madigiri -30 Celsius;
• Kiwi, kuti unafika mu kubala, ndi zambiri ozizira zosagwira kuposa sanali mwankhanza;
• m'ma August - nyengo ya zipatso yakucha;
• zomera zipatso ndi kuzungulira kapena mawonekedwe oblong, ku kuwala mdima wobiriwira mu mtundu;
• kukoma kwa zipatso - kuchokera wowawasa-lokoma kwa lokoma insipid;
• photophilous chomera;
• Culture amakonda chinyezi, koma yambiri izo sizingakhoze kuyima;
• osavomerezeka kudulira masika.

Tikumbukenso kuti actinidia mbewu akhoza kukula bwino ndi zipatso zaka pafupifupi 30.

Zothandiza zimatha Actinidia

Zipatso za zomera pamwamba yopindulitsa kwambiri m'thupi la munthu. Mu kapangidwe kake zili:

• carotene, niacin, askorbinku, vitamini B5 ;
• polyphenols;
• mchere: potaziyamu, magnesium, calcium, phosphorous;
• zolimba;
• organic zidulo;
• pectins.

Tikumbukenso kuti zipatso za zomera zili nthawi 5 zambiri Vitamini C kuposa currants wakuda ndipo nthawi 10 kuposa citruses lapansi.

Zipatso izi kwambiri kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha m'thupi cha odwala hypertensive, anthu odwala matenda a shuga, okalamba ndi ana. Makamaka zothandiza kiwifruit odwala amene ali ndi mavuto masomphenya.

Mitundu samoplodnye Actinidia

Osatha zake mipesa kuli mitundu pafupifupi 30 mtundu wa. mitundu yonse ya Actinidia yodziwika ndi kuchulukana mkulu wa pachaka ndi wokongola kukongoletsa view. Amadziwika Russia zotsatirazi zomera pamwamba:

1. Argutovye:

• wosakaniza;
• Kiev lalikulu-fruited;
• lopotana;
• The September;
• Actinidia Argut samoplodnye.

2. Interspecies:

• Giralda;
• Mitala.

3. Kolomiktovye:

• chinanazi;
• Clara Zetkin;
• Samoplodnye Actinidia Kolomikta;
• Chigonjetso.

Kubereketsa zomera za zomera amapezeka ndi mphepo kapena tizilombo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ndondomeko imeneyi idzachitika pa mtunda mokwanira lalikulu: kwa theka kilometre. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu ina ya kolomiktovyh ndi interspecific mungu okha. Kololani Pankhaniyi akutuluka pang'ono.

Panthawi ina zake mipesa amatha kukula zaka zoposa 70.

Zokolola mipesa zimadalira mtundu wake. Argutovye kupereka ndalama wamkulu wa zipatso - mpaka makilogalamu 250, kolomiktovye - okwana kuti makilogalamu 3. Komanso, osiyana kulemera ndi zipatso kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, ndi kulemera kwa zipatso mitala 6 GR.

Posachedwapa ku America obereketsa anabweretsa zosiyanasiyana watsopano actinidia dzina lake kiwi. Kotero iye akhoza kubala zipatso masekeli mpaka magalamu 330.

Koma zokolola, zosiyanasiyana za Giralda ndi onse kolomiktovye zipatso pamodzi mochedwa August, ndi zina - mpaka m'ma September. Ngakhale, ngati inu mukufuna kuti apeze kwambiri mu dzuwa zipatso, kuchotsa kiwi pafupi ndi chisanu.

Ngati zokolola anali anasonkhana pa kutentha boma ziro, sichidzalandiridwa yaitali kusungidwa mu firiji.

kubalana actinidia

Chomera pamwamba zimafalitsidwa ndi cuttings ndi mbewu. stratification mbewu ikuchitika kwa miyezi 2. mbewu steamed kutsogolo kwa ndondomekoyi. Ndiye iwo ali osokonezeka ndi mchenga ndi mopepuka moisten. Kenako, mbewu wokutidwa minofu ndi anaika mu chipinda yozizira kumene kutentha ayenera anakhalabe pafupifupi +5 madigiri Celsius. Analimbikitsa tsiku mphindi khumi ndi zisanu kumulowetsa iwo firiji.

Pambuyo ndondomeko pamwambapa, stratification wa mbeu anabzala mu nthaka kuwala imene chisanadze steamed. Mphukira kuoneka oyambirira zokwanira: mu masabata awiri. M'chaka choyamba iwo kukula pang'onopang'ono. Koma iwo osavomerezeka chifukwa chilichonse kudyetsa.

mbande Young wa Actinidia m'nyengo yozizira loyamba ndi bwino kuika malo ozizira. Anabzala zofunika yekha m'chaka oyambirira.

Ngati Actinidia zimafalitsidwa ndi cuttings, izo tikulimbikitsidwa kudula iwo ndi masamba awiri kapena atatu. Komanso kusiya adzafupikitsidwa chapamwamba tsamba. Cuttings analimbikitsa kuvala tsiku mu kapu ya madzi otchezedwa. Pakumala iwo zingabzalidwe mu chidebe ndi gawo lapansi ndi. Monga yotsirizira angagwiritsidwe ntchito bwinobwino peat kapena mchenga. Zofunika: Kodi tisagone ndi gawo lapansi tsamba Mphukira! Pambuyo chodzala ndi cuttings ayenera madzi ndi madzi ndi chikuto filimu.

Ndi cuttings bwino mizu, ndikofunikira kupereka zinthu kutentha (18 madigiri Celsius) pamwamba chinyezi pafupifupi ndi mwayi dzuwa. Kamodzi pa tsiku tikulimbikitsidwa kuti utsi wa cuttings ndi mfuti kutsitsi.

Mbande kuti anali wamkulu kwa cuttings adzayamba kubala zipatso mu zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu.

Pansi zomera tatchulawa

Mbande ya Actinidia amakonda zosiyanasiyana dothi, kupatulapo dothi likukulira dongo, amene kufupi ndi madzi pansi. Obereketsa amalangiza kuchita zomera ngalande wabwino. Choncho, creepers mtengo yabwino anaika pa otsetsereka a kuda madzi, malo okwera. Izi ndi kuteteza stagnation madzi mizu ya zomera.

kukula kwambiri za Actinidia anati mu acidic ndi ofooka acidic ukala ndi kasakaniza organic nthaka. Koma Mulimonsemo iwo ayenera mulibe laimu. Chomera salola kuvala izi. Komanso pansi Actinidia si analimbikitsa kuti kashiamu mankhwala enaake.

Tikumbukenso kuti kutiletsa kumtunda pambuyo Actinidia Actinidia. Osafunika mnansi mbewu pamwamba ndi apulo. Ndi bwino kudzala Actinidia pafupi wakuda currant.

Mulimonsemo sanaloledwe kukumba wa nthaka padziko creeper mtengo. Kwambiri tingachite ndi kuchita ang'ono-ang'ono tithe kumvetsa kumasulira kwake.

Samoplodnye Actinidia kubzala ndi chisamaliro

Zimagwidwa anabzala m'chaka kuti akuya masentimita 70 mu lililonse wamaluwa dzenje akulangizidwa kuti pang'ono fetereza. Pafupifupi makilogalamu 10 a humus ndi alipidwa magalamu 100 a superphosphate. Tikumbukenso kuti ndegeyo Actinidia anachita oyambirira masika.

Pansi pa chitsime, choyamba muyenera kuika ngalande, monga amene akhoza kuchita miyala, njerwa ndi simenti kapena njerwa wosweka.

Zimagwidwa anabzala pa mtunda wa 2.5 m. Before kubzala mpesa mtengo mizu yake mu wasambitsa dongo ineyo ndizingolankhula.

Komanso, obereketsa amalangiza 10-15 zomera wamkazi kudzala mwamuna wina - chifukwa kubereketsa zomera bwino.

chifukwa actinides Care chiri motere:

1. Pamaso maluwa manyowa mtengo creeper phosphorous.
2. Yophukira kudyetsa Actinidia manyowa, zimene mchere potassium superphosphate, ndi ammonium nitrate.
3. Zothandiza kuphimbira zomera humus nthaka, utuchi kapena peat kama 12 cm.
4. Komanso, Actinidia yozizira akubisala, kuteteza kuzizira zomera wamng'ono.

Zikhalidwe za Actinidia

Chomera pamwamba ndi wodzichepetsa, koma umafuna chidwi cha ena. Tree climber wakonda kukula mu dzuwa, ngakhale kumverera bwino, ndi mu mthunzi.

Actinidia zili zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. Nkofunika kuti athandizire mbewu.
2. Perekani izo madzi owonjezera m'nyengo yotentha.
3. Pakati fruiting dothi mozungulira creeper mtengo akukhala ugonere.

Kudulira Actinidia samoplodnye

Zimenezi sizingasinthidwe anachita:

• mu kasupe oyambirira;
• kuyamwa otaya pa tima (chifukwa imfa ya madzi a mbewu amakhala ofooka);
• kumapeto kwa dzinja (zingayambitse impso n'kudzuka mphukira chaka panopa).

Nthawi yabwino kuti zikhale ndi nthawi pambuyo maluwa zomera. Komanso Actinidia kudulira ikuchitika ya masika. Panthawi imeneyi n'zotheka kuti woonda kunja zomera, kudula lotayirira nthambi, kuchotsa nsonga podmerzli a mphukira.

Tizirombo ndi matenda a Actinidia

Chomera zatchulidwazi kugonjetsedwa kwambiri matenda osiyanasiyana. Obereketsa onani matenda zotsatirazi zimene zingakhudze Actinidia:

• masamba fillostiktoz (bulauni mawanga);
• zipatso zowola pa zipatso za.

Tikumbukenso kuti zipatso amakhudzidwa ndi masamba anasonkhana ndi kuwononga kulimbana ndi matenda tatchulawa.

Oopsa tizilombo kwa Actinidia ndi amphaka amene amakonda kudziluma nthambi zanthete ndi mizu ya zomera kuyamwa. Choncho, n'kofunika zake mipesa kwa waya mpanda mauna, ndi chivundikiro pamwamba.

Calendar ntchito pa chisamaliro abovementioned chomera

Kotero kuti mbewu unakula mofulumira ndi zipatso mokwanira bwino, ndikofunika nthawi kugwira ntchito yanu pa chisamaliro ndi kusamalira Actinidia:

1. Mu April, zochotseka chivundikiro ndi okwera mtengo wamng'ono. Iyi ndi nthawi pamene tidakocheza imachitidwa Actinidia.
2. Mu May, alimi akulangizidwa kudyetsa mtengo creeper ndi feteleza organic. Komanso mwezi uno, izo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti kupalira Kupalira dothi mozungulira Actinidia. Ngati pali nyengo kouma, alimi akulangizidwa kuthirira mbewu ndi kuphimbira pansi May.
3. Mu June zofunika kupereka chomera kupeza zofunika kuchuluka kwa chinyezi. M'pofunikanso kucheza pang'ono tithe kumvetsa kumasulira nthaka ndi Kupalira. Pa nthawi iyi ikuchitika ndi sliced cuttings wobiriwira.
4. Mu July, kuwonjezera Kupalira, kulima ndi ulimi wothirira, n'kofunika zomangira mbewu. M'pofunikanso kuchotsa mphukira owonjezera.
5. Mu August yokolola. Mukakolola zipatso tikulimbikitsidwa manyowa mbewu ndi mchere ndi feteleza organic.
6. Mu September, nawonso kupita kukolola.
7. Mu October ndi November wa Actinidia kudulira ikuchitika, amene akutenga malo mapangidwe chitsamba. Ngakhale chomera pamwamba ndipo ali ndi kukana mkulu chisanu, m'pofunika kukakwera mipesa onse ndendende mtengo pogona wamng'ono m'nyengo yozizira kutentha subzero.

Zosangalatsa za Actinidia

Kodi mukudziwa kuti:

• amanena askorbinki ndi zipatso za zomera pamwamba akhoza kupikisana kuthengo kokha anauka;
• 1 kapena 2 zipatso za Actinidia kupereka thupi tsiku lamulo mavitamini C;
• mabulosi zomera 700 pamwamba pachaka chivundikiro askorbinku kufunika kwa anthu;
• banja la anthu 4 yokwanira mmodzi yekha chitsamba zake mipesa kupereka chiwalo mlingo wa pachaka wa vitamini C.

Monga ntchito Actinidia?

Zipatso za zomera pamwamba ntchito mwakhama kuphika. Kukolola iwo yozizira: zamzitini ndi zouma.

Chipatso cha Actinidia kukonzekera sachedwa chifukwa, Finyani madzi, kupanga cocktails. zipatso pamwamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito azikongoletsa chofufumitsa ndi maswiti ena ndiwo zochuluka mchere.

Wotchuka kwambiri nafota Actinidia kapena mphesa seedless, omwe akufanana chikuoneka zouma mphesa (zoumba).

Kumalongeza zipatso Actinidia akatswiri amavomereza kuwonjezera citric acid, monga kale kukonzedwa mawonekedwe, ali ndi kukoma ndi acidity wofatsa.

Samoplodnye Actinidia - chomera osati kukometsera infield, komanso kupereka chokoma ndi zothandiza zipatso. Izi zikungofanana ndi godsend kwa wamaluwa wofuna.