Amene analemba Pinocchio? nkhani ana kapena chopusitsira luso

Amene analemba "Pinocchio"? Funso limeneli kuyankha ambiri owerenga mibadwo yonse tikukhala mu Soviet Union. "The Golden Ofunika, kapena Zopatsa Chidwi cha Pinocchio" - ndi dzina lonse la mbiri-nthano analemba Soviet zapamwamba Alexei Tolstoy, pa nthano Karlo Kollodi "The Zopatsa Chidwi cha Pinocchio".

Popeza Kubwera kwa nthano Tolstoy anayamba kutsutsana - icho chiri, galamafoniyo, olembedwa mofotokozera, kumasulira, chithandizo zolembalemba? Ngakhale mu ukapolo ku 1923-24 Alexey anaganiza zomasulira nthano za Collodi, koma maganizo ena ndi mapulani kuulanda, ndi vicissitudes la tsoka munthu anachotsa kutali buku la anawo. Pakuti Pinocchio Tolstoy anabwerera Patapita zaka khumi. Nthawi anali kale moyo wina zinthu zasintha - anabwerera Russia.

Tolstoy anali chabe anadwala matenda a mtima ndi anatenga nthawi yochepa mwa ntchito zolimba trilogy wake buku "Njira ya ku Kalvare". Zachilendo kunena amayamba kutsatira enieni storyline gwero, koma kusunthira kutali zinasokoneza ndi kutali, ngati iye anali mmodzi amene analemba Pinocchio, kapena anali kusinthidwa Pinocchio, mukhoza amati ndi kupanga mabuku. Wolemba sanafune kuti mbiri zawo kudzera moralizing, monga izo zinali pa Collodi. Alexei yekha amakumbukira kuti kuyesa poyamba kumasulira Italy, koma adatuluka kosangalatsa. Ine anamukankha ndi reworking kwakukulu kwa nkhani S. Ya. Marshak. Buku limeneli anamaliza mu 1936.

Ndipo Tolstoy zimapangitsa Pinocchio ndi anzake osiyana kwambiri kuposa ngwazi za nthano za Pinocchio. wolemba ankafuna owerenga kumva mzimu zosangalatsa, masewera, ulendo. Ine ndiyenera kunena, iye akupambana. Kotero kuli mizere nkhani moto, chojambulidwa pa nsalu, akale, chachinsinsi chitseko, zobisika pansi, chinsinsi golide, amene akuyembekezera amasewera ndipo ndi kutsegula chitseko mwachinsinsi.

Sitingathe kunena kuti mu nthano konse moralizing maxims. Yense yemwe analemba Pinocchio, anali mlendo kwa iwo. Choncho, mnyamata matabwa limaphunzitsa Cricket moyo mu chipinda Papa Carlo (achabechabe!), Ndipo msungwana Malvina, amenenso Amatseka ndi ngwazi wolakwa mu chipinda. Ndipo ngati mnyamata aliyense, mwamuna matabwa amayesetsa kuchita zonse yekha. Kenako iye akuzindikira yekha pa zolakwa zawo. Ndimo momwe izo zifika m'manja mwa akuba - nkhandweyo Alice ndi Cat Basilio - kufuna patsogolo mofulumira. Wotchuka Field ya Maloto mu dziko la Opusa, mwina wotchuka kwambiri nthano mafanizo, ngakhale osati mmodzi yekha Golden Ofunika yokha ndi ofunika chinachake!

Storyline Karabas-Barabas, exploiter zidole amene akufuna kupeza chitseko chinsinsi, amatenga ngwazi wathu khomo chinsinsi, kuseri kwake ndi yatsopano "Mphezi" chidole zisudzo. Masana zidole anyamata adzaphunzira ndi kusewera madzulo umagwira.

Popularity chagwera Tolstoy a zosaneneka. Ana nazizwa amene analemba Pinocchio, ali osangalala kuwerenga bukulo, si mu USSR tinalisindikizanso nthawi 148, wakhala akumasuliridwa m'zinenero zambiri, nthawi zambiri anaipanga filimu. Woyamba filimu anatengera linatulutsidwa mu 1939, filimu unatsogolera A. Ptushko.

nthano Tolstoy ndi chidwi akuluakulu. Master stylist ndi chiphwete, wolemba amatanthauza Fonvizinskaya "ignoramus" (Pinocchio phunziro ntchito ndi maapulo), pakamwa, amene analemba khalidwe - ndi palindrome Feta: "duwa unagwera pa mwendo wa Azor", mu mawonekedwe a Karabas-Barabas kuwona parody chinachake pa Nemirovich-Danchenko, pa Meyerhold, ndi chakuti Piero anakopera ku Blok, anatchula ofufuza ambiri zolembalemba.

Odala Soviet ubwana fudge "Golden Ofunika" ndi koloko, "Pinocchio", tsopano kodi izo anaitana mtundu otchuka.

Ndipo komabe ana ndi makolo kuwerenga mobwerezabwereza nthano kuti limaphunzitsa mtima popanda kumangiriza yosasangalatsa.