Amene nyenyezi machitidwe kulibe?

Nyenyezi onse zosowa, mitundu yonse ya nyenyezi ndi zofunika ... Koma si onse nyenyezi mu mlengalenga ali yemweyo? Oddly zokwanira, palibe. kachitidwe Star ndi dongosolo losiyana ndi gulu osiyana zigawo zake. Ndipo ngakhale kunawala mu dongosolo ena akhoza kukhala kuposa wina. Ndi tsiku ili mu malo oyamba ndi asayansi wolemekezeka wa Way machitidwe Nyenyezi.

Akuyendera mwachindunji gulu la, m'pofunika kuti anthu amvetse ambiri ayankhidwa. Choncho, dongosolo nyenyezi - mayunitsi ndi galactic wapangidwa ndi nyenyezi Kukhazikika mukukonzeratu pa njira anakhazikitsa ndi zogwirizana gravitationally. Komanso, pali dongosolo mapulaneti, wopangidwa Nayenso asteroids ndi maiko. Mwachitsanzo, chitsanzo zoonekeratu dongosolo nyenyezi - Dzuwa, bwino kwa ife.

Komabe, si Way lonse ladzala ndi machitidwe oterewa. kachitidwe Star amasiyana makamaka multiplicity. Zikuonekeratu kuti kuchuluka ichi ndi operewera kwambiri, kuyambira nthawi yaitali dongosolo ndi nyenyezi atatu kapena kuposa wofanana kulibe. Bata akhoza kungakupatseni yekha ndi utsogoleri wolowezana. Chotero kuti chigawo chachitatu si nyenyezi anali "kunja chipata", iye sadzabwera pafupi ndi dongosolo khola wapawiri kwambiri kuposa 8-10 radii. Sikuti chifukwa kukhala wosakwatiwa - izi zikhoza kukhala nyenyezi awiri. Cacikulu, nyenyezi 100 pozungulira makumi atatu - wosakwatiwa, makumi asanu ndi awiri - awiri, makumi awiri ndi zitatu - pindani.

nyenyezi angapo

Mosiyana ndi magulu nyenyezi ndi multiples wa inakula mwagwirizana yokoka Kuthetsa, nthawi yomweyo pang'ono Chrixitu. Iwo ikuyenda pamodzi, likuzungulira pakati yokoka ya kachitidwe kawo - otchedwa barycenter.

Chitsanzo chabwino ndi Mizar, kudziwika kwa ife ndi a Big wonyika. M'pofunikanso powasamalira ake "chogwirira" - nyenyezi pa avareji. Apa muona ndi chowala mdima wa nsapato yake. Mizar-Alcor - bayinare nyenyezi, n'zotheka kuona popanda zipangizo zapadera. Ngati inu ntchito makinawa, zimaonekeratu kuti iye Mitsar- pawiri, wopangidwa mwa zigawo A ndi B.

nyenyezi bayinare

kachitidwe Star imene nyali ziwiri anawulula, wotchedwa awiri. Chotero dongosolo adzakhala wosasunthika ngati palibe zotsatira osefukira, kulanda Unyinji wa nyenyezi ndi kusokonezeka kwa magulu ena. Kuwala avundulidwe pamodzi ndi kanjira elliptical pafupifupi umasinthasintha Kukhazikika mukukonzeratu mozungulira malo ake a unyinji wa dongosolo.

Zooneka awiri nyenyezi

nyenyezi amapasa kuti Tingaone ndi zakutali, kapena ngakhale popanda zipangizo otchedwa binaries zithunzi. Alpha Centauri Mwachitsanzo, chotero dongosolo. Nyenyezi kuthambo molemera zitsanzo ngati zimenezi. Nyenyezi chachitatu cha dongosolo - yapafupi zonse ndi zathu - Proxima Centauri. Nthawi zambiri, ngati awiri amachepetsa amasiyana mtundu. Choncho, Antares ali ndi ofiira ndi obiriwira nyenyezi Albireo - buluu ndipo lalanje, Yoyeserera Cygni - chikasu ndi wobiriwira. Zonse zinthu n'zosavuta kusunga mu refracting zakutali kuti amalola akatswiri kwa molimba kuwerengera ndondomeko ya nyenyezi, liwiro lawo ndi malangizo.

Spectroscopic binaries

Nthawi zambiri likukhalira kuti nyenyezi imodzi ndi dongosolo nyenyezi kufupi kwambiri kwa ena. Moti ngakhale makinawa amphamvu kwambiri si ankatha kugwira duality awo. Pankhaniyi, chithandizo abwera spectrometer. Podutsa kuwala chipangizo ali decomposed mu sipekitiramu delimited ndi mizere wakuda. magulu awa ankatembenukira ndi kuyandikira kapena kuchotsa nyale kwa woyang'anira. Pamene yowonjezera sipekitiramu wa nyenyezi bayinare tili mizere iwiri, kusuntha chisonyezo cha zigawo zonse padziko mzake. Choncho, Mizar A ndi B, Alcor - spectroscopic bayinare. Pa nthawi yomweyo iwo amagwiritsidwa Integrated mu dongosolo lalikulu la nyenyezi zisanu ndi chimodzi. Monga zowoneka awiri zigawo Kasitolo - nyenyezi mu kuwundana Gemini - ndi spectroscopic bayinare.

binaries chimaonekadi

Pali mu Way ndi machitidwe ena nyenyezi. Mwachitsanzo, zigawo zikuluzikulu zomwe amalimbikitsidwa kuti ndege ya zawozo pafupi mzere akuona ya pamaso pa dziko lapansi. Zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti zimalepheretsa mzake, kupanga kadamsana mangawawo. Pa aliyense wa iwo ife tikhoza kuwona limodzi lokha la matupi, potero kuchepetsa nzeru zawo wonse. Kukachitika kuti wina wa nyenyezi ndi yaikulu kuchepetsa ili ndi tanthauzo lapadera.

Mmodzi wa binaries wotchuka ndinasintha - Algol mu kuwundana Perseus. Ndi intervals yeniyeni maola 69, kuwala kwake akutsikira mtengo wachitatu, koma pambuyo maola 7 kumawonjezera kachiwiri kwa mphindi. nyenyezi mChipangano "umachititsa mdierekezi." Anatulukira iye anali akadali mu 1782 ndi England John Goodricke.

Ndi zambiri za padziko lathuli bayinare nyenyezi zimawoneka ngati variable, amene pambuyo nthawi inayake imeneyi amasintha kuwala, amene chikugwirizana ndi nthawi nyenyezi pafupi wina ndi mnzake. nyenyezi zimenezi zimatchedwa akadali ndinasintha variable. Kupatula izi, pali zosintha thupi la dziko - tsifeidy, kuwala kwa amene malamulo ndi ndondomeko mkati.

The zamoyo wa nyenyezi bayinare

Nthawi zambiri, mmodzi wa nyenyezi ya dongosolo bayinare ndi zazikulu, mofulumira kudutsa moyo wake ndinapatsidwa mkombero. Pamene nyenyezi chachiwiri yachibadwa ake "theka" inasanduka chimphona wofiira, ndiye ndi nyenyezi yaing'ono woyera. Chinthu chidwi kwambiri m'dziko lino limayamba pamene wofiira nyenyezi yaing'ono nyenyezi wobwezera chachiwiri. White imeneyi amakopeka anasonkhanitsa mpweya kuwonjezera "mbale." 100 Zaka chikwi Kumkwanira kutentha ndi kuthamanga nditapatsidwa wofunikila maphatikizidwe nyukiliya. Gasi chipolopolo chimaphulika inawala ndi mphamvu zosaneneka, kuchititsa nyenyezi yaing'ono luminosity ukuwonjezeka pafupifupi wani miliyoni nthawi. Oonetsetsa Padziko Lapansi kuzitcha izo kubadwa kwa nyenyezi yatsopano.

Akatswiri a sayansi ya kudziwa chimachitika ndi lotereli kumene chimodzi ndi nyenyezi wamba, ndipo chachiwiri - yaikulu kwambiri, koma zosaoneka, ndi gwero chomveka a kwambiri X-ray cheza. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti mbali yachiwiri ndi wakuda dzenje - ndi zotsala za nyenyezi kamodzi chachikulu. Apa, malinga ndi akatswiri, zotsatirazi zimachitika: kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yokoka wamphamvu, dzenje wakuda amakopeka nyenyezi mpweya. Kukopedwa mu mwauzimu pa liwilo, iwo ndi mkangano, kumasuka n'kuloŵanso mu mphamvu dzenje mu mawonekedwe a X-ray.

Asayansi kuona kuti amphamvu X-ray gwero zikutsimikizira kuti kuli mabowo wakuda.

Patatu dongosolo nyenyezi

Dzuwa dongosolo nyenyezi, monga mmene taonera, si yekha njira dongosolo. Kuwonjezera nyenyezi limodzi ndi iwiri mu dongosolo akhoza kuyang'aniridwa ndi zambiri za iwo. Mphamvu ya machitidwe oterewa ndi zambiri zovuta kuposa awiri. Komabe, nthawi zina pali machitidwe nyenyezi ndi pang'ono kuwala (owonjezera Komabe, mayunitsi awiri), lomwe lili ndi mphamvu mwachilungamo wophweka. Itanani ngati dongosolo angapo. Ngati nyenyezi mu dongosolo, atatu, ali ndi dzina patatu.

Ambiri ndi mtundu wa kachitidwe angapo - patatu. Choncho, mmbuyo mu 1999 mu m'ndandanda wa nyenyezi angapo kachitidwe 728 angapo, oposa 550 ndi patatu. Pogwirizana ndi mfundo ya utsogoleri wolowezana wa zikuchokera kachitidwe ndi nyenyezi ziwiri sitingalephere spaced, wina lakutali kwambiri.

Mu chitsanzo chiphunzitso machitidwe angapo nyenyezi ndi zambiri zovuta kuposa awiri, kuyambira dongosolo otere kusonyeza khalidwe wachisokonezo. Ambiri a masango izi ndi zoona, akhala wosakhazikika kwambiri, chifukwa mu ejection mmodzi wa nyenyezi. Pewani Tiyerekezenso ngati n'chotheka kachitidwe anthu, limene nyenyezi imakonzedwa m'njira masanjidwe. Zikatero zigawo zikuluzikulu anawagawa m'magulu awiri likuzungulira likulu la misa wa mpita lalikulu. Kumagulu komanso kukhala ufumu bwino.

multiplicities apamwamba

Maphunziro kudziwika machitidwe nyenyezi ndi zigawo zambiri. Choncho, Scorpio wapangidwa ndi nyenyezi zoposa zisanu ndi ziwiri.

Choncho, kunapezeka kuti osati lathuli nyenyezi dongosolo, koma kachitidwe okha Way sizili chomwecho. Aliyense wa iwo ndi wapadera osiyana ndi chidwi kwambiri. Asayansi amatulukira koposa chiwerengero cha nyenyezi, ndipo mwina posachedwa tidzadziwa bwanji kuti kuli moyo anzeru, osati pa dziko zathu.