Antigel for diesel fuel: ndemanga. Antigel kwa mafuta a dizilo: kusankha, ndondomeko

Chipale chofewa , chipale chofewa, kusungidwa kwa mawilo ndi msewu - ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zosasangalatsa kwambiri zomwe zikudikirira okwera magalimoto m'nyengo yozizira. Mavuto osangalatsa kwambiri ovuta kuyamba injini. Vutoli likhoza kukwiyidwa ndi nthawi zingapo - kutayika kwa zinthu zamagetsi kapena kutentha kwa mafuta enieni. Kotero, mu nkhani ya lero, tiwona momwe zowonjezera zimagwiritsira ntchito mafuta a dizilo, komanso kuyesa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi opanga opanga kwambiri.

Kodi ndi chiyani?

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi zizindikiro za mankhwalawa. Zowonjezerapo za mafuta a dizilo zakonzedwa kuti zisawononge kowonjezera mafuta pamtunda wotentha. Pogwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi ovutika maganizo, mphamvu za dzuwa zimakhala bwino kwambiri. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, zowonjezera zimapangitsa mafuta "omvera" nthawi yachisanu.

Monga momwe chiwonetsero chimasonyezera, antigel imatha kuwonjezera mwayi wa kuyamba koyambirira kwa injini nthawi zina. Izi zimakulolani kuti musiye kusokonezeka mu injini ndikuchita kutentha mofulumira kuti mupitirize kuyendetsa galimotoyo.

Pa kuzizira kwa mafuta a dizilo

N'chifukwa chiyani mafutawa amawombera m'nyengo yozizira? Mfundo yonse ya vutoli ili mu ma parafini, omwe, pamene kutentha kwa mpweya kumachepa, kumayamba kukhala makina wandiweyani. Akakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri, mafuta amayamba kusintha mtundu wake (onani chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa), pamene mamasukidwe ake amayamba.

Ngati kutentha kukupitirirabe, phulusa lalikulu la parafini limapanga mafuta. Mwa kukula kwake, sangathe kudutsa fyuluta yoyeretsa, ndipo chifukwa cha momwe akugwiritsira ntchito pang'onopang'ono amatha kuziphimba. Motero, chifukwa cha mafuta ambirimbiri, amapereka mafuta ku chipinda choyaka moto. Pankhaniyi, injini sitingayambe.

Ndiyeneranso kuzindikira kuti PTF (kuchepetsa kutentha kwa mafuta). Ndilo chizindikiro chosonyeza kuti dizilo sichimasokoneza chiyambi chake, ndiko kuti, sichiyamba kuzimitsa. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa mafuta ogula mafuta, omwe PTF ili ndi madigiri 5 mpaka 10 pansi pa kutentha kwa mpweya tsiku lililonse m'dera lanu m'nyengo yozizira.

Koma momwe mungachitire ngati kwenikweni mafuta amawombera nthawi yowonongeka pamagetsi (pamunsi otentha)? Njira yokhayo ndikutsegula mafuta, kudzaza tani ndi zowonjezera dizilo. Maphunziro amanenanso kuti mankhwalawa akuchepetsa kwambiri mafuta a PTF, kotero kuti sungatseke mu fyuluta pachiyambi.

Bwanji ngati mafuta ali mitambo?

Monga tanena kale, kusintha kwa mtundu wa madzi kumasonyeza kuti zakhala zikudziwika ndi kutentha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, khungu lamakina la parafini linayamba kupanga mafuta. Komabe, izi sizikutanthawuza kuti matope a dizeli sangathenso kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa nthawi yachisanu sizisonyezeratu kuwonetsetsa, koma kutengeka bwino kwa zonse zokhudza mafuta, kuphatikizapo kupyolera bwino. Choncho, nthawi zonse muzimvetsera mafuta PTF, osati mtundu wake. Mwa njira, nthawi zina ngakhale atagwiritsa ntchito anti-gels, mafuta a dizilo sakhala omveka bwino, pamene injini imagwira ntchito molimba ndipo siipweteka.

Mayeso a zowonjezera kuchokera kwa kampani "Felix"

Posachedwapa, pamasalefu a malo ogulitsa nyumba anayamba kukhala ngati Felic anti-angelo. Chowonjezera ichi chinapangidwa ndi akatswiri a kampani ya Russia "Tosol-Sintez". Pakati pa mayesero, chikhalidwechi chinapereka zotsatira zabwino, zowonetsetsa kuti kutentha kwa mafuta kutentha mpaka madigiri -28. Koma, monga taonera ndemanga, antigen ya Dizeli mafuta brand "Felix" amatha kuchepetsa mtengo wa PTF pafupifupi madigiri -40. Choncho, ngati kugwiritsidwa ntchito kolondola kwa anti-gel osagwiritsidwa ntchito, kungayambe ndi theka lakutembenukira ngakhale nyengo yovuta kwambiri.

Kuwonjezera Mannol

Ndi antitigel ya Germany ya mafuta a dizilo. Chiyesochi chinasonyeza kuti zowonjezerazi zikugwirizananso ndi ma parafini mu mafuta a dizilo, kuphatikizapo fano lake loperekera "Felix". Zoona, a ku Germany adatha kuliposa ndi digiri imodzi yokha. Poyang'ana zotsatira, Mannol ya antitigel imatha kuyamba galimoto m'nyengo yozizira kutentha kwa madigiri -29 degrees. Kuwonjezera kwina kwa "Mannola" ndiko kukhoza molondola mlingo wa madzi (chifukwa cha viala ndi mphamvu yoyezera).

Wowonjezereka "Wodziwa" - antigel odyetsera mafuta a dizilo

Chiyesocho chinasonyeza kuti zowonjezera zowonjezereka sizingangowonjezera kutentha kwakukulu kwa kusungunuka kwa mafuta (ndi mapangidwe 9), komanso kuti zipangidwe bwino. Choncho, "katswiri" amachititsa kuti ayambe kuyendetsa galimoto m'nyengo yozizira pamtunda wozungulira kutsika kwa madigiri 29 Celsius. Koma izi sizothandiza zonse zowonjezera ku Russia. Malingana ndi ndemanga, antigen ya mafuta a dizilo Expert ali ndi botolo losavuta kwambiri ndi khosi lopapatiza, kotero kuti akhoza kuthiridwa mumatangi ndi pang'ono pakhosi. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa eni eni magalimoto amitundu yamakono, omwe opanga awo amapanga mabowo ang'onoang'ono odzaza, omwe amapangidwa ndi pisulo yokhala ndi mphuno yopepuka.

Zosakaniza za Gunk

Chida ichi chimapangidwa ndi kampani yaku America. Tikuyenera kunena kuti zowonjezera mu mafuta a dizeli ndi anti-gels brand zaperekedwa ku Russia kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo zatha kudziwonetsera zokha kuchokera kumbali yabwino. Kodi ma antitigel awa amachita bwanji? Maphunziro amati, mosiyana ndi zowonjezereka, Gunk amatha kuwonjezera phindu la PTF ndi ma unit 13. Choncho, mankhwalawa akhoza kutsegulira dizeli ya chilimwe m'nyengo yozizira, yomwe imakhala yosakanikirana ndi chisanu. Komabe, mosiyana ndi "Wachidziwitso" wa ku Russia, Gunk sanapambane ndi kutentha kwakukulu.

Castrol

Zotsatirazi ndizowonjezera ku Germany kwa Castrol. Tsoka, zotsatira za kafukufuku sizinavomereze khalidwe lodziwika la German. Inde, ndi kutentha kwa mafuta ozizira owonjezera dizeli "Castrol" anakumana bwino. Komabe, ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha PTF - ayi. Pambuyo pogwiritsa ntchito anti-gel osakaniza, mafuta sakhala odabwitsa kale pa madigiri -20. Chimodzi mwa zovuta zazowonjezera izi ndi kusowa kwa chiphunzitso cha Chirasha. Zowonjezera zokha za "Castrol" ndi kupezeka kwa vial yabwino, yomwe ili ndi zida zoyezera kuti mulingo ukhale wolondola. Monga akunenera, anti-gel osakaniza mafuta a dizilo kuchokera ku kampani "Castrol" sichifukwa chake, choncho sitingamupatse utsogoleri.

"Zamadzimadzi"

Antigel kuchokera ku kampani Liqui Moly wakhala kwa zaka zambiri akuwona kuti ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri yofanana, yomwe imaperekedwa kuchokera kunja. Poyang'ana zotsatira zotsatira, zotsatira zowonjezera zimatha kuyambitsa kuyambika kwa galimoto ngakhale pa digiri 32 ya chisanu. Kuphatikizanso apo, "Zamadzimadzi-Moly" zimadziwika ndi mafuta abwino kwambiri. Chifukwa cha ichi, chitsimikizo cha zipangizo zamagetsi, kuphatikizapo mafayilo ndi mapopu, akuwonjezeka. Ndiyenera kunena, kampani ya ku Germany Liqui Moly patsogolo penipeni pa Cast Cast yake pofuna kuteteza mafuta kuchokera pa mapangidwe a parafini. Mwa njira, kampaniyo "Liquid Moli" imapanga zowonjezera zabwino mu mafuta a dizilo, omwe, malinga ndi cholinga, amapereka mafuta odzola kapena kuyeretsa ku injini. Pachifukwachi, amaletsa kuti zitsulozi zikhale zogwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimakhala chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta osauka komanso nthawi zina.

Ziwerengero ndi zotsatira

Chiyeso cha zowonjezera dizilo chinasonyeza kuti ambiri mwa mayesero oyesedwa a anti-gels ndi ulemu amatsutsana ndi mayesero ozizira. The depressors kwambiri kusintha otsika-kutentha makhalidwe ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe a mafuta. Choncho, chizindikiro cha maximum filterability kutentha kwa chilimwe kalasi ya mafuta anachepetsedwa kuti -20 mpaka -29 madigiri Celsius (malingana ndi mtundu wa mankhwala). Pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikirozi, zikhoza kutsimikiziridwa kuti ngati filterability index ya dizilo yofanana ndi yozizira kalasi (-25 ^о С), antigel ikhoza kuchepetsa phindu ili lotsatira kutentha:

• -40 madigiri okhala ndi anti-gel ya mtundu wa Russian "Felix".
• -36 madigiri kuchokera ku malonda a kampani "Mannol".
• -2 madigiri a zowonjezera "Wodziwa", "Zamadzimadzi Moly" ndi "Gank".

Kuwonjezera pa kukonzanso katundu wa mamasukidwe akayendedwe, zitsanzo zina za anti-gels zinali zosiyana kwambiri ndi mafutawa. Kupititsa patsogolo kutentha kwa mafuta kumachepetsa kutayirira kwa zipangizo zamagetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zidazo zitheke. Motero, zowonjezera zamagetsi "Liqui-Moli" (ndi 7.5 peresenti) ndi "Expert" (3,7 peresenti) zinapangitsa kuti mafutawo akhale abwino kwambiri. Monga taonera ndemanga, anti-gel osakaniza galimoto ya dizilo ya Liqui Moly ndi imodzi mwa njira zabwino kwambiri zoyendetsera galimotoyo. Ndi chowonjezera ichi chomwe chili ndi chiŵerengero chabwino kwambiri cha mtengo wapatali, chomwe chiyenera kukhala mtsogoleri pa mayesero athu.

Ndibwino bwanji kugwiritsa ntchito antitigel?

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti malingaliro omwe tawafotokozera pamwambapa angapangidwe kokha ngati dalaivala atapeza mlingo woyenera ndi teknoloji yowonjezeretsa petrochemical iyi. Choyamba, ziyenera kumveka kuti wopanga aliyense amafuna kusakaniza antigel padera. Osati kutsogoleredwa ndi ndondomekoyi "mochuluka, bwino." Mukatha kumwa mopitirira muyeso, mumangowonjezera vutoli - kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa zowonjezera ku tangi sikungapangitse mtengo wa PTF. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, mu nkhaniyi mumangogwiritsa ntchito ndalama. Mwa njira, kuwerengera kwa kuwonjezera anti-gel osakaniza kungakhale kosiyana kwambiri. Mlingo ukhoza kukhala pafupifupi mamililimita 30 pa malita 100 a mafuta, ndi 300 milliliters kwa mafuta omwewo. Choncho, nthawi zonse mverani malangizo (nthawi zambiri amapezeka pa chizindikiro cha vial).

Kuwonjezera pa mlingo, boma lakutentha liyenera kuwonanso. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti antigel imayikidwa ku tangi kokha ngati kutentha kwazomwe kuli pafupifupi madigiri 0 Celsius. Apo ayi, kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezereka sikungapangitse zotsatira zoyenera. Lamuloli likugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa onse mafuta ndi vinyo wokha ndi zowonjezera. Zomalizazi ndi zofunika kuwonjezera pokhapokha atakwera galimoto, popanda kuphwanya chiwerengerocho.

Zitetezero za chitetezo

Pogwira ntchito ndi mankhwala otchedwa petrochemicals, sitiyenera kuiwala za malamulo otetezeka. Ndikofunika kuchepetsa mwayi wowonjezera kugwera pamwamba pa khungu la manja. Kuti muchite izi, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito magolovesi apadera. Kapena osakhudza khosi la botolo ndi zala zanu. Ngati antigel imatayika m'manja mwanu, iyenera kutsukidwa ndi sopo. Mulimonsemo musalole kuti gel osagwire mbali ya diso (izi zikhoza kuchitika pamene viala imatsegulidwa mwachisawawa).

Mukamagula, samverani tsiku lomaliza la katundu. Sayenera kuthera pasanathe miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mutagula. Kuwonjezeka kwabwino kuli ndi moyo wa alumali wa miyezi 36, yomwe ndi zaka zitatu. Gwiritsani ntchito antigel kutsekedwa kutsekedwa pamalo amdima, mosamala mosamala motsutsana ndi dzuwa. Onani kuti pa kutentha kuposa madigiri 45, katundu wa zowonjezera amayamba kutayika. Choncho, iyenera kusungidwa pamalo ozizira.

Kutsiliza

Kotero, tinaphunzira mtundu wanji wa ndemanga za mafuta a dizilo kuchokera kwa ojambula osiyanasiyana, komanso tinaphunzira kuti izi ndizofunika bwanji pazinthu zowonjezera za galimoto m'nyengo yozizira. Parafini - mdani wamkulu wa woyendetsa galimoto m'nyengo yozizira. Sungathe kuchotsedwa, koma n'zotheka kupewa "kubereka" kwake. Kuti muchite izi, ndikwanira kugula antigel ndikuwatsanulira mu thanki, kumamatira pamtundu woyenera ndi chikhalidwe cha kutentha. Pomalizira pake, timapeza kuti kugula kumatsatira zinthu za opangidwa okha odziwika bwino. Sikofunikira kusunga pa zowonjezera, kudalira odziwa osadziwika omwe ali ndi katundu popanda malemba kapena malemba. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo angasokoneze kayendetsedwe kake ka galimoto, zomwe zingayambitse kukonza mtengo.