Car DeLorean DMC-12: ndondomeko, zithunzi

Delorean DMC-12 - galimoto yomwe inaperekedwa mu 1981 mpaka 1982 ndi Delorean Motor Company. Kutulutsidwa kwa chitsanzo ichi kunali cholinga cha msika wa magalimoto ku America.

Kupanga kwake kunayambiranso mu 2008 ndipo kukupitirira mpaka lero, komabe n'zotheka kupeza galimotoyo mwadongosolo lapadera.

Zithunzi za Mlengi Delorean DMC-12

Chitsanzo, chomwe chimadziwika ndi filimuyo "Kubwerera Kumtsogolo" - kulengedwa kwa John Delorean, limodzi mwa mayina odabwitsa kwambiri komanso omveka bwino m'mafakitale a magalimoto m'zaka za m'ma 1900. Iye anabadwa pa January 6, 1925 m'banja la munthu wochokera ku Romania. Kuyambira ali mwana, John wasonyeza chidwi chachikulu pa magalimoto. Bamboyo, yemwe anali kugwira ntchito pa chomera cha Ford ku Detroit panthawiyo, anaona mwana wamwamuna wa zaka khumi akulakalaka telojiya ndi kumugulira Ford Model T. John kachiwiri akugwira ntchito maola ambiri kumbuyo kwake.

Powerenga sukulu yamakono, Delorean wachinyamata anaonetsa luso lapadera polemba ndi sayansi. Mu 1941, adakhala wophunzira ku University of Technology Lawrence, komwe adalandiridwa popanda kuyesedwa.

Koma maphunziro ake sanapite nthawi yaitali, pamene adalembedwera kunkhondo yokhudza US kulowa m'Nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. Koma kutsogolo John anali ndi mwayi woti asatenge, chifukwa gawo lake linali litasungidwa. Atapititsa patsogolo ntchito, anapitiriza maphunziro ake ndipo anamaliza maphunziro ake mu 1948. Patadutsa zaka ziwiri adapeza ntchito ku chrysler chitsimikizo, akuphunzira ku yunivesite ya zamakono yodetsa nkhaŵa yodziwika ndi Engine Engineer. Atalandira diploma, sanapite ku Chrysler, koma anasiya mu Packard, yomwe inali yovuta kupanga magalimoto apamwamba.

Mu Packard, John Delorean anawulula zomwe angathe kuchita makamaka chifukwa cha gulu la opanga mapulani ndi akatswiri a US omwe amagwira ntchito. Pa zaka zinayi zokha, adakwanitsa kukhala mkulu wa dipatimenti yopanga mapangidwe kuchokera kwa injiniya wapamwamba. Mu 1956, Packard anatha kukhalapo ngati chizindikiro chodziimira yekha, ndipo Delorean adalandira mwayi wopita ku dipatimenti yopanga chitukuko pamagulu akuluakulu a General Motors - Pontiac. Anayenera kukoka Pontiac kunja kwa zovuta ndikuyika zojambula zatsopano, zimene Delorean anakumana nazo bwinobwino.

Pa nthawi imeneyo John anali wokhudzidwa ndi magalimoto amphamvu. Patadutsa zaka ziwiri, iye analamula kuti kampaniyo ikhale ndi magetsi awiri. Lingaliro linakanidwa chifukwa "zachilendo" zingakhale kupanga mpikisano wamkati ku Corvette yatsopano. Koma Delorean adapeza njira yowonongera ndi Kulipira Kwambiri ndi injini ya V8 325 yomwe ili ndi mphamvu ya malita 6.4. Galimoto inakhala yotchuka kwambiri moti inasankhidwa kuchokera ku Mzere Wotentha, wotchedwanso Pontiac GTO.

Pontiac GTO inakhala galimoto yamatsenga, kutsegulira nthawi ya magalimoto a American musk. Anabweretsa mbiri ya Dolorean. Mu 1965, ali ndi zaka 40, adakhala mtsogoleri wa pulezidenti wa Pontiac ndi wotsindikizira wamng'ono kwambiri pa mbiri ya General Motors. Mu 1969, adakhala mtsogoleri wa bungwe la Chevrolet, ndipo patapita zaka zitatu John Dolorean adatenga malo a vice-president wa GM kuti apange, kutanthauza kuti anakhala munthu wachiwiri pachisokonezo chachikulu. Kufikira "pamwamba" panali sitepe imodzi yokha, koma mu 1973 Dolorean anasiya GM, akufotokoza izi chifukwa chakuti anakhala wosasangalatsa kugwira ntchito. Panali mphekesera kuti eni ake adaphunzira za machenjerero a John Delorean. Pofuna kubweretsa milandu kukhoti, adaganiza kuchoka ku kampani yake.

Atachoka ku Deloirean samasiya lingaliro lake la kupanga galimoto yamagalimoto yambuyo. Iye amalembetsa Delorean Motors mwamphamvu ndipo akuitanira ku malo a mkonzi wamkulu wa bwenzi lake Bill Collins, amene anagwiritsanso ntchito naye Pontiac. Onse pamodzi anapita ku Turin Motor Show, komwe anakumana ndi wotchuka wotchedwa Georgetto Judard ndipo anamupempha kuti apange malo awiri ogona. Anagwirizana ndipo anatenga blanche ya mapulogalamu pamodzi: galimoto ikhale ndi zitseko ngati mapiko, monga Mercedes 300 SL Gullwing. Posakhalitsa, zojambula za DMC-12 zinaperekedwa. Mapangidwe a galimotoyo adanena kuti imagwera m'gulu la "magalimoto othamanga".

Njira yoyamba yopita ku loto

Nthawi yomweyo John Dolorean akugula kuchokera ku CTC ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono kuti apange mapangidwe opangidwa ndi fiberglass ndi mphuno ya urethane. Delorean anaganiza zopanga thupi lonse la galimoto lopangidwa ndi pulasitiki, osati zazing'ono chabe. Mapangidwe awa sali okonzeka komanso osakhala ochepa kusiyana ndi chitsulo chodziwika bwino. Koma anaganiza kuti asamadzipereke yekha ndi kupukuta galimotoyo ndi chitsulo chosapanga kanthu. Izi sizinapangidwe kokha kupatsa galimoto, komanso chuma: kunja kwa mbali ya pulasitiki ya thupi ili ndi mapepala osapanga osapanga kuposa mtengo wonyezimira, poganizira zojambulazo.

Kupanga chitsanzo

Sungani Delorean DMC-12 Delorean anasankha ku Northern Ireland, osati ku US. Chifukwa cha izi ndi ndalama: Britain idalonjeza kuti idzatenga ngongole ngati ntchito 2,500 idzakhazikitsidwa kudera lovuta la boma. Mu 1978, Delorean Motors analandira ngongole ya madola 100 miliyoni, pambuyo pake kumanga kampani yosonkhanitsa mumzinda wa Dunmarrie, m'mudzi wa Belfast, unayamba. Panthawi imeneyo, Collins anamanga zojambula ziwiri zoyambirira zochokera ku Dzhudzharo zojambula, zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zipangizo ndikupeza injini yoyenera m'tsogolo Delorean DMC-12. Maluso a luso lachilendo ndi injini ya 130-horsepower V6 ya 2.85 malita, opangidwa ndi Renault pamodzi ndi Peugeot ndi Volvo, sakadadabwitsa aliyense ngakhale pa nthawi imeneyo. Chigamulo chochigwiritsa ntchito chinapangidwa chifukwa cha kusowa kwa nthawi yosonkhanitsa injini yatsopano, chifukwa malinga ndi mgwirizano wa mgwirizanowu ndi UK Delorian amayenera kuyamba msonkhano wawukulu wa chitsanzo mu May 1980. Magalimoto apamtunda pa nthawiyo anali abwino kwambiri kusiyana ndi galimotoyo malinga ndi luso laumisiri, koma silingagwirizane ndi mapangidwe ake.

Kuyambira pachiyambi

Kulengedwa kwa galimoto yatsopano muzaka ziwiri ndizosatheka ngakhale bungwe lalikulu ndi akatswiri zikwizikwi, kuyambira nthawi imeneyo ntchito zonse zinkachitidwa, popanda makompyuta. Dongosolo la Delorean DMC-12 linakhazikitsidwa posakhalitsa, choncho Delorean anasaina mgwirizano kuti agwire ntchito limodzi ndi kampani ya Lotus, kupereka ntchito kwa miliyoni 10. Wolemba wamkulu wa Lotus anatumizidwa ku ntchitoyi Michael Lausby, katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito yachitsulo Kuimitsidwa. Pambali pake panali ntchito yaikulu, popeza zonse zomwe Collins anachita sizinali zabwino. Kuti muyambe kuyendetsa galimoto yosakanikirana ndi zofunikira, njira yofunika yopangira bungwe la chitukuko ikufunika.

Mu 1980, polojekitiyi inabweretsanso, ndipo kuchokera ku zomwe Collins anali nazo panali njira yokha zitseko. Ntchitoyi inachepetsedwa chifukwa cha zolakwika za ojambula, khalidwe losafunika popanga zitsanzo komanso zochepa zomwe zimapangidwa mufakitale. Pofuna kusunga nthawi, mapangidwe a Delorean DMC-12 adagwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono za polojekiti ya Model Lotus Espirit Turbo. Kwa mbali zambiri, izo zimakhudza kuyimitsidwa ndi chasisi.

Kuimitsidwa ndi chitsime

Choyamba, Lausbi anatenga chithusi. Chojambula chokhala ndi timagulu timene timagwiritsa ntchito T ndi kumbuyo kwapakati ndi mphamvu zam'mbuyo zomwe amapereka ndi Collins zinapereka ubwino wambiri ndi kukhwima kwa thupi. Koma zinatenga nthawi kuti zikhale zoyera, zomwe zinalibe pa Delorean. Pamapeto pake, chisiki cha galimotoyo chinapangidwa ndi makalata awiri Y ogwirizanitsa m'munsi. Mafelemu a injini, machitidwe ozizira ndi kuyika zinthu zowonongeka anaphatikizidwa ku chasisi. Katemera ndi gasi waikazi anaikidwa mkati mwa chimango. Chotsatira cha kusinthako kunali kuchepa kwa kuuma kotalika kwa thupi kuchokera 7000 mpaka 2400 lb-ft2 / dig.

Delorean DMC 12 inalandira kalasi yoyamba ya galimoto yoyendetsa galimoto ndi kulemera kwa nkhwangwa: 69% ya kulemera kunka kumbuyo kutsogolo ndi 31% kupita kutsogolo kutsogolo. Kuimitsidwa kwa galimoto kunapangidwa mofanana ndi Lotus Espirit Turbo. Zinali zambiri ku America - zofewa komanso zomasuka. Mawondo kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo anali osiyana-siyana: kutsogolo kunali kofiira R14 195/65, ndipo kumbuyo kwa R15 235/65.

Injini

Injini yamakina 6 yamphamvu yamakina 6 yomwe inali ndi maola 2.85 anagulidwa ku France. Zinali zodalirika kwambiri komanso mtengo wotsika mtengo. Olemba a Delorean DMC-12, omwe makhalidwe awo anali apansi kwa ochita mpikisano, ankanena za mphamvu yochepa ya galimotoyo. Poyerekeza ndi "Germany" ndi "Italy" za mtengo womwewo, mphamvu ya galimotoyo inali "yotumbululuka". Michael Lausby ankakhulupirira kuti injini yamphamvu kwambiri silingagwirizane ndi kukakamiza kwa kuyimitsidwa. Pamaso "zana" galimotoyo inafalikira kwa 9, ndipo maulendo ake opita patsogolo ankapanga 209 km / h basi.

Mitundu yambiri ya injini

Mu September 1982, chomera cha Danmarri chinapanga Delorean DMC-12 mahatchi angapo okwana 156. Mtengo wa mndandanda wa 502, monga mphamvu, unali wapamwamba kuposa DMC-12 yapitayo: pafupifupi $ 30,000. Kupititsa patsogolo ndi kukonza injini yomwe ikuphatikizapo akatswiri ochokera ku Legend Industries. Zitsanzo zimenezi zinasonkhanitsidwa chimodzi mwa omaliza mu mbiri yakale ya Delorean Motors. Mphamvuyi inapangidwira ndi bokosi la bokosi la maulendo 5 kapena bokosi la bokosi lochokera ku Renault.

Ali panjira

Kukhazika pansi, ulesi ndi kuyendetsa bwino - motero pamsewu panali Delorean DMC-12.

Ngakhale kuti panali mavuto aakulu, chitukuko cha chitsanzochi chinatha kumapeto kwa 1980. Mayeserowa anachitika m'misewu ya Northern Ireland, kumene mayesero a mayeso amachititsa chidwi kwambiri pakati pa anthu okhalamo. Ulendo wamakono, zitseko zosakhala zowonongeka ndi pamwamba pa thupi zimakopa chidwi cha owona ambiri. Galimoto imasiya kukhala maola ola la ora kwa anthu odziwa chidwi.

Kutulutsidwa kwa galimoto

Makina a Delorean analandira chithandizo kuchokera kwa osindikizira, koma zinaonekeratu kwa aliyense kuti Delorean Motors ali muvuto lalikulu lachuma chifukwa cha ndalama zazikulu zosakonzedweratu.

M'chaka cha 1981, dipatimenti yokonza pulaneti ya Dunmarry inayamba kugwira ntchito yopanga injini ya DMC-12 kuti ikule mphamvu zake. Akatswiri a zamankhwala anayamba kusintha kusintha kwa kayendedwe ka "sportiness". Pa nthawi yomweyi, Delorean adasankha kukonzekera mfundo yatsopanoyi. Anaganiza kuti iyenera kukhala galimoto yamaseŵera okwana anayi ndi gulu la Kevlar pamtundu wa Medusa, umene unakhazikitsidwa mu 1980 ndi Giorgio Giugiaro yemweyo.

Mavuto azachuma

The firm anayesa njira iliyonse kupeza njira ndi kutuluka mu ngongole, koma nthawi anatayika. Kulemera kwa chuma cha US mu 1981 kunapangitsa kuti pakhale kufunika kwa magalimoto, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti Delorean ayambe kuwonjezereka. Iye akuyesera kulandira ngongole ina ku boma la Britain, koma izi zikulephera. Mu February, panali chisokonezo ndi Renault kampani, yomwe inayamba kufunafuna kubwezera ngongole kwa injini zotumizidwa, kuopseza chiyeso. Posakhalitsa, kampani ya Delorean Motors inayambitsa kayendetsedwe ka kunja, pambuyo pake katundu yense, kuphatikizapo 2000 sanazindikire Delorean DMC-12 ndi pafupifupi 900 zitseko anamangidwa. Delorean anayesera kupeza ndalama mwanjira iliyonse, akulonjeza kuti adzapulumutsa kampaniyo ndi ntchito ya maloto ake. Kufufuza uku sikunapangitse kanthu kabwino, komabe, iye anali pa bench of justice. Delorean anali ndi vuto la cocaine. Iye anafotokoza izi ponena kuti panalibe njira zina zopezera ndalama. Galimoto yowonongeka ndi chinthu chakale.

Mphepo yachiwiri

Pafupifupi DMC-12 yanyalanyazidwa, koma mkulu wotchuka Robert Zemeckis adayitanitsa galimoto kuti iwonetsere mafilimu mu "trilogy". Atatulutsa filimuyo mu 1985, chidwi cha galimoto chinayambanso. Kufunika kwake ku msika wachiwiri mwamsanga kunakula.

Panthawiyi, Delorean mwiniwakeyo anali womasuka, koma izi sizinabweretse ulemerero wake wakale. Mpaka chaka cha 1988, bungwe la bankruptcy linapitiriza, ndipo motero Deloirean anataya zonse.

Pakalipano

Mu 2008, Delorean Motor Company ya ku Texas, yomwe ili ndi ufulu wonse, idapanganso kukonza galimotoyo pamagulu 20 pachaka. Zisanayambe, kampaniyo inangopatsa eni eni zigawo zopanda pake ndikubwezeretsa zitsanzo zakale.

Galimoto imapezeka kawirikawiri pa mafilimu, mapulogalamu, masewera a pakompyuta.

Mwachitsanzo, adajambula mafilimu monga The Beverly Hills Cop, The Idicocracy (2005), The Singer at the Wedding, The Hacker, The Big Thick Lie, Castle, Arthur. Mamilioni wokongola "ndi ena ambiri.

Zotsatira

DMC 12 yachitsanzo yakhala ndipo ikukhalabe mpaka lero m'mabuku a DMC. Kwa 1981 mpaka 1982, Delorean Motor Company inatulutsa magalimoto pafupifupi 9,000. Mtengo wa Delorean ndi injini yamakina 130 anali okwera kwambiri ndipo anali pafupifupi madola 25,000.

Mapangidwe amatsenga anatsutsa zojambula za m'ma 80. Chitsanzocho chinali cholinga cha omvera olemekezeka ndipo anali otchuka mwaokha. Zina mwazosiyana zake ndi zitseko zotseguka mmwamba. Zitseko zoterezi sizinapangitse mavuto pakupaka, kukwera kapena kuchoka ku galimoto, chifukwa iwowa anali kutalika kwa masentimita 35 okha.

Chizindikiro cha Delorean, ngakhale kuti zochepa zogwira ntchito zamakono zatulutsidwa, zidakalipo mu mtundu wa masewera a masewera.

Mu 1982, fakitale kumpoto kwa Ireland inatha kukhalapo chifukwa cha bankruptcy ya zolimba ndi zowopsya za John Delorean mwiniwake.