April 12 - tsiku kuti anasintha mbiri

Munthu wakhala anayang'ana kumwamba. Longoganizira maiko akutali, amakamba za kukhalako kwa anthu apamwamba amene moyo kwinakwake kutali, ine anatulukira nthano malingaliro za zolengedwa kuchokera kumwamba. Ndipo makumi angapo zapitazo, koyamba anthu anali kuona akutali.

April 12, 1961 - tsiku kuti anasintha mbiri ya anthu onse. Tsiku lomwelo, okhala danga lapansi anatsutsa.

Mmene onse anayamba?

Za nyenyezi anthu ndalota kwa nthawi yaitali, koma ulendo oyamba kufika iwo anayamba kutenga yekha mu 1957, pamene mpita dziko lapansi la woyamba Kanema yokumba unayambitsidwa. Mu November chaka chomwecho adalowa malo galu Laika, kuti iye anayamba kuphunzira zotsatira za weightlessness pa zamoyo. Komabe, kubwerera kunyumba dziko lake sanalinso zoyembekezeka. Zatsopano ndi kugonjetsa weightlessness anapitiriza imalankhula za makina Lapansi ndi Sun, wotchuka ndege ya Belka ndi Strelka, kutumiza Roketi ku Venus, kukhazikitsa njira zolankhulirana ndi chinthu chosonyeza Earth. Inali ntchito yaikulu, ndi chitukuko cha latsopano sayansi - Space - padera ndalama zambiri, ndipo zotsatira lonse la anthu, akhala chidwi anagonjetsa danga zakuthambo anali April 12, 1961 - tsiku munthu woyamba anapita mu mlengalenga.

Yuri Gagarin

Kamodzi Yuri Gagarin ndipo sanathe kulingalira kuti kuyambira caster chosavuta (lakuti iye anali katswiri luso pambuyo sukulu ndipo anayambitsa), iye isanduke cosmonaut oyamba padziko lonse lapansi. Chilango anasintha asilikali, kumene ankatumikira mu ndege. Pambuyo demobilization, Gagarin zokhala mayeso a umisiri Flight - kotero mu Soviet Union (Mwamseri, kumene) wotchedwa ndege. Patapita chaka chimodzi anayamba kukonzekera woyamba panali ndege mu mlengalenga. chombo tsogolo mayeso matendawo, wophunzitsidwa mu patsogolo kwambiri pa makina nthawi, kuzilola kuti azipeza azolowere zinthu weightlessness. patatsala masiku anayi zochitika fateful wa woyendetsa za "East" anaikidwa Yuri Gagarin ali. April 12 Baikonur anapezerapo sitima yoyamba ndi munthu pa bolodi.

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Koma ndege yokha sinathe njira ndithu izo zinakonzedwa. Mu mlengalenga, Gagarin anali pang'ono ola zonse zinkayenda bwino, ndi wokayenda pamwezi zonse anapereka lipoti pa boma lake, ndipo ngalawa, koma ndiye braking chifukwa ena analephera. Pomaliza, "East" yatera sitikudziwa pokonzekera kuuluka malo, ndi m'mudzi waung'ono m'chigawo Saratov - April ake 12 mwachionekere anali losaiwalika tsiku. Masiku ano, pali, ndi njira, ndi kowonera zakale Yuriya Gagarina, kumene mungaphunzire zambiri za wokayenda pamwezi, ndipo kuti kuthawa fateful dziko lapansi lonse.

bungwe holide

Tsiku lomwelo, dziko lonse anamva yojambula m'munda wa astronautics. Kumene, kubwereza chintchito Gagarin yomweyo anayesa America. Koma mawu oyamba pa zokambiranazi a m'mlengalenga zotsala kwa Soviet Union. April 12, 1962 linali tsiku kukumbukira Yuriya Gagarina feat. Ndipo patapita zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, kuyambira 1968, anayamba kukondwerera Tsiku Space World. Palibe ndege kupitirira m'mlengalenga sanalandire maulemu amenewa, ngakhale ankafika wotchuka pa mwezi Neil Armstrong.

Ndi kugwa kwa Soviet Union kuukitsa nkhani ya chiyembekezo chakuti ya chikondwererochi palibe amene amadzinenera. Mu 1995, boma la Russia wakhala mwalamulo ovomerezeka pa April 12 holideyo. Kuyambira mu 2001, pa dziko lonse, anali kudziŵika kuti tsiku mayiko a ndege mu mlengalenga.

Kodi kukondwerera tsiku la Cosmonautics?

N'zovuta kulankhula za miyambo yeniyeni mokondwerera April 12. Inde, sukulu makamu zosiyanasiyana zochitika odzipereka osati woyamba panali ndege mu mlengalenga, komanso kukula kwa malo wonse. Various mabungwe omwe si a boma bungwe "matebulo wozungulira", kutsutsana ndi njira zina zambiri nkhani za achinyamata, mungapezeko osati kuphunzira zambiri zokhudza mbiri ya holide, komanso kukambirana zinthu za chitukuko cha sayansi umenewu. Pa April 12, Tsiku la Cosmonautics - ndi mwayi kulankhula ndi anthu amene alidi ndi chidwi kufufuza malo, ndipo akhoza kukuuzani zambiri watsopano ndi zina ndithu mosayembekezereka.

Imodzi mwa mfundo zabwino kukondwerera Cosmonautics Tsiku kusukulu - chochitika lotseguka limene limatiuza osati la ndege Yuriya Gagarina ndi kukonzekera, koma pa wopita ku kulengedwa kwa chombo choyamba, malingaliro okhudzana ndi chilengedwe, ndi zamoyo wa nzeru za anthu za dziko ndi ena ambiri. Aphunzitsi ena mokondera aiwala za, omwe si nthawi zonse zotsatira n'kofunika, njira nthawi zambiri ndimasewera kuposa mfundo youma. Komanso, choncho palibe sangathe angasokoneze nyota za sayansi, popanda zomwe sipakanakhala chitukuko cha astronautics, mfundo, n'zotheka.

Pomaliza

N'zovuta kuyerekeza April 12 ndi zikondwelelo zimenezi zikuluzikulu monga Chaka Chatsopano, Tsiku Ana, AIDS, m'pamene dziko. Ambiri sapita kumbukirani kamodzi, pamene munthu woyamba anapita mu mlengalenga. Koma chitukuko cha malo zakuthambo anapereka, amapereka ndipo adzakupatsani anthu akadali kwambiri. Pakadali pano, ife monga simungathe kulingalira mwayi onse kuti tili ndi mwayi mu maphunziro zina. Mwina lero loto la Mars kulamulira kuwomba zosatheka, koma pambuyo zaka zana zapitazo, palibe munthu anakhoza musaganize kuti anthu adzatha kusiya Earth. Onse patsogolo. Ndipo Mulimonsemo tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pa April 12 - Cosmonautics Day, tsiku pamene anthu anatsutsa chilengedwe.