Bakuman ndipo unexplored moyo nyanja

Anthu akhala anazolowera kuti kuli zomera zosiyanasiyana ndi zomera pa dziko. Ndipo kodi timadziwa chiyani za moyo m'nyanja? Monga momwe ali osiyanasiyana? Munthu wina osati masewera nsomba angapezeke mu madzi ake? Tiyeni tione mayankho a mafunso awa pamodzi.

zosiyanasiyana

Moyo m'nyanja ndi chidwi ndi osiyanasiyana. Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti chitukuko ndi chiyambi cha moyo mu madzi a m'nyanja. Izi zikhoza pofotokoza mfundo yakuti pali oposa 150 zikwi oimira zosiyanasiyana nyama ndi zomera.. Ngati mumayesa kuwerengera kulemera okwana uliwonse moyo wa madzi nyanja, kanjedza ndi yaikulu - kwenikweni ndi matani biliyoni 60. Ocean ngati malo anafika kwa mitundu yonse ya dziko organic. Pano mukhoza kukumana ndi zamoyo, ndi nyama zikuluzikulu. Kuchokera yaikulu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe ku madzi m'nyanja osati anazolowera akangaude yekha, centipedes ndi nyama amphibious.

Kusiyana pakati pa madzi ndi mpweya

Atsutsane ndi chakuti mpweya ndi madzi malo amasiyana katundu wawo thupi, n'kopanda phindu. The amadzimadzi sing'anga kutentha mwinamwake anagawira, malinga ndi akuya ukuwonjezeka madzi kuthamanga. Ndi kukhalapo kwa dzuwa ali kokha mu zigawo chapamwamba. Izi mbali ya moyo mu nyanja bwanji kuli ndi chitukuko cha zamoyo zonse.

Choncho, chifukwa chakuti madzi akhoza kuthandiza thupi mu malo ena, iwo safuna kupanga mafupa pacimake kapena mizu. Choncho, moyo m'nyanja ukufanizidwa ndi nyama yaikulu kwambiri m'chilengedwe, amene amadziwika ngati chinsomba buluu. Nyama imeneyi ndi nthawi 25 yolemera kuposa okhala yaikulu ya dzikolo - njovu.

Chabwino, kuyambira nyanja algae mulibe kukana zinthu mpweya, ndiye si koyenera kukula mizu yolimba, koma iwo ukhoza kwa makumi angapo mamita.

ndi benthos chiyani?

mawu lachirendo amasonyeza kuchotsedwa zilombo zokhala nyanja ndi nthaka izo wamoyo. Pansi pa nyanja, pali mitundu iwiri ya moyo: zoobenthos ndi phytobenthos. Oimira zoobenthos, mwachitsanzo zomera, mochuluka, ndi pamene tikuyandikira gombe la kumtunda ndipo zilumba za ukuwonjezeka awo chiwerengero mu osaya kwambiri.

Zoobenthos nkhanu, nkhono, zazikulu ndi zazing'ono nsomba. Ndi Phytobenthos kunyamula zosiyanasiyana tizilombo algae.

zomera ndi chiyani?

Chabwino, mtundu wa moyo mu nyanja popanda zomera chiyani? Izi makamaka zamoyo, zimene sizinalembedwa zaikidwa pansi, komanso mwachangu kuyenda. Pafupifupi onse kayendedwe ka zomera zimachitika chifukwa mafunde. The zigawo madzi a pamwamba, kumene kuli kuwala kwa dzuwa, populates timayandama. Amakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya algae. Koma zooplankton moyo mu ndime madzi.

Ambiri mwa nkhanu zomera nyama mogwirizana. Izi ndi zosiyana ciliates, radiolarians ndi nthumwi zina. Komanso, pali coelenterate chamoyo: siphonophores, modabwitsa, Chisa zakudya ndi pteropods yaing'ono.

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka yaikulu zomera nsomba ndi nyama za m'madzi nthawizonse chakudya chochuluka.

nekton ndi chiyani?

Mawu akuti "nekton" sadzafika nthawi, koma akuimira mtundu wa moyo umene ife zimadziwika bwino. Nekton - zamoyo zimene zingatichititse mwachangu madzi. kamba izi, ndi pinnipeds ndi m'madzi zimakhala. Kuti nekton mulinso mitundu yonse ya nsomba, nyama, anyani ndi njoka madzi.

Kudulidwa m'zigawo

Moyo m'nyanja ndi chidwi chifukwa amalenga wosiyana nzika za kuya osiyana. Choncho, madzi ochepa kuchokera ku gombe lotchedwa zone littoral. Apa, chisangalalo cha madzi mafunde - chodabwitsa wamba. Unachititsa zamoyo kuti azolowere kusintha tsiku la kukhala mu madzi ndi mu mlengalenga. Komanso, zamoyo izi zonse anakhudzidwa ndi chakuti kutentha, kusintha amenewa ndi kukasambira. Kupulumuka mu zinthu izi, nkhono dwi miyala, nkhanu anali kumvetsa zikhadabu nsomba ali suckers wapadera. A nkhanu ndi starfish anaphunzira kukumba mu nthaka.

Zoni lotsatira - bathyal. Umayamba pa akuya 200 m, ndipo itha pa akuya 2000 m. Bathyal zone ili mkati otsetsereka chokhala. The zomera za dera limeneli ndi osauka kwambiri, chifukwa dzuŵa akuya angagwe. Koma apa pali kunyumba kwa nsomba zizinji.

malo Komanso otchedwa abyssal nthambi. Iwo ili pa akuya makilomita oposa awiri. Pali anafooka madzi ndi otsika kutentha stably. Ocean amenewa pa akuya kuti akhoza kufika 34,7%, kuwala kwina kwathunthu. Zomera m'dera umaimiridwa ndi mitundu ya tizilombo algae. A zomera za m'nyanja za mchere ndi zachilendo kwambiri. Nyama ndi wofatsa ndi wosalimba. mitundu muli zokhudzana yaitali kudalira pansi yomata ndipo kuiwala. Ena zikakhala ndi maso chachikulu, koma ena ali kwina kwathunthu. mitundu ya nsomba pansi pa nyanja ndi mosabisa, ena zamoyo amatha kuwala.

nyama ndi zomera kwambiri madzi akadali asanamvetsetse, chifukwa obadwa kwa kuya kwambiri n'kovuta, osati anthu komanso zida kafukufuku. kafukufuku Ponseponse ntchito kudziletsa injini submersibles. Koma moyo wa zone littoral ndi bathyal wakhala anaphunzira kwambiri.

Chuma cha nyanja apatse anthu gwero chakudya kwambiri. Ndipo Chofunika, kuti magetsi ladzala ndi mavitamini ndi mosavuta zidyeke mapuloteni. Mu chakudya oimira oyenera osati a nyama komanso zomera. Chinthu chachikulu kuti anthu sankaona gwero la sizidzatha ndipo anaphunzira kuchitira mosamala ndi mouma.