Bolshaya Dmitrovka mu Moscow: mbiriyakale, zowoneka ndi malo pa mapu a Moscow

Dmitrovka ndi umodzi mwa misewu woyamba wa Moscow. Anasiya kudziwika m'nthawi ya chinayi monga njira yaikulu malonda Dmitrov - mzinda wapafupi kwa Volga, yomwe inali doko mtsinje. Panopa msewu lili ku Central Administrative District mwa likulu.

Mapangidwe a m'mudzi

Sloboda mbali zonse msewu wa Dmitrov anayamba kutenga mawonekedwe mu zaka za m'ma XIV. Zambiri za anthu inkakhala amisiri ndi amalonda. Sloboda anadzatchedwa Dmitrov, popeza anthu ambiri anali ku mzinda womwewo.

zaka XVI-XVII

M'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi-chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri, anthu Dmitrov midzi akhala adasamutsidwa kutali ndi boma la Russia. Ulendowu unali yomasulira m'madera yabwino kwa anthu otchuka m'deralo. Pamene mzinda osauka, mumzinda anali kupita patsogolo pa msewu. Tsopano kuli anthu m'dera linadzatchedwa Little Dmitrov Pamudzi.

XVIII m'ma

Pakati pa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu, midzi yonse ankatengedwa misewu n'kugwira dzina mofanana lero - Dmitrovka Malaya Dmitrovka, Novoslobodskaya Street.

nduna anaika momasuka ndi ambiri: The pabwalo chimakwirira okhala lonse, nyumba anali atazunguliridwa ndi outbuildings, minda ndi minda. Pa msewu, momwe inu mukhoza kuyenda kwa earthworks, amene anapita pa mzere wa boulevards ano. Iwo anachita Dmitrovskie pachipata msewu ali. Pamene m'malo kutsinde anayamba kumanga ndi njerwa mpanda wa White City, pamwamba chipata sanalembemo. Monga ndimayembekezera, ichi chinali chifukwa nkhawa chitetezo. Gates, amadziwika kuti mfundo ya chiopysezo kwambiri mu mpanda wolimba kwambiri. Choncho, Dmitrovka anakhala kutchinga khoma. Natural malangizo a msewu ndi akusokoneza.

Mbiri ya nyumba nambala 1

M'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri pa malo kumanga Nyumba Noble, adadzikometsera chuma cha Volyn. Munda anakhalabe wolowa a fuko lomveka mpaka cha m'ma XVIII. Kenako nyumba nambala 1 anapita kwa kazembe-General Dolgoruky-Crimea likulu - Prince, amene watenga mwana wa Boyar Volyn mkazi. K nyumba zikupezeka 1782 anasonkhana pamodzi ndi mazana atatu ndi makumi asanu mayadi mayadi lalikulu zogundana kusuta mpaka George obisika. Mu chaka chomwecho, kuti mwini latsopano wakhala anamangidwira kudziwika kwa tsiku lino ndime Nyumba ya Nyumba ya Trade okhaokha. Mlembi wa polojekiti anali wamanga Kazakov. Akamaliza wa nyengo ya mabwalo a milandu wolemekezeka kumanga wa Assembly Noble anali kutumikira monga kudzachita zoimbaimba. Pafupifupi otchuka zonse zafikapo maonekedwe a nyumbayi.

Str. Dmitrovka ndi kunyumba kwa zipilala ambiri mbiri ya likulu. Pakati pawo ndi Nyumba ya mabungwe Trade. Nyumba imeneyi ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha zomangamanga chakale, inamangidwa m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu. Old uchikumbe adakali udindo wa mbiri Moscow ngale, ndi chiyamiko chonse cha khama la omanga talente wamanga ndi nkhawa nyumba imeneyi zodabwitsa. Nyumba iyi zimatetezedwa ndi boma monga ndi chipilala mapulani.

Nyumba nambala 2

Bolshaya Dmitrovka anali malo okhala akalonga Cherkassky. Oimira banja ili wamkuru ndi womveka ankakhala m'nyumba nambala 2 mpaka chiyambi cha m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri. Mu 1821 nyumbayo anakongoletsa. Mu 1869 msonkhano Luso Circle inachitika m'kati mwa makoma ake. Mamembala a yotsirizira sanali kokha odziwika ojambula zithunzi. Iwo anachezeredwa ndi Ostrovsky, Tchaikovsky, Pisemsky.

Tsogolo la nyumba zina

Pa msewu. Dmitrovka anali m'mabwalo yambiri wachokera ku Prince Vyazemsky ndi Kozlovsky, boyars Streshneva, Saltykov, Buturlin, Sheremetyevo ndi ena. M'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu, iwo wotanganidwa pafupifupi msewu wonse, pang'onopang'ono chimakankhira nyumba ya oimira magulu ena. Kupatulapo anali mpingo prichet. Munda yaikulu dziko anakafika chuma chawo pansi kwa msewu. Tver, Saltykov anali. Nyumba zikuluzikulu pa nambala 17, tsopano kulamulidwa ndi zisudzo Nemirovich-Danchenko ndi Stanislavsky. Poyambirira, m'munda wokongola agwilitse pafupifupi lonse mzinda chipika unagawanika nyumba.

Kapangidwe ka chiwerengero chimodzi

The eni woyamba wa nyumba anali akalonga Scherbatova, ndiye anasamukira Solodovnikov (amalonda). Ndi nawo mwachindunji yamasika mu masiku oyambirira zaka mazana makumi awiri anali zayamba redone nyumba pa up. Dmitrovka, 6. Operetta Theatre, unapangidwa bungwe mwa mpanda wa nyumba anakongoletsa, komabe amasangalala connoisseurs. Masiku ambiri phokoso ndi kuwala zida tikhoza ili mu chipinda yakale momasuka wokongola.

Tirhana Library pa Big Dmitrovka

Russian State Library of Tirhana otchedwa wapatali zochokera chuma cha luso dziko ndi chikhalidwe, komanso kutsogolera sayansi ndi zambiri bungwe la dziko. Mapangidwe ndi maonekedwe a kamangidwe ka nyumbayi zinachitika m'zaka chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu-chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi. nyumbayi ndi chitsanzo chabwino classicism okhwima. wapakamwa wake wafika masiku athu ndi kusintha kochepa. Nthawi zina, munda anali N. E. Myasoedov ndi FA Tolstoy. Yotsirizira ali kusonkhanitsa chuma cha Asilavo-Russian mabuku oyambirira kusindikizidwa ndi mipukutu, zomwe iye anagulitsa kwa laibulale ya St. Petersburg mu 1820. Posakhalitsa, iye anapita pansi nyundo, ndipo nyumbayo. Chiyambireni cha 1830 iye anali kutchulidwa ndi Directorate wa Theaters Imperial. Kenako mu nyumba ino anagwidwa ndi matauni aakulu zisudzo sukulu. Pofuna kuwonjezera pabwalo anamanga awiri zambiri nyumba ndi okonzeka ndi holo kuvina. The kusukulu ankakhala ndi ophunzira ndi aphunzitsi.

Panopa mwapadera kutetezedwa mkati mwa theka zoyambirira za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, mwina anasunga mu nyumbayi lero.

Dmitrovka, 26

Bungwe Federation ndi pa adiresi iyi kuyambira 1994. Zovuta nyumba anaonekera mu 1983. Pamwamba polojekiti ntchito amisiri udindo Sverdlovsk ndi Pokrovsky. Kukuchitika pamodzi msewu kumanzere thupi kenako adzamangidwenso. kumanja wakhala anamanganso ku nyumba analipo. Poyamba nyumba iyi moyo O. P. Leve. Ntchito yomanga nyumba idadzazidwa ikuchitika zaka 1884-1885. Zykov kwa polojekiti. Pa nthawi imene 1934-1937. kukonza kwa nkhope yake mogwirizana ndi ndiye yapamwamba pa constructivism.

mzaka zana makumi awiri

Mu 1920s oyambirira Dmitrovka mwachidule anakhala msewu Ezhena Pote - "The Internationale," woyambitsa ndi yogwira ophunzira mu Paris kulankhula. Mu 1937 izo anadzatchedwa Pushkin. Ichi chinali chifukwa cha centenary imfa ndakatulo a. Mu 1994 yekha, msewu atabwerera ku dzina lake mbiri.

Ntchito dongosolo m'dera pansi pa Big Dmitrovka linamalizidwa mu September 2013. m'litali ndi pang'ono zosakwana kilometre limodzi (900 m). Mu ndondomeko ya kusintha kwa msewu zinachititsa kuti pamakoma a nyumba makumi atatu mphambu zisanu ndi ziwiri, ankaiphwasula zosafunika kukula signage ndi zikwangwani. Old magetsi msewu anachotsa, malo awo adzakhala atsopano, osati zokhudzana ndi mzake ndi mawaya, kaduka. Komanso kuposa ya sofas msewu ndi mabenchi lubwe ndi 180 florists ndi 71 urn.

Pomaliza

Dmitrovka - ndi misewu odziwika mwa likulu. Pakali pano, ndi pafupi kwathunthu pansi. Muscovites ndi alendo amakonda kuyenda pamodzi nyumba, popeza odzipereka mzimu si nyengo yomweyo.