Boma yakale zikutanthauza ... lamulo Constitutional

Secularism - chimodzi mwa zizindikiro lofunika kwambiri la lamakono wa modernized. Lero, mfundo imeneyi aikidwa mu malamulo a mayiko ambiri.

dongosolo aboma

Lingaliro la "boma yolembedwa" zikutanthauza kuti boma amasulidwa kulambira aliyense, miyambo yake yokhudzana ndi mbalume. Ndi ikukonzekera ichi mphamvu sangakhoze kutengera oimira magulu osiyanasiyana zachipembedzo. boma yakale zikutanthauza kuti mapeto a maphunziro onse, malamulo ndi andale amakonzedwa mosiyana mpingo.

Onse malamulo pamwamba ndi enshrined mu Russian Constitution. Russian Federation - boma yolembedwa. Mfundo imeneyi zinanenedwa mu ndime 1 Article 14 ya malamulo oyendetsera dziko. Secularism - mmodzi wa maziko a masiku ano andale a Russia. Kusonyeza ndi muyezo wa zofuna za zipembedzo ndi boma. Komanso, secularism - mmodzi wa zotsatira za zoletsa mfundo ku Russia.

mbiri nkhani

Lachitsanzo amakono a boma kusanduka patapita zaka zambiri. nthawi yonseyi akuluakulu osiyana kumanga ubale wa chipembedzo ndipo chipembedzo. Mu masiku akale mpingo (m'lingaliro wodziika mawu, osati Christian) unachita yaikulu anthu onse. Mpaka mapeto a Ages Middle chipembedzo osati chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa anthu, ndi kuvomerezedwa mbalume. Mutu zipembedzo (Papa Patriarches Caliphates olamulira ndi T. D.) Womwe mphamvu zazikulu.

State ndi chipembedzo akumenya mosalekeza mphamvu. Mwachitsanzo, mu Russia ndi atasemphana zinachititsa vuto la XVII atumwi, pamene nkhondo lotseguka nkhondo pakati pa Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich ndi mabishopu, Nikon. Mu heyday yaikulu kwambiri ayambe mpingo kuyesera kupeza ntchito za mphamvu wamkulu. Nthawi zambiri, komabe wafuna kuti akhazikitse muyezo wa khalidwe la anthu, zonse moyo mothandizidwa malamulo wopatulika. The zambiri chipembedzo akuyesera kuti amukope zinthu mu dziko, zambiri mosalephera izo merging ndi boma. Komanso, pamene chipembedzo chinachake kufika udindo waukulu, ndi kuyesa kukana ayambe kuphunzitsa ena. Kukhala nduna, mpingo uyamba moyo pa boma ndalama. Mwachitsanzo, mu Russia mpaka 1917 ya Russian Orthodox analandira kwa mamilioni wamkulu wa rubles kwa yokonza makina anu ndi kumanga mipingo yatsopano.

Limba mphamvu, ndipo mpingo

Pa mbiri yaitali anthu a boma ndi chipembedzo afika yaitali zamoyo zinachita njira. A zimakhudza kwambiri pa chitukuko anali sayansi. Mkubwela kwa chinthu ichi masiku ano kulambira pa anthu anayamba kuchepa mphamvu. Pa nthawi yomweyo kuti State kuti muyambenso udindo wake. An mphambano zofunika pa njira anali zaka makumi atatu nkhondo 1618-1648 gg. Mkangano limati European anayamba monga mwambo akale achipembedzo, ndipo zinatha chipambane zofuna dziko ndi boma la wongodzinenera lapansi. The mayiko a World Old zasintha. Pang'onopang'ono, anthu ambiri makampani zizindikiro zonse zimaoneka kwambiri a boma yolembedwa. Zimenezi inatha kulekana kwa mpingo.

Pafupifupi nthawi zonse secularism anaonekera chifukwa cha njira boma. Pofuna tichotse chikoka ambiri chipembedzo, boma anayamba Sinthani zipangizo zawo. mabungwe achipembedzo anathetsa kapena kuwadula ofesi. Imachitikanso kusiya kupembedza. mpingo watenga malo, malo ndi katundu wapatali. Zonse izi nationalized. Mu dziko lathu, misonkhano amenewa ikuchitika pansi Peter III, ndipo pambuyo 1917. Russian boma - boma boma, amene maziko anaikidwa m'nyengo Soviet ndi pang'ono kusintha chirichonse mu 1990s TH.

Malo a mpingo mmadera

Pamene chitsanzo yakale ya mpingo boma wotaya ena mphamvu. Iwo sangakhoze kulembetsa kubadwa, ukwati, imfa, ndi zonse achibale ndi m'banja. Zipembedzo ndi akumanidwa mwayi wofalitsa ndale. Kwenikweni, kumatha mabungwe onse a mpingo mu makina boma. Mu Russia mpaka 1917 monga analipo Synod.

boma yakale chikutanthawuza kuti mpingo sangathenso zimakhudza zochitika za boma. Pa nthawi yomweyo boma la mtundu wofatsa akupitiriza kusonkhezera dera achipembedzo. Anapanga lamulo malamulo a ntchito za mabungwe a mpingo. boma zambiri amagwirizana ndi iwo pothetsa nkhani za chikhalidwe. Lamulo ndi maulamuliro chofunika chifukwa mitundu yonse ya magulu chikhulupiriro ofotokoza akhoza kukhala kuswana pansi zikamera kwa mipatuko opondereza ndi madera.

Russian lachitsanzo

Ku Russia ndi boma yakale ndipo ngakhale chakuti nzika amayenda ufulu wa chipembedzo ndi chikumbumtima. Anthu angatanthauze okha chipembedzo chirichonse kapena ayi kulozera kwa aliyense. Nzika ili yonse ili ndi ufulu wosankha, kusintha ndi kufalitsa chikhulupiriro chawo. Chimodzimodzi mphamvu yomweyo akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito nkhani States ena mwalamulo pa gawo la Chitaganya cha Russia.

Palibe ayenera kulengeza maganizo awo ku ziphunzitso za chipembedzo. Aliyense ayenera kukakamizidwa kuthandauza kwa chipembedzo ndi kusiya chikhulupiriro. Koletsedwa kukakamizidwa kukhala asilikali a ana n'kukhala chipembedzo popanda chilolezo cha makolo awo. Malinga ndi mfundo ntchito yophunzitsa mu masukulu a.

NKHANI anthu akudziko

mbali yofunika ya boma aboma ali misampha ya mphamvu. Maulamuliro ndi m'dera wodzilamulira akhoza asapite ntchito zawo miyambo ya chipembedzo pagulu kapena miyambo.

ulamuliro imeneyi imagwira ntchito kwa akuluakulu onse. Palibe yothandiza anthu kugwiritsa ntchito udindo wake kukakamiza atumiki ake kuchita miyambo ina yachipembedzo. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi asilikali. Kulemekeza mphamvu ya nzika za chipembedzo - ndicho chimene icho ndi dziko yolembedwa.

Secularism mu dziko lamakono

Masiku ano, ngakhale zonse, kupitiriza apitiriza boma lomwe lili mwini chipembedzo cha boma. Mwachitsanzo, ndi Israel (Chiyuda), England (cha Anglican Church) , ndi zina zotero. D. Mu ambiri m'mayiko anakhazikitsa Kuyanjana pakathi pa zipembedzo zonse (Germany, Japan, Italy ndi zina zotero. D.). Komanso ofunika ponena boma payokha zauzimu zomwe mphamvu wamkulu wa mpingo. A chitsanzo chapadera cha dongosolo ndiyo Vatican.

Mukutanthauza chiyani boma dzikoli? mphamvu imene si anaphatikizidwa mpingo. A kasinthidwe ofanana alipo m'chigawo zachipembedzo, koma pali mu izo, ndi zosiyana ofunika. Mu dongosolo ili, mpingo mothandizidwa ndi mabungwe malamulo bwanji mphamvu zochita. zikuyendera mogwirizana ndi mkhalapakati, amene Komabe, sikuti kufooketsa mmene amagwiritsa ntchito pa moyo wa anthu. Mwachitsanzo, sukulu zachipembedzo boma kwenikweni anaphunzira mbalume achipembedzo.

mgwirizano wa legislations

Secularism mu mbali yake panopa chitukuko ndi zonse zotsutsana. zodabwitsazi ikusintha yosiyana, nthawi zina zotsutsana ndi malangizo mzake. Masiku ano izo zachitika zosiyanasiyana sikunachitekepo makamaka limati boma. Ndi chifukwa wapadera malamulo, chikhalidwe ndi umoyo ndale chitukuko cha lililonse dziko.

Lero Institute of secularism amakhala ambiri kudalirana kwa dziko. Izi, mwa zina, kuthandiza makhalidwe a mgwirizano (mgwirizano) legislations a m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, azimuth anakumana nawo Russian Federation yokha. boma boma m'dziko lathu inamangidwa pa chitsanzo kumadzulo. Kwambiri kuposa chidwi chitsanzo cha mgwirizano ndi European Union. The mayiko a World Old, m'gulu bungwe ili, kuona zotsatira za ndondomeko kusakanikirana. malamulo ku dziko lawo pafupi pamodzi ndi umodzi.

zosiyanasiyana secularism

Kuwonjezera kachitidwe wa mgwirizano mu chitukuko cha secularism ali mwaona ndi malamulo ena. Imodzi yofunika kwambiri - osiyana. Ndi kuyesetsa kuchita osiyana mfundo zawo kwa mpingo. M'mawu ena, osiyana a mgwirizano zosiyana. Thandizani adzadziwire boma yakuthupi, ngakhale umembala EU, akuluakulu aboma tsopano kuyesera France ndi Germany. Chotero ndondomeko umaonekanso m'mayiko ena.

Yerekezerani zinachitikira m'mayiko osiyanasiyana zimasonyeza kuti zonse ndi nzeru zawo za secularism. Komanso, maganizo kuti chipembedzo lero kusintha. Dziko wonse unadzipereka yodziwika ndi kusinthika mofulumira kuti ntchito makumi anakhala ndi zaka. Panopa secularism polysemic - angapo ndipo osiyanasiyana. Pa nthawi yomweyo kwina kulikonse mfundo ziwiri zofunika - loletsa pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa kulekana kuvomerezedwa chipembedzo ndi zipembedzo ndi boma.