BRDM-2: ikukonzekera, ntchito, sewerolo, chithunzi. reconnaissance oti muli nazo zida ndi kulondera galimoto

Anthu oposa theka zaka zapitazo ndi asilikali Soviet analowa BRDM-2. Russia anapitiriza chilengedwe cha zida za nkhondo. makina angapezeke pa malo ankhondo kutali. Ndipo osati Russia komanso m'mayiko ena. Pali ngakhale mwayi kugula BRDM-2 ndi kuteteza ntchito. Komabe, zinthu zimenezi, Sizikudziwika mmene zinthu galimoto pambuyo kugona wa zaka zochepa. makina uzigwirizana ndi ntchito zake. Iwo tinganene kuti n'chabwino kwambiri galimoto, amene "akhoza".

galimoto oti muli nazo zida ali maneuverability mkulu pa dziko, zopinga madzi, mu kutali msewu zinthu, zigwembe ndiponso ngalande. Pitani kulikonse kuthandiza mawilo zambiri, sipangakhalenso chikugwirizana ngati n'koyenera. Ngati iwo sangakhoze kupirira, kuthandiza winch. Galimoto ali ndi digiri yapamwamba ya manja ndi chitetezo zisaonongeke kunja. Nkhondowo gawo zikuphatikizapo mfuti za makina, launchers grenade ndi zida zina za likungosonyeza osiyana.

wopanga

Oti muli nazo zida reconnaissance ndi kulondera galimoto 2 (BRDM-2) analengedwa pa Gorky galimoto Bzalani mu nthawi kuchokera 1963 mpaka 1982 zitatha zaka 7 za makina zinalengedwa pa Arzamas makina zomanga mbewu. Pa nthawi yomweyo kupanga wakhazikitsidwa m'mayiko ena. Ena mwa iwo anali Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Mu 1962, alipo Russian magalimoto oti muli nazo zida anali wodzilemekeza ndi chitsanzo latsopano, wotchedwa BRDM-2. Iwo anayamba kupanga mwa okonza Ofesi Special wa Gorky galimoto Bzalani motsogozedwa ndi VA Dedkova. makina nkhondo anali kukhala m'malo mwa BRDM-1 lotha mwa ndiye.

Chitsanzo choyamba anali yodziwika ndi pamaso pa zovuta kwambiri. Pakati pawo inali mu injini kutsogolo ndi mphamvu malita 90. m., ofooka firepower, kwambiri kulemera, osalola galimoto akonzekeretse zida zina. Choncho, Kumayambiriro a 1959 oti muli nazo zida kulamulira dziko chikalata mawu Buku makina zomanga chomera kumanga magalimoto ndi bwino ntchito.

magalimoto ankhondo BRDM-2 kuwoloka zopinga madzi ndi ngalande lonse. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, makina anali okonzeka ndi madzi ndege zosagwiritsa wagawo pa thupi, kukokera odzigudubuza, amene actuated ndi injini chachikulu.

Panthawi imeneyi, kampani anayamba GAZ-66 galimoto kupanga (amadziwika pansi pa dzina "Shishiga"). Chifukwa iyi okonza akanakhoza kutenga zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri kulenga BRDM-2. ikukonzekera chitsanzo m'munsi anapangidwa ntchito m'madera ambiri ochokera "shishiga". Amenewa anali milatho HIV, powertrain ndi mbali zina.

Kusiyana pakati pa chitsanzo watsopano kuchokera achidule

Matayala ATV mibadwo awiri ankasiyana specifications. BRDM-2 angapo ubwino pa kuloŵedwa m'malo:

• Kukweza galimoto ntchito.

• Analimbitsa mphamvu kumenyana.

• The digiri yapamwamba ya chitetezo.

• Panali chitetezo odana nyukiliya.

• The injini anaika kumbuyo, motero patsogolo permeability wa ngozi madzi.

• Chifukwa ntchito ndi zomwe (mbadwo wake, kutengerapo) lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito dongosolo wailesi.

makhalidwe amenewa amasiyanitsa chitsanzo watsopano BRDM-2. Photos adzakhala n'chiyani kusintha motani maonekedwe a galimoto. Bronezaschitnye thupi anali okonzeka ndi m'ma 1960. Koma latsopano galimotoyo zigawo ndi powertrain sanali komabe. Choncho, iwo ankayenera kuti atenge mofanana mu Baibulo m'mbuyomu. Mu kasinthidwe iyi ATVs asilikali uja anafika pa mayeso. Koma izi zachititsa kuti misa ya ndemanga negative.

Kuipa kwa lachitsanzo Kupha kwawo

magalimoto ankhondo pa mayeso adalandira ndemanga zotsatirazi:

• Makokedwe, umene umabala injini wamphamvu kwambiri, kufala si opatsirana yonse.

• Galimoto anasonyeza kuti wosakhazikika pa ngodya. Izi anali mothandizidwa ndi yopapatiza galimoto njirayo, amene anapanga likuvutika milatho okhazikika "shishiga". Pachifukwa ichi, galimoto sakanakhoza kusuntha m'njira thanki.

• The turret lotseguka, lomwe linaikidwa zida, sanali kuteteza chowombelera. Komanso, nkhani imeneyi negated chitetezo odana nyukiliya.

• Mkati galimoto anali kunja pang'ono kwambiri, zomwe sanakhutire oyendetsa.

• Bad review, amene atseka chimango ya makina (kumbuyo view) ndi dalaivala (kumanja mbali view).

Anakumana zitsanzo BRDM-2, ikukonzekera amene anapitiriza anagwidwa ndi asilikali. Koma n'zosadabwitsa, kuŵeta anali konse anayamba. Izi zinathandiza zotsutsana pa turret lotseguka, omwe sankasangalala usilikali. Choncho, okonza anafunika kusintha kwa polojekiti yanu. Iwo anakhazikitsa Kuthetheka PKT ndi KPVT pakati pa makina nyumba. Dongosolo limeneli sanali bwanji patency (kuphatikizapo zowopseza madzi). Koma pa chowombelera womwewu umabisika m'nyumba galimoto kuyendetsa yowotcha zozungulira. odana nyukiliya ntchito chitetezo dongosolo si akusokoneza. The sangathe anali kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha oyendetsa pa munthu mmodzi. danga Internal wakhala ngakhale ang'onoang'ono.

kupanga siriyo inali yowawa kwambiri. Kwa zaka 25, iwo anamasulidwa magalimoto 9,5 yekha zikwi.

BRDM-2: ikukonzekera fakitale

Pa kupanga galimoto yake yakhala bwino kangapo. Ngakhale ndi kuona kunja akhoza kukhala zitsanzo wolemekezeka wa zaka loyamba ndi lomaliza.

Choncho, oyambirira ATVs asilikali anali hatches awiri imene mpweya umene ukubwera. Ndi mawonekedwe trapezoidal, iwo atsekedwa ndi chivundikiro chimene chikuyamba chammbuyo. Pakati pa ulimi wa hatches awiri anali amakona anayi mu mawonekedwe ndi khungu chatsekedwa. The zitsanzo kuti anamasulidwa mu makumi asanu ndi awiri a hatches ndi anaiika zisoti 6, akufanana ndi bowa. Izi zathandiza kuteteza injini.

adalira

Russian magalimoto oti muli nazo zida panali gulu la anthu 4:

• Commander.

• Dalaivala-makaniko.

• Scout.

• Scout, amenenso ndi chowombelera mfuti.

Mkulu woyendetsa mu zinthu munda amachititsa kuonerera kudzera kuonera mazenera kuti akhoza kutseka pamene zofunika ndi lids oti muli nazo zida. Pa kumenyanako, kusunga mkulu amagwiritsa periscope. Komanso, pali zipangizo prismatic. 4 mayunitsi kwa mtsogoleri wawo, ndipo 6 - chifukwa zimango. Kuyendera malo pa mkulu usiku ndi dalaivala-makaniko ntchito usiku zipangizo masomphenya: TVN-2B ndi TKN-1C, motero. Umalowa mkati mwa hatches akhoza adzaikidwa pamwamba pa thupi.

M'gululi anayikidwa pa mbali ya nkhondoyo chipinda. Pakuti aliyense wa iwo anapereka mpando theka-olimba. Kuyangana kaja imagwiridwa kupyolera recess anakonza mkati iwo zipangizo atatu prismatic. Nearby hatches ndi chimakwirira kuti ntchito yowotcha zida munthu.

kapangidwe

Kamangidwe BRDM-2 motere:

• Front - kulekana kwa kasamalidwe. Nawa amazilamulira, wailesi, zipangizo navigation, malo dalaivala ndi mtsogoleri, kuwayang'anira zipangizo mtunda.

• Mu mwezi wa - kumenyana chipinda. Ndi likulu la nsanjayo, amene anapereka mfuti. Pali zida, hayidiroliki nkhosa zina mawilo mipando iwiri pa linzake lapansi.

• Pa kumbuyo - injini chipinda. Iwo olekanitsidwa otsala a kugawa makina losindikizidwa ndi sefa unit. Kuti tifike unit mphamvu ndi kupezeka ndi zitseko kulumikizidwa.

choncho yokha unapangidwa adagulung'undisa zitsulo pepala TACHIMATA ndi wosanjikiza zida (6-10 mm). Zimenezi zimateteza makina kuchokera makombo a manja ang'ono ndi mabomba yaing'ono likungosonyeza wanga.

Zofunika BRDM-2

The injini ntchito makina carbureted V woboola pakati 8 yamphamvu. Njinga mphamvu ndi malita 140. a. Popanda refueling makina akhoza kuyenda 750 Km ndi dziko kapena maola 15 pamene ikuyenda mwa madzi. Thanki mafuta 280 malita. Pali galimoto galimoto Buku chiyambi.

Yozizira madzi, anatseka mtundu. Refrigerant ndi akufalitsa kudzera forcedly dongosolo.

Galimotoyo BRDM-2 ikukonzekera pang'ono anakhudzidwa. Ambiri, ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi BRDM lapansi. makina amagwira ntchito milato kuwiri. Pamene galimoto pamsewu n'zotheka kulumikiza milatho awiri. Izi zikhoza kuchitika mothandizidwa ndi galimoto hayidiroliki.

Cacikulu miyeso ya makina:

• Msinkhu - 2395 mm.

• M'lifupi - 2350 mm.

• Utali - 5750 mm.

• Wheelbase - 3100 mm.

• Ground chilolezo - 330 m.

• Front njanji - 1840 mm.

• Kumbuyo njanji - 1790 mm.

Machine umalemera pafupifupi 7 matani. M'menemo pansi mavuto makilogalamu 0,5-2,7 / masentimita ^2.

masika kuyimitsidwa. Akasupe ndi mawonekedwe theka-elliptical. Wheel chilinganizo - 4x4, ngati inu kulumikiza zina milatho awiri - 8x8.

Turo kuthamanga akhoza kufufuzidwa pakati. Lekani uyu sindiye kuti kusintha zili zotheka ngakhale pa amapita. Pamene galimoto pa chipale chofewa, omwe wosanjikiza si upambana 30 cm, tayala siziyenera yafupika. Machine imagwera kupyolera chisanu ndi mawilo kuchita pansi.

Front wokwera winch nyumba. Timatha galimoto samovytaskivatsya. The winch ali ndi mphamvu kukoka matani 3,9. M'litali chingwe chake ndi 50 m.

Liwiro, amene akufotokozera gudumu onse mtunda-magalimoto pamene galimoto pamsewu ndi 95-100 Km / h. Pamene ikuyenda mwa madzi, chizindikiro ichi yafupika 8-10 km / h.

makina amatha kugonjetsa zopinga msinkhu umene ukufika 0.4 m. Kuya kwa mtsinje, amene Angakugonjetseni makina ukufika 1,22 m. Bridgeable kuwuka ndi madigiri 30.

zosintha

Inakhazikitsa matayala ATV BRDM-2 ndi zosintha angapo. Iwo amapangidwa m'mayiko osiyanasiyana.

Pa Arzamas makina zomanga zomera kuwonjezera achidule likupezeka Baibulo la BRDM-2M (A). Izi chitsanzo matayala dongosolo gulu m'malo ndi zitseko trapezoidal. N'zotheka kuchepetsa kulemera kwa galimoto. Kuyimitsidwa anaitenga ku BTR 80. Pamene mphamvu wagawo yakwera turbocharged injini dizilo. mphamvu ndi 136 malita. a. BRDM-2A Baibulo ndi lowonjezera ndi wailesi kusankha mitundu iwiri. Zida mfuti (7.62 ndi 14.5 mm).

Pa m'dera la Ukraine linatulutsidwa zosintha chabe. Mu 1999, Nikolayev anasonkhana Baibulo la BRDM-2LD ndi injini latsopano. chitsanzo ichi chakhala ntchito pa nkhondo ku Kosovo. Patatha zaka 6 Nikolayev anapereka kusinthidwa zina - BRDM-2DI "Khazar". Wokwera dizilo injini "Iveco" ndi preheating, matenthedwe imager ndi zida zatsopano.

Awiri zosintha zina anasonkhana ku Kiev. Woyamba amatchedwa BRDM-2DP. Zinali zosiyana zochepa kulemera, zimene mbali njira kuwonjezeka patency zinachotsedwa. M'malo mwake, anaika latsopano injini kapangidwe kugonjetsa ngalande (kunkhondo), mbali khomo la thupi paratroopers lapansi. Kusintha ya zida. The kusinthidwa lachiwiri la Kiev anaonekera mu 2013. mawilo zina kuchotsedwa. Kuwonjezera wailesi, injini dizilo ndi mphamvu ya malita 155. m., chikhomo nyali kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo hatches kwa paratroopers. Kusintha nkhondowo mayunitsi.

zosintha angapo akufuna kuti Poland. Woyamba BRDM-2M-96I anaonekera mu 1997. M'zaka dongosolo ananyema latsopano ndi injini dizilo, "Iveco" 6 yamphamvu. The kusinthidwa wachiwiri anafika mu 2003. Iwo ankatchedwa BRDM-2M-96IK "mimbulu". A latsopano injini bwino dizilo "Iveco" 6 yamphamvu. Complementing galimoto wailesi, mpweya, protivokummulyativnymi latticed zowonetsera. Kusintha likungosonyeza wokwera makina mfuti. kusinthidwa Last opangidwa ku Poland - BRDM-2M-97 "Zbik B". Pa chitsanzo ichi popanda latsopano asanu yamphamvu injini dizilo "Iveco" akhazikitsa HIV watsopano ndi zina zipangizo zina.

kusinthidwa wina anali pamodzi Belarus. Iwo ankatchedwa BRDM-2MB1. Iye anavula mawilo maphunziro ndi injini, kulola kuyenda pa madzi. Model zida 155-ndiyamphamvu injini dizilo, wailesi, kanema anaziika, hatches kwa Asilikali pa mbali ya thupi. Kusinthidwa utumiki. Adalira kuchuluka kwa anthu 7.

Mu 2013, buku la "Nibbler" zoperekedwa kwa Azerbaijan. Jets madzi ndi mawilo zina kuchotsedwa. Powerplant anaika mphamvu malita 150. a. Bwino chitetezo wanga. Wokwera hatches kwa paratroopers, nsanja makina mfuti kwa mayunitsi ankhondo (roketi launchers wa likungosonyeza osiyana, anthu awiri barreled mfuti).

Kazakhstan zoperekedwa kwa kusinthidwa mu chaka chomwecho. Unit mphamvu m'malo mwa mbewu dizilo "Iveco". M'malo mwa milatho. Iwo anatengedwa kuchokera BTR 80. Chifukwa ichi kuchuluka njanji. masika kuyimitsidwa kuyambira achidule. Kusinthidwa amatchedwa BRDM-zolakwa.

kusinthidwa ake anali ku Czech Republic (LOTI-B, LOTI-V), Serbia (Kurјak).

BRDM-2 monga maziko kulenga magalimoto

Zochokera BRDM-2 (Cipangizo amene Tingaone m'nkhani ino) ayamba kukhala magalimoto cholinga chapadera. Iwo anayamba zimenezi pasanapite nthawi kuchokera pa chiyambi cha ulimi BRDM-2.

Kale mu 1964, okonza chinayamba chitsanzo mankhwala reconnaissance. Iwo ankatchedwa BRDM-2px kapena "Dolphin". makina anayamba kupanga cholinga cha Kufufuza mankhwala, bacteriological, lathu radiological. Makamaka kumaliza Baibulo ndi awa:

• Chipangizo kwa kuyeza kuchuluka kwa kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya ndi cheza (Radiometer).

• chowunikira mpweya kugwira ntchito mu mode yaotomatiki.

• Roentgenometer.

• chipangizo A chifukwa kupeza Mankhwala oipitsa mankhwala, ntchito mu mode theka-zodziwikiratu.

• Makinawa lophimba kuti anatsimikiza mu kukhalapo kwa mpweya bakiteriya chikhalidwe zosafunika.

Mpweya kudyetsedwa kwa kusanthula kwa zipangizo chitoliro mpweya. Pambuyo mayeso, mpweya akatulutsidwa kunja. The ndondomeko ya kudya ndi ejection kusanthula mpweya umalamulidwa ndi dalaivala. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, mikono iwiri ndi pamaso pake. Kumbuyo galimoto anasiya njira ya kamodzi zizindikiro. Iwo anali mawu "watengera" pa mbendera ndi chikasu. Ichi chidachitika kuti aone njira otetezeka. Mbendera anakhazikitsa njira yapadera ya makina, amene akhoza lizilamuliridwa ku kanyumba zinali.

Kuwonjezera pa pamwamba ananena kuti "Dolphin" Kusiyana kwina pakati osiyana likungosonyeza makina mfuti. Chiwerengero cha anthu oyendetsa kusanduka atatu: kazembe, dalaivala (amene Komanso agwire ntchito makina), Scout (Ndipotu iye anali sayansi).

Mu 1967, zochokera BRDM-2 lalembedwa makina akuluakulu. Izo sizinali nsanja. M'malo mwake, iwo anapereka sunroof, yomwe imatithandiza kumveketsa patsogolo. Danga mkati accommodates mtsogoleri, wailesi woyendetsa.

Mu Mipingo panali mabuku a BRDM-2U. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti, mmalo mwa zida zamagetsi (zomwe anachepetsedwa) anakhazikitsa nsanja kwa mfuti.

Komanso anayamba makina zvukoveschatelnye kuti kumakhala kufala phokoso mphamvu. Amenewa anali zitsanzo:

• 3C-72B, amene kupewa kuuza mayunitsi asilikali. Tower mu izo zatha bala ndi Makaniko. Mlengi wapereka osiyanasiyana kuulutsa 7.5 Km. Tumizani mauthenga akanatha chosonyeza. Only mu nkhani iyi wokamba ayenera ili pa mtunda wa zosaposa theka kilometre kuchokera galimoto.

• 3C 82, pamene mayunitsi kumenyana anaikidwa. Komabe, kusungidwa pa yekha makina wina mfuti turret. Makaniko kuti amveke pafupi naye pa nsanja unali wolunjika pa mtunda wa makilomita 6.

Makina akhala zithandize yonyamula mivi ( "Baby-M", "mpikisano", "diso", "Falanga-P" ndi ena), magalimoto mwadzidzidzi, galimoto ndi mphamvu yogonjetsera madzi chotchinga, zosonkhanitsira ngongole chitsanzo. Kuphunzitsidwa adalira angakhale ndi mwapadera maphunziro zida.