Chiwerengero cha Mphungu ndi Orel. Chiwerengero cha anthu a mumzinda wa Orel

Mutu wa nkhani ino - chiwerengero cha Orel ndi Orel dera. Kodi anthu ambiri amakhala m'dera la Russia, nanga tingachidziwe waukulu zaziwerengero? Mtundu tikukhala mu Orel, nanga chonse cha anthu?

Mphungu - yaing'ono ndi wokongola mzinda, makilomita 350 kuchokera likulu Russian. Ndi malo a m'chigawo homonymous - Orel.

Mphungu - mzinda pa Oka

Mzindawu unali pa onse mtsinje wa Oka Mtsinje. Ambiri ku Russia, iye amadziwika chithunzi chachikulu a mphungu, wokwera pa apakati.

Dzina osaka malo amenewa amagwirizana ndi nthano chidwi, chimene mzinda kotero zayekha yekha Ivan kwambiri. Mu 1566 mfumu analamula kuti amange malo awa linga lolimba amateteza boma chifukwa cholumidwa ndi nthawi ya Crimea Chitata kuchokera kum'mwera. Pamene omanga anayamba azidula mitengo nkhalango m'deralo, ndi wina wa mitengo inaulukira chachikulu ndi zazikulu mphungu. "Ndipo apa pali mbuye wa mzinda!" - anati mmodzi wa amuna. Kumva ndemanga, Ivan Grozny analamula ndipo akutchedwa mzinda tsogolo - Mphungu.

M'nkhani yomweyo ife adzamvetsera nkhani zaziwerengero m'mudzi ndi dera.

Chiwerengero cha Mphungu: kalembera deta atsopano

Zotsatira za kalembera lomaliza Orel analanda kusakhazikika kwa zinthu zaziwerengero mu mzinda. Kotero, kuti kuchokera mu 2002 mpaka 2010, chiwerengero cha Mphungu anthu anakana ndi anthu pafupifupi 18 chikwi. Pakuti 300 zikwi ndithu kwambiri.

Chifukwa depopulation la mzindawo ndi mmene chifukwa m'madera ambiri a Russia zamakono - ndi amafa kwambiri kuposa mlingo kubadwa. Kutalika avareji moyo orlovchan ndi zaka 70. Ndipo pakati pa akazi ndi theka mwamuna wa mzinda chizindikiro ichi pali mwayi kwambiri mokomera akazi (76 ndi 64 motero).

The okha amene azimuth, amene asunga lero mu chiwerengero cha mzinda - ndi pang'ono zabwino kusamuka kukula kwa chiwerengero cha anthu.

Ngati tikulingalira anthu Mphungu ku mawonedwe a yogawa dera lawo, ambiri a anthu onse akukhala Factory malo a mzinda (wina orlovchanin lachitatu ulimoyo kuno). Wamng'ono wa anthu onse mayina a m'dera Railway (20%).

Kapangidwe mtundu wa mzinda mwachilungamo monolithic: pafupifupi 97% ya anthu ndi Russian. Pambali Eagle analinso kunyumba kwa Ukraine (1.1%), Chiameniya (0.4%), Belarusians (0,3%) ndi ena ochokera m'mayiko ena.

Mphungu anthu ndi mphamvu zake ndi zaka

Kumayambiriro a 2015, mzinda ndi kunyumba kwa anthu 317.000. Chimodzimodzi zana zapitazo orlovchan zinali katatu zochepa. Mpaka kumayambiriro 90 ntchentche za anthu a mumzindawo ndi kukula khola. Koma ndiye demographers anayamba kulemba kuchepetsa chaka chilichonse.

Mbiri pazipita chiwerengero chiwerengero Eagle chinalembedwa mu 1995 (anthu 344,000). Koma mu nthawi kuchokera 2000 mpaka 2014 chiwerengero cha anthu anatsika ndi chimodzimodzi 25,000.

Main zaziwerengero mavuto Mphungu

Chiwerengero cha Mphungu, tsoka, yafupika. Ndipo ndi doubly chamanyazi, ngati ife kuganizira pafupifupi abwino moyo nyengo ndi malo oyera a m'deralo. Zima m'malo wofatsa (by mfundo Russian, kumene), chilimwe - osati otentha. Pamalo a - wokongola chikhalidwe. Zingatanthauze kuti mzinda ayenera kukopa nambala yaikulu anthu ofunitsitsa kukhala momwemo. Koma pali lalikulu "koma."

Mu Soviet Union, ambiri mwa makampani mafakitale unakhazikitsidwa Orel. Pakati pawo - pakubwezeretsa, galasi, komanso zomera kupanga makina ndi zipangizo. Lero, anthu onse a magulu awa ali mu ndondomeko ya kutseka. Choncho ziyembekezo za moyo mu mzinda adakali yosokoneza kwambiri.

Pakuti Eagle amakhala ndi mtengo mkulu ulova - peresenti 2.2. Komanso posachedwapa adzatsala mwa ntchito anthu mazana angapo ntchito pa imodzi mwa makampani a. akuluakulu City, ndithudi, kuyesera mwanjira vutolo. Makamaka oyang'anira mzinda, chifukwa mbali kwambiri kumathandiza kuti chitukuko cha ogwira ntchito payekha mu mzinda.

Kupatula depopulation ndi ulova, phunziro ili la Chitaganya cha Russia amakhala ndi vuto lina pachimake zaziwerengero. Izi ambiri "ukalamba" orlovchan. Chaka chilichonse Orel anabadwa ana ang'onoang'ono, choncho m'badwo piramidi mu mzinda ayamba kusuntha kwa anthu achikulire. Komabe, vuto ndi zina chifukwa ambiri a Russian amakono (ndi European mu general) midzi.

Chiwerengero cha m'dera Oryol

765 231 - ndi anthu uwu wa dera Oryol chili pa chiyambi cha 2015. Wapakati kachulukidwe anthu m'dera lino ndi otsika ndi chimachititsa anthu 31 pa mita lalikulu.

The vuto zaziwerengero mu dera wonse ndi ofanana ndi vuto mu mzinda wa Orel. The njira ya depopulation anayamba m'chigawo mu 1990s oyambirira ndipo akupitiriza lero.

The zikuchokera mtundu wa anthu a m'dera lolamuliridwa ndi Russian (za 96 peresenti). Komanso pali Chiyukireniya (1%), Chiameniya (0.5%), Azeris (0.28%) ndi Belarusians (0.24%).

Orlovchane kulankhula kum'mwera ankalankhula chinenero cha Chirasha, chimodzi mwa zinthu zapadera zomwe ndi otchedwa "Chiakani".

Pomaliza ...

Anthu ambiri a m'tauni ya Mphungu akupitiriza kupululuka. Ngati pachiyambi cha mma 1990 munkakhala anthu pafupifupi 340 zikwi, lero - 317.000 yekha. Kuwonjezera pa depopulation wa mzinda amakhala ndi mavuto ena pachimake chikhalidwe - "ukalamba" kuchepekedwa orlovchan yaikulu ntchito.