Khosi: dzina lakale. mawu chakale: mayina a ziwalo

chilankhulo ndi ndondomeko zonse m'malo a lotha mawu atsopano. Ena a iwo kutuluka kayankhulidwe ka, chifukwa sanatchulidwenso ntchito chinthu, yomwe ankati, mwachitsanzo, "kukweza" (lonse ogona pakati pa mbaula ndi khoma) kapena "odula" (a mtundu wa chovala chapamwamba). Ndipo ena pang'onopang'ono m'malo ndi atsopano. Mwachitsanzo, chimakankhira mawu amakono "khosi" lotha dzina a chigawo ichi cha thupi - ". Khosi" A "zikope" wachita kale m'malo mwa Baibulo amakono a "mpaka muyaya."

M'nkhani ino tikambirana za zinatha chinenero cha Russian mayina a ziwalo anthu nanga archaisms, ndi kupitiriza ntchito lero.

mawu chakale: Ziwalo

Pofuna nalo lingaliro la chimene kuitana mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi la munthu mu masiku akale, timapereka yochepa mndandanda wa mayina awo n'chimodzimodzi ndi masiku:

• tsitsi lake - tsitsi;
• nkhope - nkhope;
• pamwamba - ndi pamphumi;
• zikope - ndi zikope;
• apulo - mwana;
• masaya - masaya;
• os - pakamwa;
• milomo - milomo;
• khosi - khosi;
• dzanja lamanja - dzanja lamanja;
• Shuitsev - dzanja lamanzere;
• chala - chala;
• Dzanja - mgwalangwa;
• akuwauza - Mitsempha;
• Mosley - fupa;
• thupi - thupi;
• m'chiuno - ntchafu;
• PES - mwendo.

Ndipo inu mukhoza kuwona chithunzi cha kumva.

Kumene, m'nthawi yathu, ngati si zilankhulo, zinali zovuta kumvetsa malongosoledwe a matenda aliwonse, izi mu masiku akale. Yesani kumasulira Mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza ngati - "Iye zakozhnik pa zimayambira." mawu "khosi" ndi "zakozhnik" - dzina chakale. "Khosi" ndi "zo" - kuti ndi anzawo a makono. Choncho, matenda likukhalira kuti, "iye wiritsani pa khosi lake." A kuphatikiza "masaka Wopanda" sanali zokhudzana ndi yozizira zosangalatsa. Sled wotchedwa mandible - motero chitsanzo pamwamba amanena kuti fupa lothyoka kapena dislocation.

archaisms Kodi

Lotha dzina - khosi (khosi) ndi mitsempha (mitsempha), maso (maso), mwana (Zenica), ndipo ena tanena a archaisms. Mawu amenewa ntchito mu zilankhulo amatchedwa zinthu lexical amene si ntchito chinenero chamakono, monga iwo anali m'malo ndi ofanana, koma kupitiriza ntchito monga stylistically amalembedwa (kuti okha mu kalembedwe ena Mwachitsanzo, mu luso malonda).

Iwo ali okonzeka ntchito Olemba mabuku a mbiri yakale, kuti apereke mzimu wa chi, komanso ndakatulo, wofunitsitsa kupereka ntchito zake kalembedwe mkulu. Choncho, ngakhale kuti mayunitsi lexical akhala kukankhira kunja pa ntchito, iwo silinathe kwathunthu.

mawu ambiri lotha kupitiriza kukhalapo monga mbali ya mawu anakhazikitsa:

• tiusamalire;
• m'kuphethira kwa diso;
• Hough kugwedeza (Hough - kumbuyo mbali ya bondo, popliteal fossa);
• chala akuloza;
• limodzi ngati chala;
• kuichotsa mitsempha;
• tulutsani vzashey (kusoka kapena kumbuyo kwa khosi - komanso khosi - limafanana ndi mawu amakono "khosi").

dzina Old amakhala yopangira mawu atsopano

Si kawirikawiri, ndi ena ofanana mawu achikale anapulumuka masiku ano. Choncho mawu akuti "pawindo" pa nthawi anapanga chakale - "diso". chakuti mazenera m'nyumba tisanasankhe mawonekedwe anamaliza ndi zoona, ankawoneka ngati maso. Iwo ali mazenera yaitali mu nyumba zonse, amakona anayi kapena lalikulu, ndi dzina komanso kumanzere. Mochulukitsa wa mawu ( "Maso"), latsopano zinthu lexical zinachitika - "och evidny", "mu och Theological", "mgw wa Nick", "mgw Maf".

Ndipo mawu akuti "khosi" dzina lakale - ". Khosi" Kuyambira inakhalapo mneni "kuti mofuula," kutanthauza kuti, "zimalira guttural." Wachotsa kugwiritsa ntchito mawu chala ngati wapanga pa maina bwino monga "chala pa pulogalamuyi," "chala cha Shade", "nsomba atki". Kuyambira zaka mawu pakamwa ndi zikope gwero lawo amakono - "pakamwa NY", "naiz m pakamwa", "Rd pakamwa" komanso "anthu akuti ka".

Ntchito mawu chakale mankhwala amakono ndi chinenero malonda

Mayina ena achikulire ziwalo zili terminology zachipatala. Mwachitsanzo, mawu wakale metatarsus kutanthauza phazi, anabereka dzina la mafupa phazi, wopangidwa mwa chubu zisanu - "metatarsal".

m'chiuno anthu mu Russia ankatchedwa "ndikuusa" ndi malo pansi pa nthiti - ". mitima" mawu awa kulankhula tsiku ndi tsiku akhala kuyambira osaonekanso, koma madokotala, gastroenterologist kapena dokotala, mawu akuti "iliac" anatero kwambiri. Umutu ndi gawo la thupi limene lili pansipa nthiti.

mawu chakale ntchito mu boma-ntchito kalembedwe. Mwachitsanzo, mawu akuti "zinthu", "galimoto", "tsopano" ndi liwiro "amamangiriridwa zinthu izi," "mu mawonekedwe abwino" Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu makalata a boma kapena kuchita chiweruzo.

Ntchito archaisms mu mabuku

Monga tanena kale, kugwiritsa ntchito mawu achikale mabuku ndi njira kupereka mawu expressiveness. Nthawi zambiri njira imeneyi ndi ndakatulo. Mwachitsanzo, mu ndime zikumveka owala kwambiri kusiyana ndi "zala", "tsaya" kapena "khosi" dzina lakale la ziwalo zimenezi - ". Khosi" "zala", "masaya" ndipo

Archaisms kulankhura luso makamaka wapadera ndi chapamwamba phokoso:

"Chaka chatha. Inu kachiwirinso ndi ine,

Koma n'zomvetsa chisoni unyamata pamwamba,

Maso podernulis ululu,

Zovala fumbi molowera "(AN Apukhtin).

Komabe, nthawi zambiri zimagwirira ntchito, ndipo limodzi ndi zochitika n'zolakwika. Mwachitsanzo: "Ndani kholo sindikanafuna kuona kumvetsa ndi ana anu kumvetsa zonse ntchentche! Koma nthawi akuyesetsa mwakhama kuti ana a chozizwitsa ndithu. N'chifukwa chiyani? ". Njira imeneyi si chinthu chachilendo mu skits kapena essays satirical.

Zolakwa kugwiritsa ntchito mawu achikale

Kuyesa kukongoletsa malemba ndi moonetsera mawu olemera, ena olemba ntchito archaisms, popanda kutenga nkhani ochekenera awo limaonetseratu. Chifukwa cha ichi, lemba amayang'ana zopusa kapena zikuoneka ndi ambiguity: "Mwiniwake anaona luso malonda a bwana wake ..." kapena "Koma kapitawo wamng'ono anamuda ngakhale yoweramitsidwa khosi lake aboma ...". Monga mukuonera, pali bwino zosayenera lotha mawu. "Khosi" ndi "anaona" akhoza malinga ndi kalembedwe.

Ena olemba kugwiritsa ntchito mawu amenewa kusokoneza tanthauzo lake. Mwachitsanzo: "Msonkhano linatsegulidwa mfundo zosasangalatsa ...". Koma Popeza kuti chachikale chinkawavuta "tsankho" - n'chimodzimodzi ndi adjective zamakono "tsankho" ndipo akhoza pamodzi okha ndi mawu akuti "kutsutsa". wolemba bwino akalola kuti afotokoze milandu zoipa, koma si zovuta kuganizira tanthauzo lenileni la ntchito mawu achikale.