Chodetsa transistors - icho chiri? Mitundu, magawo ndi makhalidwe a transistors, kulemba

The transistor amachita ngati mbali yaikulu ya circuitry iliyonse. Iye ali ngati ikuthandizira kiyi. Maziko pogwiritsa michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi ndi pakachitsulo kapena germanium krustalo. The transistors ndi unipolar ndi ochititsa kuti ndi moyenera, munda ndi ochititsa kuti. Iwo anapeza mitundu iwiri ya mtundu madutsidwe - kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo. Pakuti oyamba, wailesi zofufuzafufuza vuto ndicho kuzindikiridwa kwa kabisidwe ndi decoding wa zinthu izi. M'nkhaniyi tiona pa mitundu ikuluikulu ya mbiri, mankhwala zoweta ndi achilendo komanso yosanthula, kutanthauza chodetsa transistors.

Mitundu ya kujambula

Opanga transistors ntchito mitundu iwiri waukulu kubisa - mtundu malamulo ndi olemba. Komabe, ngakhale munthu kapena ena alibe mfundo yunifolomu. Mbewu iliyonse kubala michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi zamakono (transistors, diodes, zener diodes, ndi zina zotero. D.), Muziona malamulo ndi mtundu 'kala' ikusonyeza. Kodi Kumanani transistors Gulu limodzi ndi mtundu opangidwa ndi zomera zosiyanasiyana ndipo zimalembedwa mosiyana. Kapena mosinthanitsa: nyengo zosiyana, ndipo amanena kuti onsewa - zofanana. Zikatero, kusiyanitsa pakati pa iwo okha pa zinthu zina. Mwachitsanzo, kutalika kwa zosiyana mtundu anapezazo emitter ndi wokhometsa kapena (kapena kutsogolo) pamwamba. Chodetsa FETs si wosiyana kuchokera Tags pa zipangizo zina. The vuto lomwelo ali ndi zinthu michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi chiyambi achilendo: aliyense wopanga ntchito mtundu mayina awo.

Transistors mu kt-26 casing

Taonani kuti zizindikiro transistors opangidwa domestically. Mtundu wa nyumba ndi anthu otchuka pakati opanga michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi. Iwo ali mawonekedwe cylindrical ndi mbali bevelled, mfundo zitatu kutuluka m'munsi m'munsi. Mu nkhani iyi, yagwiritsa ntchito mfundo za losakanizika chodetsa ndi kupanga zizindikiro code, ndi mtundu. Pa m'munsi chapamwamba ndi mtundu mfundo, kutanthauza transistor gulu, ndi mbali tapered - kachidindo chizindikiro kapena mtundu mfundo lolingana mtundu chipangizo. Kuwonjezera mtundu, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito chaka ndi mwezi wa kumasulidwa.

Udindo gulu amagwiritsa mtundu zotsatirazi wolemba pulogalamu transistors: Gulu limafanana ndi mdima wofiira dontho, B - chikasu, C - mdima wobiriwira, D - buluu, D - Blue, E - White, M - woderapo, ndipo - siliva, K - lalanje, L - kuwala fodya, M - imvi.

Mtundu amaimira zizindikiro zotsatirazi ndi mitundu.

• KT203 limafanana angled makona (miyendo pansi ndi kumanja) kapena mdima wofiira dontho.
• KT208 - bwalo yaing'ono (pali mtundu wa mtundu 'kala' ikusonyeza).
• K209 - diamondi (imvi dontho).
• K313 - chizindikiro kuti akufanana T kukalowa (lalanje dontho).
• KT326 - kukalowa equilateral makona (bulauni mawanga).
• KT339 - ndi makona equilateral (buluu dontho).
• KT342 - kota ya bwalo (buluu dontho).
• KT502 - theka zisinthe (chikasu dontho); KT503 - bwalo (woyera dontho).
• KT3102 - angled makona miyendo ndi kumanzere (mdima wobiriwira dontho).
• KT3157 - miyendo ya kansalu ufulu lamanzere ndi pansi (palibe 'kala' ikusonyeza mtundu).
• K366 - kalata T (palibe mtundu).
• KT6127 - kukalowa kalata P.
• KT632 - Zizindikiro satero (siliva mfundo).
• KT638 - popanda chizindikiro (lalanje dontho).
• KT680 - kalata G.
• KT681 - ofukula Wand.
• KT698 - kalata P.

M'pamene chaka ndi mwezi kupanga

Malinga ndi GOST 25486-82, pogwiritsa ntchito makalata awiri kapena zilembo ndi manambala amasonyeza tsiku. Khalidwe loyamba akuimira chaka, ndipo chachiwiri - mwezi. Mtundu wa 'kala' ikusonyeza ntchito osati kwa transistors komanso zinthu zina za pakhomo michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi. Mu zida yachilendo tsiku anasonyeza mwa manambala anayi, woyamba awiri amene akufanana ndi chaka, ndi wotsiriza - chiwerengero sabata. Taganizirani zimene yosiyanasiyana chodetsa transistors lolingana tsiku kupanga. Chaka / chizindikiro: 1986 - U, 1987 - V, 1988 - W, 1989 - X, 1990 - A 1991 - B 1992 - C. 1993 - D, 1994 - E 1995 - F, 1996 - H 1997 - I wa, 1998 - ndi 1999 - wa L, 2000 - M, etc. kumasulidwa Mwezi: .. miyezi inayi zizigwirizana manambala 1 mpaka 9 (January - 1 February - 2), ndi wotsiriza - zilembo koyamba kwa mawu: October - pa November - N, December - D.

Transistors mu kt-27 casing

zigawo michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi izi zopangidwa kutsatira kaya malamulo alphanumeric kapena cipher, wopangidwa mwa akalumikidzidwa zojambula. Taonani chimene likutipatsa chodetsa transistors.

• KT972A - imodzi 'kunama' rectangle.
• KT972B - rectangles awiri: pena, mtengo pomwe.
• KT973A - lalikulu limodzi.
• KT973B - mabwalo awiri.
• KT646A - makona wina.
• KT646B - kumanzere bwalo, makona bwino.

Komanso, pali Mtundu zina chodetsa mapeto a thupi popenyana ndi mfundo:

• CT 814 - imvi beige;
• CT zina 815. - Lilac-wofiirira, kapena imvi;
• CT 816 - pinki ndi wofiira;
• CT 817 - imvi wobiriwira;
• CT 683 - wofiirira;
• KT9115 - buluu.

Transistors Series KT814-817 gulu B lingamakumane yekha ndi kudetsa mapeto popanda kuchititsa kachidindo khalidwe.

Dongosolo European ovomereza-elekitironi

Chodetsa transistors ndi zipangizo zina michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi ku opanga European motere. Ndondomekozi ndi kulowa khalidwe. Kalata yoyamba ndi michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi zakuthupi: pakachitsulo, germanium, etc. The pakachitsulo kwambiri wamba, limafanana ndi kalata V. The chizindikiro lotsatira - mtundu wa chida ... Kenako, kuika chiwerengero cha mndandanda mankhwala. Mu chipinda chino pali ranges angapo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati manambala ndi 100 mpaka 999, zinthu izi ndi onse omwe cholinga mankhwala, ndipo ngati kalata anawalonjeza (Z10 - A99), semiconductors izi amaonedwa mbali yapadera kapena zolinga mafakitale. Komanso, chiwerengero wolemba pulogalamu wagawo mwina zidzawonjezedwa zina zosintha chizindikiro. Iwo imalongosola mwachindunji amapanga zigawo michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi.

Khalidwe loyamba (chuma): A - Germany, - Si, C - gallium arsenide, R - cadmium sulfide. Amafotokozera chachiwiri ndi mtundu transistor: C - otsika mphamvu otsika pafupipafupi; D - amphamvu yoimba; F - wozama mphamvu mkulu-pafupipafupi; G - zipangizo angapo mu phukusi limodzi; L - wamphamvu mkulu-pafupipafupi; S - otsika mphamvu kusinthitsa; U - wamphamvu lophimba.

Dongosolo la Amereka JEDEC

opanga US zipangizo michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi ntchito khalidwe kabisidwe, chomwe ndi zinthu zinayi. The manambala woyamba akuimira chiwerengero cha mphambano tsa-n: 1 - diode; 2 - transistor 3 - thyristor; 4 - optocoupler. Kalata yachiwiri limasonyeza gulu. Khalidwe lachitatu - ndi siriyo chiwerengero cha mchitidwe (osiyanasiyana kuchokera 100 mpaka 9999). chizindikiro wachinayi - kalata lolingana kusinthidwa chipangizo.

Dongosolo Japanese JIS

dongosolo tichipeza zilembo ndipo lili ndi zinthu zisanu. The manambala woyamba limafanana ndi mtundu wa michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi chipangizo: 0 - photodiode kapena phototransistor; 1 - diode; 2 - transistor. Amafotokozera chachiwiri - kalata S, izo aikidwa pa zigawo zikuluzikulu zonse. kalata yotsatira limafanana ndi mtundu wa transistor: A - High PNP; Mu - otsika-pafupipafupi PNP; C - mkulu NPN; D - otsika pafupipafupi NPN; H - unijunction; J - kumunda ndi N-njira; K - munda ndi P-njira. Ndime zotsatirazi ndi mankhwala siriyo chiwerengero (10 - 9999). Last, chinthu chachisanu - ndi kusinthidwa chipangizo (zikhoza Nthawi zambiri zasiyidwa). Nthawi zina ntchito ndi chizindikiro chimodzi - ndi index zina (zilembo N, M kapena S), kutanthauza lamulo la kuvomereza mfundo. Dongosolo Japanese a mtundu 'kala' ikusonyeza wa transistors sizikhudza.

zinthu SMD

Chodetsa SMD-transistor ukuimira yekha. Chifukwa cha kukula ka zinthu izi sindigwiritsa ntchito mtundu 'kala' ikusonyeza. Single kubisa muyezo iwo kulibe. Mmera wonse kupanga amagwiritsa zophiphiritsa zake. Ndondomekozi alphanumeric Pankhaniyi anyamula kwa wina ndi atatu otchulidwa alphanumeric. Aliyense chomera umabala matebulo ake kulemba zinthu michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi.