Antchito - ndi mphamvu ya kayendedwe otchuka.

Nthawi zonse ndi nyengo mbiri, zazikulu galimoto kumulimbikitsa ndi Kuukira ophunzira ndi proletariat. Choyamba anasamukira Nditchimo malingaliro, mosalakwitsa ndiponso kukhumba kusintha. proletariat The akukhulupirira kuti chifukwa chachikulu mavuto awo - boma kuti kupondeleza anthu wamba.

Tanthauzo la mawu akuti "proletarian"

Akukhulupirira kuti proletariat wa - awa ndi anthu amene atagwirizana nagubuduza Tsar ku Russia mu nthawi ya zochitika kunachitika mu 1917. Ndizo zoona. Komabe, mbiri ya mawu Akulu kuposa ambiri amakhulupirira.

Mawu "proletarian" anaonekera pa French bourgeois zisinthe. Tsiku ndi tsiku uja Simonde de A Sismondi. Iye ananena kuti proletarians - gulu la anthu amene alibe zofunika kuchuluka kwa chuma cha moyo wolemekezeka. Iwo amakhala tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo sanaganize za zimene zidzachitike mawa.

Kenako, mu Western Europe proletarians anayamba kuganizira anthu onse amene ali kalasi ntchito ndi kugulitsa mphamvu yawo ntchito.

Ogwira Russia

The lonse yaikulu ya kayendedwe ka proletarians anali mayina Russia mu nthawi ya 1917-1920. Izi zinali nthawi imene kuzunza anthu ndi anthu athe kutenga chikoka chiphunzitso Marxist-Leninist.

Karl Marx m'buku lake "Mfundo ya chikominisi," ananena kuti proletariat - ichi ndi kwa magulu a anthu, amene amakhala pa ndalama zimene anam'gulira ntchito zawo ndipo alibe likulu amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito.

M'kupita kwa nthawi, proletarians kuyamba pafupi yaing'ono opanga, amisiri ndi amalonda. Akukhulupirira kuti proletariat kalasi - ichi ndi gulu zonse satsutsa bourgeois. Karl Marx analemba kuti chilungamo m'chigawo cha kalasi ntchito ayenera kukhala hegemon, ndi kukhazikitsa "ulamuliro wa proletariat lapansi." The bourgeoisie anali m'malo proletarians. cholinga chawo chachikulu - kumanga anthu chikominisi, woyamba mu Russia kenako padziko lonse.

zokhumba lonse

The zochitika chosintha wa 1917-1918 inatha bwinobwino kuti ankachita nawo zionetserozo. Mafumu watumidwa kwa dustbin wa mbiri. Pamaso pa utsogoleri watsopano ndipo anthu adayenera ntchito yomanga chikominisi posachedwapa. Izo poyamba zinakonzedwa chilengedwe cha dziko chikominisi mu Russia yokha, ndiyeno padziko lonse. utsogoleri wakhazikitsa dongosolo osachepera: kumanga chikominisi padziko lonse kwa zaka khumi. Komanso, ngakhale kuti anakonza kuletsa nkhani imene inali pamaso 1917, ndipo anayamba kuwerengetsa kachiwiri.

"Proletarians a m'mayiko onse kugwirizanitsa!" - ichi ndi chiphiphiritso zimene Party Communist Soviet Union anafuna kugwirizanitsa anthu ndi cholinga chimodzi mu dziko. Izo zinakonzedwa kuti adzakhala kuyankhula lonse. Wake, ndi njira, mu "Manifesto" wake woyamba ntchito ndi Friedrich Chichewa.

Mu 1920, pa bungwe la International Communist , Lenin ankaona kuti mawu akuti ayenera kusinthidwa. Chifukwa mitundu yonse iye anati, "Antchito a mayiko ndi anthu onse oponderezedwa kugwirizanitsa!" chiphiphiritso ichi chimasonyeza kuti kasamalidwe cholinga si pa zochitika mkati m'dzikoli, komanso m'bwalo lonse.

Zotsatira za proletarians ndi

zochitika chosintha asonyeza kuti proletariat - kalasi yogwira kakhalidwe ka amalimbana ufulu wawo kudzera misonkhano ndi zitsanzo. Kayendedwe achangu mu mbiri ya proletariat anali mu Russia. Si chachilendo, ngati ife titembenukira kwa tanthauzo la "proletarians" Simonde de A Sismondi. Chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri cha anthu osauka amene amagwira ntchito, pali mu Russia.

Antchito wagwetsedwa boma lachifumu, koma analibe kuwongolera awo moyo. Kwambiri malonjezo Lenin sunabwere woona. Idzathetsedwe dziko ndi kupanga nkhani. Alimi simunalandira ziwembu aziti iyeyu n'ngwabwino, ndiponso antchito - kusintha kwa kantchito ndi kuchepetsa maola ogwilira ntchito.