Fedorovsky ansembe yotchedwa, Pereslavl: maulendo ndi ndemanga

Mu 1304 pafupi Pereslavl idamangidwa ena obisika, amene wasanduka chipilala kuti zimene zinachitika pano pa June 8 chaka chomwecho. Pa tsiku ili mu meadows ndi, zogundana kumudzi, asilikali Moscow Prince Yuri Danilovich anagonjetsa ankhondo Prince wa Tver Mikhail Yaroslavovych. mtengo waukulu wa magazi tsiku limenelo anagonjetsa Russian Russian. Misozi akazi ndi ana amasiye anadzazidwa ndi zikho zawo kuwina. Komabe, mbiri ya Russia panali zitsanzo zimenezi.

Mu zothandizira mipingo yawo ya Grand Atsogoleri Akuimira Ndani

Kuchokera tsiku limenelo fateful Mpingo Orthodox amakondwerera okumbukira Woyera Great Martyr Feodora Stratilata, agulupa anayambitsa pa munda, titanyowa ndi mlongo magazi, dzina lake ulemu wake. Poyamba, yamphongo, ndi umboni ndi nthano mwa agulupa ake anali ophunzira zochitika.

Ngakhale kuti Fedorovsky ansembe yotchedwa (Pereslavl) anaonekera kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XIV, woyamba umboni wa agwiritsidwa okha 1511, pamene Moscow Malamulo Grand Prince Vasily III - bambo Ivana Groznogo. Kuchokera m'masiku a mbiriyakale ya zaka amadziwika kuti obisika pa nthawi imeneyo zinthu zinali bwino ndithu ndipo anali malo awo osati dziko lalikulu ndi mabanja ambiri osauka, komanso chamtengo wapatali ziwiya mpingo.

Zoterezi chitukuko enviable chifukwa chakuti Fedorovsky ansembe yotchedwa (Pereslavl) wakhala anasangalala zothandizira mipingo yawo la nyumba ya Prince, kumene iye anayenda zopereka. Komanso, mu mtima wa kazembe ndi olemekezeka matauni, Posonyezana kukhulupirika, osati stinting, anatumiza kwa malo a ndalama ndi mitundu yonse ya phindu.

Mphatso yoopsa mfumu

Anapitiriza miyambo ya makolo awo, ndipo Tsar Ivan kwambiri. Pa nthawi ya kubadwa May 11, 1557 mwana ndipo ankayembekezera kulowa ufumu - tsogolo mwayekha Fodora Ioannovicha - adampatsa agulupa Fedorovsky ndalama yomanga tchalitchi anasunga kuti masiku athu.

Fedorovsky ansembe yotchedwa (Pereslavl) amene zomangamanga ndi lonse ndi chipilala omveka a Russian zomangamanga mpingo, mu maonekedwe ake panopa akuyamba ndi tchalitchi, amene wakhala nyumba zake zakale. Poyamba, mogwirizana ndi mapulani, izo zonse mtundu akufotokoza mphamvu ndi kulimbikira. anamuukitsa wake chachikulu pamwamba nthaka nyumba anavekedwa ndi domes asanu, anakhala pa ng'oma wamphamvu kuwala, kudula yopapatiza mazenera choimirira. M'zaka zotsatira pa tchalitchi anali ankamangidwanso kangapo ndi kuweruza mtundu wapachiyambi, ife tikhoza kuyambira kupulumuka mafotokozedwe.

Kara Ambuye

Fedorovsky ansembe yotchedwa (Pereslavl) bwinobwino chinakhalapo mpaka 1667, mpaka mzinda anavutika ndi tsoka loopsa - mliri wa makoswe. Mthumba wa womwalirayo anapita mazana, ndipo posakhalitsa panali malo okwanira mu manda m'tawuni. Dziwani kuti machimo a anthu watopa kuleza mtima kwa Ambuye, koma mkwiyo wake kukhetsedwa makamaka pa anthu. Kawirikawiri kuvutika matenda.

Chifukwa, pamene mapemphero a anthu a Wamphamvuyonse apewe ku mzinda kuti aukire, ndi mliri uli anaima Pereslavl anasiya ambiri amasiye ndi atsikana amasiye amene anali kukwana kwina kumene koma ansembe a. Komanso kuthekera kwa ngozi mulibe pakalibe mzinda kunyumba.

Kujambula unani umenewo

Mwadzidzidzi thandizo wofera anabwera ku likulu la Moscow. Mfumu achipembedzo Alexis, deigned kuti zisoni zawo, pomwepo analamula kholo Joseph ndithu kupereka chitetezo kwa akazi amasiye ndi anamwali miyoyo yawo (bwino, ndi matupi, kumene). Pa nkhani imeneyi, anaganiza kuti awapatse mwamuna Fedorovsky ansembe yotchedwa (Pereslavl), akatembenuka mu wamkazi.

Anthu akale amene pambuyo mliri wa sanapulumuke zoposa khumi, wotumidwa mchitidwe umenewu ena. Kuwonjezera apo, mfumu bambo N'zoona utangoyamba kunyumba ndithu madera dziko, kuchotsa nkhawa za avirigo chakudya.

Fedorovsky ansembe yotchedwa (Pereslavl), chithunzi cha amene anapereka mu pepala kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XVIII anawonjezera awiri kwambiri nyumba zochititsa chidwi komanso tchalitchi yake yaikulu, anapulumuka. Iwo anamangidwa mu 1710 Vvedensky mpingo, ndi wina zambiri - chipatala, polemekeza Kazan chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu, anamanga patapita zaka zinayi. Aliyense wa iwo ndi chidwi zapadera mbiri, ndi luso mbali.

German kuluka mu obisika Orthodox

Modabwitsa, chimbuzi cha chitukuko ake anafika obisika mu ulamuliro wa Peter ine, pamene ena ambiri obisika anakumana nthawi yovuta m'mbiri yake. chakuti, mu wanzeru, mfumu sanatero, kutsatira chitsanzo cha akalambula wake, okha zopereka nthawi zina naphunzitsa avirigo ndalama okha. Pa malangizo ake pa obisika anali anatsegula kuluka msonkhano, pamene dongosolo lonse anapitiriza luso anabwereka ku Germany.

Komanso, mfumu inalamula (ndipo yesetsani kuchita!), Kuti aliyense sisitere wakhala katswiri pantchitoyo ndithu tiphunzitse izi sisitere wamng'ono kapena novice. N'zovuta kunena mmene zimaonekera alongo kwauzimu, koma mawu chuma chifukwa anali zoonekeratu. Chifukwa malonda ake apamwamba weavers kumene kumakhala Amonke anali kufalitsidwa linafalitsidwa kwambiri, ndipo lopanga mtsinje zimapita ku chuma cha obisika a.

Mapeto a chuma

Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana XIX, pamene Russia anakumana ndi kukula mofulumira kupanga capitalist, alongo sanathe bwinobwino mpikisano ndi mafakitale lalikulu kuluka amene anatuluka m'dziko nadzaza msika ndi katundu wawo mtengo. Chifukwa, Fedorovsky ansembe yotchedwa (Pereslavl), mbiri ya lomwe nthawi imeneyo inkakhala pafupifupi mazana asanu ndi limodzi, losauka ndipo anacoka ku maziko, kupereka njira zina, mchitidwe umenewu bwino Russian. Koma alongo sanataye mtima.

Mosatsata chitukuko wake wakale chuma, obisika si kanthu. Pa chiyambi cha XX atumwi panali mazana asanu avirigo. Nthawi imeneyi moyo kumene kumakhala Amonke ankapita ndi mmodzi wa abbesses achangu - Abbess Eugenia. mabuku ake wamba chakudya inamangidwa, kuti aliyense wa alongo anali ndi mwayi popanda kuganizira za chakudya, kuthana ndi vuto limene anapatsidwa izo. Pa nthawi yomweyo pa obisika ndi opareshoni masukulu anai ndi ufulu kuphunzitsa ana a anthu osauka Pereslavl.

Pansi pa ulamuliro wa losasangalatsa

Izi chinakhalapo mpaka 1917, mpaka boma latsopano chifukwa cha "chimwemwe chilengedwe" saganizira kofunika kupasula agulupa, masukulu anatsekedwa sisitere kumwazikana, ndi abbess awo kwambiri amphamvu kutumiza kwa zaka zambiri m'misasa. Tikabwerera pang'ono m'mbuyo kale yotheratu mayi wachikulire, iye anakhala zaka zomalizira za moyo wake pafupi kumene kumakhala Amonke gatehouse.

Pambuyo Fedorov kunyumba (Pereslavl) chatsekedwa, izo analenga yaing'ono ya avirigo, kuyesera mu njira iyi kusintha kuti latsopano, koma mu 1923 kuti anali kusungunuka. Obisika nyumba, unazunguliridwa ndi khoma lolimba, ntchito boma latsopano ndi monga malo ndi monga malo mafakitale. Pa nthawi ina kumeneko anaikidwa ngakhale njuchi zigawenga ana. Nkhondo itatha, m'dera anapatsidwa kutaya limodzi mayunitsi, ndipo patapita linaikidwa Institute Research.

Kubwezeretsa tiakachisi anadetsa

Kubwerera kwa obisika woyera chuma cha mpingo Orthodox anatsatira mu 1998, pamene chifukwa cha kusintha malamulo a boma pa chipembedzo zambiri zimene akugwiritsa anagwira, anabwerera eni zawo zakale.

Kwenikweni kuchokera m'masiku oyambirira a ntchito kubwezeretsa anayamba, mpaka kumapeto si anamaliza lero. Koma ngakhale kuti akhoza n'zotheka kuti abwezeretse moyo wonse kumene kumakhala Amonke mu obisika a. Mwa mipingo yonse atatu unachitikira Mapemphero ndi miyambo achipembedzo zimagwiridwa. Chiwerengero cha avirigo akadali aang'ono kwambiri, koma chiwerengero chawo ikukula chaka chilichonse, ndipo iwo akuchita zonse mu mphamvu yawo kubwezeretsa obisika ukulu wake wakale. Koma mavuto ambiri.

Kudikira chozizwitsa

Monga zimachitikira mu Zikatero, mulibe ndalama zokwanira kuphimba ntchito kubwezeretsa mipingo kokha, komanso lonse Fedorovsky ansembe yotchedwa (Pereslavl). Maulendo gulu mabungwe alendo ndi utsogoleri wa agulupa, kubweretsa ena ndalama, koma kuti akhazikitse ake onse sikokwanira.

Alongo pa nthawiyi ananena kuti awononge chozizwitsa, amene zidzawululidwa ndi ena woperekayo achipembedzo, monga Nthawi zambiri m'mbuyomu. Chabwino, kwa zaka mazana asanu ndi mbiri ya agulupa ya Ambuye nthawi zambiri uschedryal iye chifundo Chake, chiyembekezo zimenezi n'zomveka avirigo ndi chifukwa chomvera chisoni anzawo.

Maulendo ndi maulendo

Lero, angathandize kwambiri pa mfundo iyi yolemetsa n'chakuti ya alendo a Pereslavl mwa zokonda zake zina ndi pitani Fedorovsky ansembe yotchedwa (Pereslavl). Feedback kwa anthu amene ankapita ku izo, pamodzi ndi zidindo za msonkhano ndi chipilala ichi cha Russian Orthodoxy ali kutchulidwa kwa misonkhano ya mpingo, lolongosoka mwa Sisera, nawo misonkhano ya chipembedzo ndi akuguba achipembedzo. Zonsezi, kuwonjezera phindu lalikulu wauzimu ndi wogonera, ndipo kumathandizanso ndalama ansembe, ndicho, iye ali ndi ndalama zambiri, kupanda amene salola kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito mkombero lonse la ntchito ya kukonzanso.

Kuwerenga mbiri ya amwendamnjira anachoka mu buku mlendo obisika, pa Websites wawo, involuntarily kulabadira chakuti ambiri mwa iwo monga mutu wa makoma obisika anawamasulira zidindo otchedwa kumverera zapadera namolennye makoma ake. Kumva, kumene wokhulupirira aliyense, akuthamanga ngati ulusi wofiira mu mbiri ya anthu ambiri amene anapita Fedorovsky ansembe yotchedwa (Pereslavl).

Reviews, sanapezebe malo ake mu chipembedzo, ndi chidwi. Iwo anaomba chidwi yaikulu kucheza ndi mbiri amoyo a dziko lathu. Zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa, monga mzinda wakale poyamba anali wachiwiri pakati lofunika kwambiri la Grand Duchy wa Moscow ndi agulupa woyera - madera zofunika kwambiri zauzimu of Ancient Lazaro.