Free doko la Vladivostok, kodi? Free doko la Vladivostok: ubwino ndi kuipa

Free doko la Vladivostok ndi doko lomwe pali wapadera miyambo boma. polojekiti anakhala ntchito posachedwapa, mu chaka cha 2015. Boma lili ziyembekezo mkulu iye. Tiyeni tiwone chimene mavuto pulogalamu akuthamangitsa zone zachuma "ufulu doko la Vladivostok", kutanthauza mfundo izi ndi izo zotani zimene zikusonyeza Russian kukhazikitsa dongosolo.

Economic ndi malo malo Primorye

The "ufulu doko la Vladivostok" zikuphatikizapo madera angapo doko midzi yosiyanasiyana ya Primorye, komanso maulendo zoyendera khomo ndi mauthenga kwa iwo. Ndi njira zachuma ndiponso madera malo a m'dera wafunsira lingaliro kulenga zone malonda wapadera pano.

Primor lili kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Russia. Kumpoto ndi m'mphepete mwa Khabarovsk Krai kumadzulo - ndi China, kum'mwera kumadzulo ndi Korea North, ndipo kum'mawa ndi Pacific Ocean. Likulu la dera la mzinda wa Vladivostok, anthu amene panopa kuposa 600 zikwi. Man.

Nyanja Primorsky Krai lili ndi coves ndi Magombe, oyenera kutumiza chombo navigation.

Onse mokoma pamwamba anachita mbali yofunika kwambiri mu chakuti kudzera m'mphepete kwa nthawi yaitali anali aakulu dziko ndi nyanja ankadutsa. Njirazo waukulu zonyamulira Trans-Siberia Railway ndi Pacific kunjira nyanja.

Mbiri ya mzinda ndi doko chitukuko

Vladivostok anakhala doko ufulu mu October 2015. Komabe, iye ali ndi mbiri motalika chitukuko.

Vladivostok anayambitsa 1860 monga kumudzi wa asilikali, oyesa kuteteza malire a Russian Ufumu ndi China ndi zamalonda. Ngakhale kale kuti otchedwa nyanja Bay, imene mzinda tsogolo inali. Kale mu 60s Mu zaka zapitazo m'mudzi umenewu anali woyamba atsamunda wamba. Pa nthawi yomweyo doko inamangidwa. Kuyambira 1861 mpaka 1909 anali ndi udindo umene anabwerera posachedwapa - doko ufulu.

Kuyambira 1888 Vladivostok anakhala mzinda chapakati cha m'dera Maritime, kusintha udindo wa Khabarovsk, kodi kulankhula za chitukuko kwambiri. Ndi 1891 ndicho chiyambi cha pomanga Trans-Siberia Railway, kunathandiza kwambiri pa chitukuko cha deralo. yomanga atamaliza sitima anali mu 1916. Ndi chete Vladivostok wasanduka likulu zofunika polumikiza njanji Trans-Siberia ndi Pacific kunjira nyanja. Today zamalonda mtengo zina kuchuluka.

Pa Civil nkhondo, Vladivostok anali mbali ya gawo lotetezedwa boma la Far East Republic, ndipo unali mzinda mkulu wa Amur Zemsky m'mphepete, monga kuyenera kwa Bolsheviks.

Mkubwela kwa mphamvu Soviet Vladivostok anakhalabe mudzi waukulu wa Region Maritime, ndipo anakhala likulu la utangoyamba Primorsky Gawo mu 1938. Iye anapitiriza kukhala ndi doko. Zinali panthawi Union, zolowa za katundu izo zafika kuposa kale lonse patsogolo.

modernity

Utatha wa USSR latsopano la Russia, Vladivostok ndi likulu la Primorye. Mu 2000s oyambirira, buku la malonda akunja pa doko anafika madola biliyoni 0,7 chaka, ndipo mu 2009 malonda zolowa kuposa matani 15 miliyoni.

The mitundu ikuluikulu ya katundu amene ankaitanitsa ku Russia kudzera pa doko ndi magalimoto, zida zamagetsi, zovala, chakudya. mankhwala Kunja zitsulo, nsomba, mitengo. Malangizo waukulu imports ndi wolowa: China, Japan, USA, Korea ndi ku mayiko ena a m'dera Asia-Pacific.

Mkulu mitengo zolowa komanso chidwi kukula zina amakakamizidwa mabwalo boma kuganizira kupereka doko wapadera miyambo udindo.

Kukula kwa ufulu doko lingaliro

Ganizo kulenga ufulu doko Vladivostok, kapena, ngati iwo akuitcha udindo ngati malamulo, doko free, kalekale mu mlengalenga. The kwambiri kuti mudzi wa n'kukagwiritsa udindo zoterezi pa nthawi ya Russian Ufumu 1861-1909, motero. Choncho zachilendo.

Koposa mwamsanga nkhani chapeza kuyambira kumayambiriro ziletso ndi Russia, chiwerengero cha mphamvu Western. Ife anayamba kuoneka malingaliro osiyanasiyana pa momwe kulimbikitsa ena abwenzi mayiko kuonjezera buku mgwirizano ndi Russia. Imodzi mwa mfundo izi anali doko ufulu wa Vladivostok. Kodi zikutanthauza kuti dera ndi chuma chonsecho, luso imeneyi, anthu kumvetsa mwangwiro.

Poyamba, mfundo imeneyi ankaona mderalo, mu Primorsky Gawo, koma kenako ilo anayamba kulankhula pamwamba.

Legalization

Choyamba zikuluzikulu za tsogolo kukhazikitsa wapadera miyambo zone mu Primorsky Gawo anapangidwa kumapeto 2014. Vladivostok maganizo perekani udindo wa doko ufulu mu December anapangidwa anthu ndi mutsogoleli wa Russia. Kale kumapeto kwa mwezi polojekiti anali anaika mu dongosolo la chitukuko la Russia.

M'katikati mwa July 2015 V. V. Putin zinasaina malamulo kupereka miyambo wapadera wa Vladivostok ndi ena madoko ena ndi Primorsky Gawo, koma kudalowa zotsatira zokha kuyambira 12 October. Kuyambira pamenepo Vladivostok anakhalanso doko ufulu.

Zolinga za polojekiti

Tiyeni tipeze chimene zolinga ntchito "Free doko la Vladivostok." Tanthauzo andale ndi chuma kukhazikitsa?

Zolinga zikuluzikulu anathamangitsa ndi polojekitiyi ndi kuonjezera zolowa m'madera doko la Primorsky Gawo, kuwapatutsa mu mfundo zikuluzikulu zamaulendo a m'dera Asia-Pacific. Izo ziyenera zimathandiza kuti kuwonjezeka kwa malonda ku madoko izi tinamdandaulira wambiri ndi mawu phindu. Komanso Cholinga ukule ya GDP wa dziko lonse, chitukuko cha zomangamanga dera (makamaka zoyendera), patsogolo ubale malonda ndi parterres, kuwonjezera ntchito zokhudzana processing, mayendedwe ndi kusunga katundu.

Za izo, ndi njira adzakhala ankachitira zinthu ndi ntchito izi, tikambirana pansipa.

chokhala m'dzikolo ndipo limagwirira ntchito

Tsopano nthawi yafika mwachindunji kuti alankhulepo za zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amasule doko la Vladivostok ku mfundo ya zamalamulo view, nanga limagwirira ntchito pa polojekitiyo.

Mayendedwe a doko ufulu amadzisankhira si kuchuluka kwa miyambo zone ya State amene m'gawo doko lili m'dera ake. Ie katundu, kuno, musati amafuna miyambo chilolezo. Ndondomeko akuchita ngati mankhwala akuyamba kusamukira ku dziko, kuti m'gawo lake miyambo. Choncho hauliers kupulumutsa nthawi ndi ndalama. Iwo safuna kuti miyambo chilolezo katundu ndi kulipira amalipiritsa izo.

Free Port - ndi udindo ufulu zone imports ndi zogulitsa kunja kwa katundu. Mwachibadwa zimenezi ayenera kukopa onyamula ndi kampani ina. Makamaka ngati miyambo zone n'kopindulitsa chifukwa nzika za ntchito malonda, chimene chili chofunika staging positi zoyendera zina.

Mmalire a Free Port ndi chosavuta chitupa cha visa chikapezeka boma, anayambitsa miyeso wapadera kuthandiza entrepreneurship, nambala ya phindu kulembera. zithandiza si abwino kwa abale malonda, komanso chitukuko cha entrepreneurship m'deralo.

M'pofunika, poyamba pa zonse, kudziwa anthu amene akufuna kumvetsa zimene ufulu doko la Vladivostok, izo zikutanthauza.

Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti pa nthawi ya Russian Ufumu, kupatula mu Vladivostok, udindo uyu anali Theodosius, Batum, Odessa ndi madera angapo ena doko.

utsogoleri

Atsogoleri a Free Port imayendetsedwa ndi Board wapadera Supervisory, chomwe ena a boma ndi makonsolo lapansi. Ntchito yake yaikulu ndi agwirire ntchito za akuluakulu a Russian boma ndi dera, komanso kupewa kusokonezedwa zosafunika mu ntchito ya nyumba amatsogolera miyambo nthambi.

Panopa mutu wa Board ndi Supervisory ndi Yuri Trutnev.

kuchuluka Kupititsa

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone chimene mtundu wa Primorsky Gawo aphatikizidwa m'dera miyambo ya Free Port wa Vladivostok. Kodi zikutanthauza mawu Kupititsa?

Tikumbukenso kuti malire a Free Port tichipeza madoko osati wa Primorye, komanso chiwerengero cha mauthenga zina, driveways, nyumba ndi maofesi, kuphatikizapo ndege Knevichi.

Ambiri doko chimakwirira 15 34 zigawo Maritime dera. Iwo umachokera ku doko Zarubino kumadzulo ku doko la Nakhodka kummawa, kumpoto chimafikira kwa boma Khanka, kuphatikiza ndi nyanja Khanka.

Komanso, mogwirizana ndi malamulo Russian malamulo, udindo mlandu wa Free Port wa Vladivostok ntchito kwa zoyendera njira "Primorye-1", kuyambira ku mzinda Chinese wa Harbin ku madoko a m'dera Asia-Pacific, komanso "Primorye-2" prolegshy pakati Changchun ndi madoko pa Pacific Ocean.

Choncho, ife tsopano ndatsimikizanso mtima zimene dera ndi ufulu doko la Vladivostok, ndi mu kaonedwe lawolawo.

ziyembekezo kuwonjezeka

Ngakhale Kuphunzira ichi dera lawo, phindu la Free Port wa Vladivostok mafunso okhudza kukula zina.

Choncho, Sakhalin Oblast boma, Chukotka Autonomous District, Kamchatka ndi Khabarovsk Gawo anasonyeza chikwaniritsidwe kuti monga angapo madoko kuti zili m'madera awo, mu wapadera miyambo nthambi. Kwenikweni, nkhawa madoko monga Soviet Harbor, Providence, Petropavlovskiy, Nikolayevsk pa-Amur, Korsakov, Busan, Beringovsky, Ohotsk ndi ena.

Komanso, mutu wa chigawo cha Primorsky Krai Lazovsky zoyembekezeredwa kulolerana wa mapangidwe anati utsogoleri m'dera kuperekedwa, makamaka doko la Chiwalitsiro.

Zoneneratu chitukuko

Ngakhale kuti n'zovuta kuonanso ubwino onse ndi kuipa kwa polojekiti "Free doko la Vladivostok." Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa bwino kuonekera kwa ife patapita pang'ono. Komabe, akatswiri ambiri tsopano Zoneneratu wololera za chitukuko. Choncho, kuti pofika 2025 lalikulu m'banja mankhwala a Primorye zingawonjezere kuposa kawiri, ndi 2034 - pafupifupi 3.5 nthawi.

Kumene, kudzachitika tikuyembekeza zinthu yowala, ndikofunikira kuthetsa mavuto ena a Free Port wa Vladivostok. Makamaka, kufunika yolumikizana ndi malamulo onse pamodzi ndi kusintha njira ya ntchito kwa miyambo nthambi.