FTTx - ndichiyani? luso FTTx

Tsopano ndi sitepe kupereka owerenga ndi Intaneti, pamene makampani anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zatsopano Mwachitsanzo, FTTx. Izo unasiya kukhala okwera mtengo ndi zovuta monga izo zinali zaka 5-6 zapitazo. msika kale ladzala ndi umafuna zithandizozi. Choncho m'pofunika kuganizira mwatsatanetsatane mfundo FTTx. Ndiko kuti, idzawonetsedwa, ngati inu wofufuza sayansi yokha.

Features

Kugwiritsa ntchito luso lililonse latsopano amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zina, ndipo mu nkhani iyi ndi nazonso, ndi FTTx. Kodi ndi mmene ntchito adzakhala anafotokoza hereinafter.

FTTx ndi generic dzina amene amaimira njira chonse mmene mapangidwe amalumikizana zomangamanga chingwe, imene ndi kulankhulana mfundo kwa ina, amatchedwa «×», Ayala CHIKWANGWANI kuwala, ndi zina kale mwachindunji UE amaika mumsewu chingwe mkuwa. Kodi pakhale Optics mwachindunji chipangizo kapena zipangizo ukugwira ntchito pa Intaneti. Kawirikawiri kuganiziridwa mlingo mwakuthupi pamene polumikiza FTTx. Ndi chiyani icho? Ndi basi mzere yokha. Komabe, mfundo kwambiri akusonyeza ntchito zambiri za ambiri mwa njira zamakono kugwirizana ndi mlingo maukonde. Zikomo makampani burodibandi amatha makasitomala ndi osiyanasiyana ntchito.

ndi chidwi ndi zimene maukonde?

Monga injini chachikulu cha chitukuko cha luso FTTx panopa waima chachikulu ogula ofuna kupeza burodibandi, amene ali amazipanga zovuta kukwaniritsa ntchito ADSL chikhalidwe. Optics ambiri anayamba mizu m'mizinda ikuluikulu, ndipo tsopano mukhoza kukhala ndi chizolowezi kuphatikiza pa ntchito ya magulu. Mwakhama ntchito luso, ndi m'midzi, kumene mwayi choyambirira Intaneti inamangidwa pa maziko a njira kuwala.

Kukula kwa chiyembekezo msika

Kumvetsetsa akamanena za njira imeneyi, tiyenera kuganizira chiyembekezo chitukuko cha FTTx. Ndi chiyani icho? Pa gawo Russian la mapangidwe msika zithandizozi kumadalira osati kokha pa kufunika kwa okhutira high quality, komanso kuchuluka kwa ntchito yomanga zamitundu lalikulu, komanso kuchuluka mpikisano pakati angapatse ntchito burodibandi. Kukula zazikulu za ntchito yomanga nyumba kwatanthauza kuti FTTx kugwirizana kwambiri zambiri kuposa zina zonse kugwirizana maukonde. N'chofunikira mawu chuma, ndi pamaso pa mpikisano zimapangitsa mwayi kwa maukonde ndi mtengo kwambiri. Osati motalika ntchito zapitazo anayang'ana yekha pa kampani wolembetsa mbali, ndipo tsopano kunadetsa osonyeza chidwi ndi makasitomala.

Features ntchito yomanga

Mpaka posachedwapa, FTTx luso ntchito ndi ntchito amene analibe zomangamanga awo mibadwo yakale. Koma magulu ambiri akuyang'ana pa Intaneti latsopano zisakuyenda bwino. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zimene zodabwitsazi amatchedwa mwayi kukuza osiyanasiyana ntchito yolalikira Intaneti chabe zochokera CHIKWANGWANI kuwala (PON), komanso kufalitsa Metro Efaneti, kuchepetsa ndalama zida bwino kwa ntchito zambiri pomanga mtundu Intaneti.

A mtundu watsopano wa okhutira

FTTx Internet ndi ayamba wotchuka chifukwa chakuti anthu masiku ano amakopeka ndi mitundu yatsopano zili ndi zithunzi wapamwamba ndi mkulu-tanthauzo kanema. Monga maziko chothandizira kufunika kukula kwa madongosolo otero wakhala chidwi kukula mu misonkhano kanema. Pamene pakati yokoka ndi inasamutsidwa kuchoka multicast kwa munthu, zosowa za olembetsa kuchuluka Kugawilidwa kwanthaka bandiwifi, umene posachedwapa mpaka megabytes 100 pa mphindi pa banja.

Tsopano mwachangu kugulitsa LCD HDTVs, zomwe zimachititsa kuti n'kofunika kupereka makasitomala ndi kupeza TV ya makhalidwe abwino kuposa zimene TV limapereka mu mtundu analogi. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri zomveka mu chitukuko cha Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira IP-TV. Izi adzalola owerenga kusankha Movies, HIV ndi mapulogalamu, komanso nthawi imene iwo adzakhala yabwino kwambiri adikire. Ndicho chifukwa chake ife tingakhoze kunena kuti kugwirizana misa FTTx xPON kale basi kuzungulira ngodya. Pa nthawi, Zachikondi aliyense ISP pa ndalama ku CHIKWANGWANI kuwala, ngati ndalama kwa zaka zambiri kudza, pamene phindu adzakhala upambana mtengo kambirimbiri. Yokhayo izi zikhoza kufotokoza kotero mwachangu kugula CHIKWANGWANI mizere, ndipo zosiyanasiyana ntchito woyendetsa, kuphatikizapo luso ndi monga kuika Optics mwachindunji zipangizo wolembetsa.

kuopsa

Polumikiza FTTx xPON zaka zikubwerazi sadzafunika kukhala njira yokha, amatsimikizira makonzedwe a burodibandi Komabe, angathe dongosolo kuwala CHIKWANGWANI ali kwambiri moti mukhoza kukhala otsimikizika ya kubwerera pa ndalama padera. Tsopano ntchito kwambiri mwachangu m'munda wa wamakono Intaneti msana ndi FTTx luso msika, zida ndi mbali zina mu gawo kamangidwe, kuphunzira ndi kuyesedwa pang'onopang'ono.

ndi mapangidwe mosiyana ndi ena?

Rostelecom FTTx luso umagwira ntchito imodzi mwa mitundu yambiri ya mapangidwe:

- FTTN (CHIKWANGWANI kwa mfundo) - CHIKWANGWANI kuwala kuti pakhale mfundo maukonde;

- FTTC (CHIKWANGWANI kutsitsa) - CHIKWANGWANI ndi kuyandikira kwa oyandikana nawo, kotala kapena nyumba zambiri;

- FTTB (CHIKWANGWANI kwa Building) - CHIKWANGWANI kuwala akulowa nyumbayi;

- FTTH (CHIKWANGWANI kwa Home) - ndi CHIKWANGWANI kuwala kuti pakhale kunyumba.

kusiyana ndi kokha pafupi ya chingwe kuwala kwa osachiritsika wosuta. Woyamba njira ziwiri anali woyamba wa zonse. The oyamba ntchito tsopano, koma monga bajeti ndipo mofulumira atumiza komwe kale Mkuwa yogawa zomangamanga ndi CHIKWANGWANI chamawonedwe chingwe anagonjetsa chabe opanda pake. Aliyense ali bwino mavuto amene ayende zochita: otsika khalidwe la misonkhano, wophatikizidwa ndi katundu wapadera wa zingwe mkuwa, chiletso chiwerengero cha kugwirizana ndi liwiro mu chingwe limodzi. Mtundu chachiwiri - ali bwino ndi kusinthidwa chimake choyamba, omwe si chibadidwe kuipa otchulidwa. Kuika zingwe mkuwa mu nkhani iyi ikuchitika yekha m'nyumba, kotero iwo sali pansi mitundu yonse ya zinthu zowononga kutalika kwa mizere si chachikulu chotere. Mfundo zonsezi n'zotheka kuti tikwaniritse patsogolo m'dera la liwiro kuti sakugwiritsa ntchito CHIKWANGWANI. Chotero kupereka umakhala ngati kugwirizana ntchito FTTx xPON. Iwo lolunjika pa ntchito ya ADSL ndi ntchito chingwe TV. Kukhazikitsa zomangamanga imeneyi, kumawapatsa mwayi kwa ndalama kwambiri ndi kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha ogwiritsa chikugwirizana. Aliyense wa iwo adzakhala allocated lalikulu bandiwifi. mtundu wa ntchito yaing'ono maukonde ntchito zambiri mu Russia.

zinthu

Zokhudza ku analamula zida ntchito pa njira imeneyi zimadalira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zifukwa:

- ngati pali zomangamanga zina, mwina patsogolo chilichonse sanali;

- kaya kwawo zida ntchito, kapena chifukwa kuti pali zina zimene sitingathe;

- mmene owerenga ambiri akufuna kulumikiza Intaneti latsopano;

- mndandanda wa zinthu ofunika.

zipangizo FTTx-akayakaya akhoza wachinsinsi monga muyezo kwenikweni, izo womangidwa kwa «×» mfundo. Osiyanasiyana ntchito zoperekedwa ndi kampani, malingana ndi kuchuluka ndi mtundu wa mawonekedwe kuti akugwiritsa ntchito zida, komanso limagwirira kulamulira apamsewu. Ngati mukufuna kukhala zofunikira zilipo, ndiye njira yabwino ndi ntchito machitidwe FTTC / FTTB, kukhala ndi kuwala uplink-mawonekedwe. ntchito zawo zoyenera mu makampani akuluakulu-kakulidwe, malo malonda ndi maofesi zogona, kumene mkuwa kale alipo zomangamanga. Izi zimafuna aliyense chipangizo kuika rauta FTTx.

Pomaliza

Kumbali ya zachuma, bungwe Intaneti zochokera luso kuwala CHIKWANGWANI amapezeka wolungama ndi ndende yaikulu ya azilandira malipiro, kapena kumanga zigawo nyumba yatsopano, pamene nkhani gulu pa kuika zingwe ali pa siteji kapangidwe. maukonde ayenera kukonzekera kuti mapeto mfundo uli pafupi ndi wosuta ngati nkotheka. Ntchito yomanga madera atsopano choyenera kuti ayende kubweretsa izo molunjika kwa nyumba adzakhala yabwino onse chiyambi komanso m'tsogolo.