Futurism ndi chithunzi - ziri ... Futurism ndi chithunzi cha m'ma 20: nthumwi. Futurism ndi chithunzi Russian

Inde, tonsefe tamva chinthu monga "futurism". Nthawi yomweyo pali fano umboni wa chinachake wosangalatsa, latsopano, zopanda chilungamo. Pofuna amanena, tiyeni kusuntha mwachindunji kuganizira kalembedwe luso.

"Futurism" ndi chiyani?

Ambiri, Futurism - ndi dzina wamba buku - luso kalembedwe m'zaka za m'ma 20, amene anauka poyamba mu Italy ndipo kenako mu Russia. Futurists kumanga zinachitika a m'tsogolo, ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri umene unali chiwonongeko cha olakwika chikhalidwe. Tikhoza kunena kuti iwo anali m'mafanizidwe a boma paluso, cholinga chinali kusintha malingaliro ambiri ndi maganizo koyenela analipo m'mbuyomo ake onse ntchito yolenga. pulogalamuyi kwakukulu amutsutsa cholowa zonse zokongola, pamene ndithu wokhutitsidwa ndi zofunikira za kudziyimira pawokha mtheradi wa luso. Iwo osati atapereka chitsanzo atsopano a dongosolo la dziko, iwo kulengedwanso ndi zinachitika wa luso latsopano ndi urbanism.

Futurism mu kupenta m'ma 20

Tikhoza kunena kuti Futurism ndi chithunzi - zimakhala zosavuta prinebrezhitelnost academicism zimene zimalimbikitsa mawu a wapadera ndi akewo. Atsogoleri choyambirira kupenta anali amisiri monga Hugo Boccioni, Carlo Carra, Gino Severini, Dzhakomo Balla. The njira kuphedwa ndi ofanana kwambiri cubism ndi expressionism, koma wakhala zowonera chosiyana kuyenda umoyo ndale. Ojambula zithunzi-Futurists anafuna yolenganso chithunzi akhoza anasamutsa kwa wowerenga yoposa muyeso wa anasamukira ku mzinda wa fano kwa spatiality linaonekera, ndi chisonyezo akuthwa. Nthawi zambiri kuwonekera pa nsalu zokha ayi mosiyanasiyana zojambula, amene anali m'zigawozigawo kwambiri. Analenga yonyenga kaleidoscope a mitundu amene anali kugwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana kwambiri.

The strangeness a mtundu sipekitiramu ntchito za amisiri futurist

Futurism ndi chithunzi - si zikuchokera kanjedza. A khalidwe achilendo ndi sipekitiramu a mitundu, zosiyanasiyana zimene zimathandiza inu kulenga cholembedwa zapadera chithunzicho. Wina ntchito kuwala mitundu, prinebregaya kusakaniza utoto, ena amakonda mawu ndi wonyong'onya. Choncho, aluso anasonyeza umboni luso, cholinga chimene anali kulenga nyimbo zazikulu ndi zowonera zodabwitsa thupi monga mphamvu, liwiro ndipo ngakhale phokoso. The peculiarity Nyimbo awa, pakalibe zili zenizeni, chithunzicho makamaka anafuna chifukwa wowerenga ufulu kucheza entailing maganizo osiyana ndi maganizo.

Futurism ndi chithunzi Russian

Monga cholinga mu masomphenya luso Futurism analipo isanafike 1920s lapansi. ojambula zithunzi Russian nthawi iyi anali kwambiri nyimbo ndi kusakasaka lawo, iwo kawirikawiri anali mu Europe. Creative kanjedza anapeza vuto lenileni mu manifestos wa Futurists chiyambi Italy, koma lodziwika kwa mfundo zawo. Russian ojambula zithunzi Futurist anali palokha aluso Western Mwachitsanzo, ankamutama si chapamwamba cha luso ndi kusungulumwa anthu pakati pa magalimoto. Kuchoka mphindi ojambula zithunzi Russian anayamba amachita zinachitikira luso chikhalidwe ndipo mwakhama ntchito pa chilengedwe cha yolimbikira makhalidwe amakono mu kuphweka zake zonse. Timadziwa kuti kuti Futurism ojambula zithunzi ndi chithunzi - ndi njira kudzinenera zakukhosi, Molimba Mtima.

Oimira Futurism ndi chithunzi

Mu Russia, oimira loyamba futurism amene anathandiza zikuchikazi, zitsulo Burliuk abale.
Amayang'anila kusonyeza kuti ndi zithunzi amazipanga yowala. Likukhalira osati ntchito kuyamba ntchito zambiri, komanso anali anayambitsa magulu atsopano mwa aluso amene atchukitsa khalidwe lomwe latsopano. Pambuyo bwalo nasledovaley anayamba kukula mofulumira. Ndife bwino ofala ojambula zithunzi-futurists monga N. Burliuk, Larionov, Goncharova, M. Matyushin, N. Kulbin, Alexandra Exter, MF Larionov, NS Goncharova, Kazimir Malevich. Mu ntchito oimira izi, tikhoza kusunga maganizo multidimensional, mitundu umene aliyense wowerenga amaona pa.

Futurism mu kupenta. zithunzi

Anthu ambiri aluso chabe ndinabwereka lingaliro kuchokera Cubists ndi, chifukwa panali anthu ambiri amene ntchito ndi olemba monga Nathan Altman ( "Anna Akhmatova", 1914), Robert Falk ( "Crimea Yard", 1915), Kazimir Malevich ( "Kukonza Rye" 1912). Chimodzi cha zolengedwa ndi zachilendo kubofuturisticheskogo kukhala zithunzi omveka a Vladimir ndi Davida Burlyukov m'buku Vasiliya Kamenskogo "tango ndi ng'ombe" (1914).

Panthawi imeneyi, mabuku mogwirizana pafupi ndi luso labwino. Andakatulo futuristic malangizo ankayesetsa zowonera ojambula zithunzi, kotero kuti ntchito chonse anaonekera.

Chitsanzo cha imodzi mwa ntchito za Malevich - "Aviator" (1914)

Tiyeni tione imodzi mwa ntchito. The kulunjika a kwenikweni ofanana izi: geometrization wa chithunzi imaged ndi chimodzimodzi-Cubist ojambula zithunzi. Koma Futurists, mwachitsanzo Cubo-Futurists, geometrization atenge mbali zochepetsetsa, ndipo si nthawi zonse mwachibadwa. Pa cithunzithunzi, tirikuona Malevich geometrize, atavala mu zitsulo zida zina chithunzi cha munthu. Mu kumtunda kwa cithunzithunzi, tirikuona chifanizo cha mphanda, apa pali kumwa, kusewera makhadi ndi chizindikiro. Izi chithunzi lonse ngati zikuuluka, akuyandama. Aliyense ntchito umabala chizindikiro, ndipo chilengedwe ichi yotero. Tikhoza kunena kuti nkhani ya chithunzi zimaimira kulunjika a ndege zaka chake choyamba. Kodi tiwolokere, ndi chithunzi cha aeronaut lapansi. Space yokha zikuwoneka imakhala yokha ya ndege akuda ndi mabuku mu mawonekedwe a yamphamvu ndi.

Pambuyo nyengo ya nkhondo, aliyense "kupulumuka" chithunzicho-futurist anasamukira ku malangizo ake. Tikhoza kunena kuti luso mkati futurism pang'onopang'ono anayamba kutaya kufunika kwake, ndipo onse anali atatopa kukhazikitsa yokhala ndi malingaliro. Koma Futurism ndi chithunzi - nyengo lonse mu mbiriyakale ya luso. Ndi atsogoleri kulenga adafunafuna kusintha dziko, kuti amasulire maganizo a anthu pa njira ina mwa mawu ndi kuya khalidwe. Zoterezi zina chabe kumanga nzeru kuti andithandiza osati luso ndi mabuku, komanso mu filimu, video luso, ndipo, ndithudi, zisudzo.