Horatio Nelson: yonena, chidwi mfundo

Mkulu wa zombo British Goratsio Nelson ndi imodzi yotchuka kwambiri ndi kukumbukira asilikali British. Mu ntchito yake, iye anali yokopa zingapo ndi nkhondo yoopsayo, kuteteza ulemu ndi zofuna za ufumu.

Childhood ndi unyamata

Tsogolo asilikali Horatio Nelson anabadwa mu 1758 mu wansembe banja. Bambo ake anali ndi ana 11 koma kuti sizinamulepheretse kuti awabweretse iwo onse mkati chikhalidwe cha chikondi ndi chisamaliro. Edmund Nelson Horatio anayesa accustom ntchito thupi ndi thupi. mwana wake anali osiyana chowawa thanzi, koma pa nthawi yomweyo anali ndi khalidwe amphamvu.

12 wazaka Horatio anasankha kutsatira mapazi a amalume ake ndi kukhala yapamadzi. Mu 1771, iye poyamba anaonekera mu nyanja. chombo wake "m'chigonjetso" anapita ku West Indies (Caribbean), kumene kanyumba mnyamata ali zinamuchitikira woyamba akatswiri.

Nkhondo American Chiwukirano

Mu 1777, achinyamata Horatio Nelson potsiriza chikugwirizana moyo wake ndi zombo za bwino mayeso ku Mulingo wa mkulu. Ilo likadali limachokera ku nyanja ya kumadzulo pamene Great Britain anali madera ambiri. Komabe, pa nthawiyi ufumu wakhala akukumana ndi vuto lalikulu. The madera American kulengeza nkhondo mzindawo akufuna kuti apeze ufulu. Mu 1776, iwo anapanga United States of America.

Spain anathandiza ankalamulira, lomwe Africa nacho chuma chambiri. Poyankha, Britain anatumiza zombo kuti kugombe la nyanja ya Gulf of Mexico. Pa limodzi la zombo amene anali Horatio Nelson. Iye anakhala nawo ankafika pa kamwa ya ku San Juan Mtsinje. opaleshoni zinalephereka. British analephera kupeza kufalikira zimene tsopano ndi Nicaragua. Komanso, Nelson nthawi imene anatumizidwa ku Jamaica. Mwinamwake anapulumutsa moyo wake, monga ochuluka a British anachoka pa Africa zatha.

Mu yamtendere,

Posachedwa Chiwukirano nkhondo American inatha. Komabe, ngalawayo Horatio Nelson mu West Indies. The UK m'dera lino anali akadali ankawalamulira. Zaka zingapo mkulu nawo pa kayendetsedwe ka malonda ndi dziko la America. Panthawi imeneyi, izo analenga msika latsopanoli, lomwe ndi ufulu woti ulembedwe United States.

Cha m'ma '80s, Nelson anabwerera kwawo. Koma moyo chete iye analephera. Mu France, ulimi kunabuka amene analanda ufumu. mfumu anaphedwa, pamene akuluakulu a boma kumbali ya Republic. Ambiri monarchies European anali sakondwera ndi zochitika zimenezi. Zaka zingapo zotsatira, nawonso analenga odana French mgwirizano.

Kuvulala ndi udindo wa kumbuyo asilikali

ntchito zimenezi onse ankhondo chinachitika ndi Horatio Nelson. Wambiri kapitawo akumenyana njira, wodzala ndi mavuto. M'chaka cha 1794, ku Corsica, iye anavulala diso. Patapita zaka zingapo, Nelson anataya dzanja lake lamanja. Izo zinachitika kunkhondo ku zilumba za Canary, kumene British anamenyana ndi Spain amene anathandiza French.

Pankhondo kuchokera Cape St. Vincent ku Portugal Nelson pa chongoganiza payekha anabweretsa okwana mwini chombo squadron natenga mchitidwe yowopsa, anathandiza British kupambana Matope omwe ankakokoloka anawononga chigonjetso. Wolimba kapitawo anatsogolera adani awiri zombo Spanish, amene anatengedwa pa sitimayo. Pambuyo nkhondo imeneyi, mu 1797, Nelson anakhala kumbuyo-asilikali. Iye anali simudafikire zaka 40.

Bulu ngwazi

Mu 1798, Nelson kulamulira squadron a. Akuluakulu sanali mwadala anam'patsa zombo za - msilikali wolemekezeka chifukwa kulimbamtima wake, malingaliro lakuthwa ndi mphamvu za chisankho volitional mu nthawi yamavuto. Komabe, iye sanali asalandidwe ena zikhulupiriro amalinyero. Mlongoti flagship Horatio Nelson chinali ndi horseshoe - chizindikiro cha zabwino zonse. Oyendetsa kuchokera konsekonse mu dziko nthawizonse zakhala chikondi cha zizindikiro. Kuti pali mwambo mayiko shutter ngalawa pamadzi!

Pa nthawiyi n'kuti France, ndi kukula mu kutchuka kupeza bwino ndi mtima mtsogoleri wa asilikali Napoleon Bonaparte. Iye sanafune amadalira boma dziko. Mu 1798 anakonza ambiri Aigupto kampeni. Cholinga chake chinali kuphwanya kugwirizana ndi madera British ku India. Yokhala, Egypt anali gawo la Ottoman, koma chitsutso chachikulu m'chigawo chinalimba ndendende pakati pa asilikali France ndi Britain.

Pamene squadron British analowa Nyanja Mediterranean kupita kwa dziko zosowa pa mlongoti flagship Horatio Nelson akadali ankavala horseshoe. Iye akhali na chidikhiro kuti dziko lake siidzatha pa nthawi yofunika mtundu wonsewo.

Nkhondo ya Aboukir

The zoopsa panyanja nkhondo yapaderayi Igupto anali Nkhondo ya Nile, womwe unatenga kuchokera 1 mpaka 3 August 1798. miyezi itatu kale zombo British mopupuluma anathamangitsa zombo French pa bolodi amene anali aboma molamulidwa ndi Bonaparte. Napoleon anakwanitsa lidzaponyedwe Egypt, kenako kupita kumudzi. zombo The chamangika pa gombe la Abu Qir Bay pafupi wotchuka Alexandria. Pa kutaya Mtsogoleri Fransua De Bruay izo zinkayenera Nkhondo 13 4 frigates. Zinali zedi mphamvu. Asilikali Horatio Nelson m'chombo ku Egypt ndi yaing'ono kachulukidwe kwanthawi - 14 zombo za mzere ndi sloop.

Chifukwa chachikulu kulephera kwa French kuti alola British kuti kuzemba ndi adzazungulire zombo kuchokera mbali ziwiri - kuchokera ku nyanja ndi kumtunda. Komanso, De Bruay anakwiyanso wokhutitsidwa. Iye anakhulupirira kuti British kuti n'komwe kuukira iye zombo zikuluzikulu, ndipo ngakhale anakonza Cannon kuti akhoza amawateteza woyamba kuukira. Mu kutentha kwa nkhondo zotsatira mkulu anaphedwa. Mlongoti Horatio Nelson chombo wake wonse ndi zonse pansi moto. Koma nthawi ino, asilikali mwayi. Iye osati anapulumuka, komanso anapambana nkhondo. Zombo French anawonongedwa. Napoleon anadulidwa pansi Goliyati, amene akufotokoza kulephera kwa ulendo kukwera wake.

Madzulo a nkhondo yomaliza

kampeni Aigupto kachiwiri amasonkhana ndi monarchies European. Iwo analenga mgwirizano watsopano ndi Republic. Nthawiyi, Napoleon anabwerera kwawo ku likulu la zokhumba za. Choyamba, iye anakhala kazembe woyamba, ndipo mu 1804 - mfumu.

onse oyambirira XIX atumwi zinali zodzaza ndi nkhondo Napoleonic. France anapitiriza kuchirikiza Spain. Bonaparte anakonza kukonza ndi ndegeyo amphibious mu UK. Koma chinalepheretsa zombo kuti adzatsekeredwa kulondera English Channel. Choncho, mkulu wa asilikali analamula asilikali Villeneuve amathera feint akafike Nyanja Caribbean, kumene iwo anali madera British.

Komabe, dongosolo sizinagwire ntchito. The British, safuna opanda chitetezo cha chilumba lakwawo, anakhalabe mu Khwalala. Napoleon anasiya ndondomeko choyambirira ndipo anaganiza kuukira Ufumu wa Naples ku Italy. Nthawiyi, zombo French anabwerera ku Spain, kumene watsekedwa ndi Nelson mu Cadiz.

imfa

Napoleon analamula Villeneuve kuti zichoke lazungulira ndi kupita ku Mediterranean kuti amuthandize ku Italy. Asilikali anayesa kutsatira dongosolo, koma analephera. zombo wake anawonongedwa ndi British, anatsogolera Goratsio Nelson. The yonena za wolimba kapitawo nkhani iyi kwambiri ndi mabala ake. Koma nthawi iyi, pa tsiku loyamba la nkhondo la Trafalgar, iye anawomberedwa ndi Sniper kuchokera mtunda wa mamita 15.

Izo zinachitika October 21, 1805. Imfa ya asilikali anakwiyitsa okha British. Mu ukali, mbwenye sipyo pidacitika zombo 22, mosataya limodzi. About anasiya dziko ngwazi maliro aliyense amene anakhalako. Horatio Nelson ophatikizidwa zolinga zonse kapitawo wangwiro.

Polemekeza atsopano wake kupambana wina wa m'dera lapakati London anadzatchedwa Trafalgar. Likulu la gulu loyimba wake mapulani ndi ndime Nelson, ndipo anaika kumeneko mu 1843 okumbukira asilikali luso.