Ichi ndi malopoznannoe zingalowe

Air - ndi mipweya, makamaka asafe (78%) ndi mpweya O ₂ (21%). Chachikulu mpweya okwanira (80%) ndi mu wosanjikiza m'munsi a m'mlengalenga - ndi troposphere. The troposphere ndi pafupifupi kutalika kwa 15 Km from dziko lapansili. Inali pamwamba zigawo chapamwamba za m'mlengalenga kumene mpweya uli rarefied kuti iwo ndi zosafunika moyo ndi amatchedwa "yosesa".

Khomo danga

Pamwamba pa troposphere pafupifupi 60 kuchokera msinkhu wosatsogoleredwa yaikulu chimafikira pamwamba pa Dziko Lapansi. Izi - ndi stratosphere. wosanjikiza limeneli limatchedwa "predkosmos" kapena "khomo m'malere." Mbali yaikulu pang'onopang'ono kuwuka kwake vertically kutentha. Kuyambira opanda 60 ° ^C pamalo okwera 15-20 Km from dziko lapansili mpaka + 2 ^{° C,} motero, pa chimbuzi cha stratosphere pa msinkhu wa 55-60 Km.

The stratosphere - kugonjetsedwa wosanjikiza mpweya, imene palibe convection mpweya.

Madzi nthunzi mu wosanjikiza izi pafupifupi kulibeko. Koma pamalo okwera pafupifupi 25 kuchokera nthawi zina anati otchedwa "ngale" mitambo. Kuphunzira ndi kumvetsa khalidwe la chiyambi wochitidwa ndi asayansi padziko lonse lapansi.

Ozoni - chotchinga

An anapeza zofunika anali stratospheric ozoni, wopangidwa mwa wapadera maselo mpweya O _3. wosanjikiza uyu ali ndi makulidwe a mamilimita 2-3, koma ali ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri kuteteza Lapansi ndi moyo pa izo kwa mavuto cheza ultraviolet dzuwa. Mwa kuphunzira katundu wa chishango ozoni, asayansi apeza kuti akhoza kuwononga mpweya freon, kamodzi ntchito kwambiri mafakitale. Panopa ntchito Freon yoletsedwa lonse kuyambira chiwonongeko cha wosanjikiza Mpweya umene n'kogwiritsa imfa ya zamoyo zonse padziko lapansi.

malo lotseguka malo

Kunja m'mlengalenga wopandamalire zingalowe akuyamba. danga ili. Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti chilengedwe chonse wapangidwa ndi nyenyezi zambiri. Aliyense Way ali dongosolo yake. Anthu miyoyo Way wotchedwa Dzuwa System, chomwe ndi nyenyezi - dzuwa - ndi mapulaneti Kukhazikika mukukonzeratu mozungulira icho.

Asayansi kusiyanitsa mfundo monga "pafupi" ndi "kutali" danga.

Near danga zinthu zili mu dongosolo la zowalitsa. Iwo mapulaneti ndi makina awo, mwezi, meteorites, asteroids, comets. zinthu zozama danga ili kunja dongosolo la zowalitsa. Awa ndi nyenyezi, nyenyezi, nebulae, mabowo wakuda. patali ndi kuchita masamu mu zaka kuwala.

Airless danga. Mavuto kuphunzira

Vuto lalikulu mu kuphunzira stratosphere ndi kuti mpweya rarefied kwambiri Pa msinkhu. Munthu sangathe kupulumuka pano popanda suti wapadera. Kuwonjezera chosowa mpweya chifukwa kupuma otsika kwambiri mumlengalenga kuthamanga kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti anthu magazi akuyamba kuwira. Mwachibadwa, ndi yosemphana ndi moyo. Choncho stratosphere kuphunzira anayamba ndi posachedwapa - mu 30s wa m'zaka za m'ma 20, pamene kupangidwa otchedwa stratospheric zibaluni. Kwa nthawi yoyamba pa zibaluni stratospheric kuti okwera 16 Km mmwamba Swiss O. Picard ndi P. Kipfer. zaka 3 kenako mu 1934, oyendetsa Soviet analowa stratosphere lapansi. Mwatsoka, ulendo uno sayansi momvetsa chisoni - anthu onsewo anaphedwa.

Ngati stratosphere kuphunzira mwakhama, kuphunzira danga - ziri zonse amazipanga zovuta kwambiri mtengo, ndipo Sutha, pa siteji iyi ya citukuko sayansi.

Pakuti maofesi kafukufuku "pafupi" danga ntchito spacecraft ndi probes interplanetary. Munthu komabe anagwetsa makina mu phunziro mwachindunji kwa chilengedwe, monga malo izi woopsa kwambiri.

phunziro sakufuna "yaitali" danga ngati n'zotheka yekha chiphunzitso.

Anthropological ntchito malo airless

Zingalowe - danga, mwamtheradi mfulu ku mtundu uliwonse wa nkhani, kuphatikizapo mpweya, mwachitsanzo, komanso ndi zingalowe ... Olemedwa ndi kuwala makampani, mankhwala, kumanga ankagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo kuyamwa. Tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi odziwika zingalowe m'malo zotsukira. Pezani opanda mtheradi ndi amazipanga kovuta, ndi asayansi pa njira cholinga ichi. A zingalowe moona mkulu alipo yekha mu mlengalenga.

Stratosphere - malo abwino kwa oyendetsa asilikali. Zipolopolo kwambiri chiyani kuuluka, ndi zoponya mabomba kapena reconnaissance zouluka ndi pafupifupi invulnerable kuti mpweya chitetezo. Pa "yosanja" a m'mlengalenga kukulozani balloons opanda, zomwe zimathandiza meteorologists kulosera nyengo molondola monga momwe kungathekere.

danga Airless otchedwa danga ntchito kukhazikitsa makina, yomwe limasonyeza kuti dziko, kuthandiza ndi kufunafuna chuma mchere, anapatsidwa Zoneneratu kuyandikira mikuntho, zowononga ndi mikuntho kupewa chilala ndi madzi osefukira.

Kuphunzira malo ali ukasintha anasiya chifaniziro cha asayansi pa nkhaniyo.

Komanso, kuphunzira malo chimalimbikitsa wopandamalire anthu chidwi, chilakolako "kuyang'ana kunja pa zenera," kudziwa kwachinsinsi.