India. India Art. The luso la India wakale

Panthaŵi iliyonse ndi wapadera chikhalidwe chake chosiyana. Mofananamo, luso la India zikusintha mibadwo mibadwo. Mu dziko lino, kukhala ngati mitundu ya luso, ngati kupenta, zomangamanga ndi zosemasema.

Mapangidwe luso India

Indian luso ali kunayambira ku zojambula mbiri isanayambe phanga. Nthawi zambiri, zinthu za chikhalidwe Indian ali chinyezimiro wangwiro wa kachitidwe maganizo a dziko, zomwe zimawachititsa introspective kwambiri. Mmodzi wa iwo akukhala anati yoga lingaliro za kufunika detachment asatengere makhalidwe onse akunja ndi zosokoneza maganizo ikuthamanga. Choncho, chowonadi ozungulira n'chofunikira sekondale India. Indian luso ndi osiyana mu cholinga ndi pa iconography achipembedzo ndi akamabadwa, ngakhale choncho kumene mu zokongoletsera, zovala ndi zina zotero. D. Borrows zinthu za moyo wamasiku ano.

Features fano dziko

nkhani Environmental tiyenela kuiganizila nkhani ya aesthetics wa dziko lino, amene savomereza zachiphamaso naturalism, Kuzindikira kapena chabe. Kodi chofunika, chifukwa "kukhazikitsidwa kwa choonadi" amene adzatenge kufanana wangwiro. Luso akale India lophweka, chifukwa chirengedwe amalenga kuipidwa ndi aluntha, ndipo kokha kuyamika zizindikiro kukhala kufotokoza izo. Ndicho chifukwa otchulidwa amathandiza kwambiri pano. Kuphweka, ku mfundo imeneyi wosachita zingatheke achipongwe, kuti kunali kotheka kusunga pa luso aipa. Mmusi ku chitukuko cha nambala njira kufotokoza tanthauzo lenileni la zinthu kapena zinthu kuti chithunzicho ndi ziboliboli analandidwa.

Image njira zenizeni mu luso ndi nthawi kwambiri kapena zochepa kuonetsa maganizo atsopano a nyengo makamaka. Apa ife sindikuyankhula za m'tsogolo, koma njira ndi zipangizo zofunika kufala kwa malingaliro amaonetsa amene panthawi zosiyanasiyana anali osiyana, ku mfundo zokongoletsa maganizo, analibe mwayi uliwonse pa ena India. Luso la India nthawi zambiri ophiphiritsa kwambiri, makamaka mawu a kufala kwa zinthu zachirengedwe.

Luso II lapansi. BC - III m'ma AD

Mu luso wakale, mu nthawi II. BC - III m'ma AD, n'zotheka kudziwa ndi motsindika makamaka pa malo ochezera. Ojambula zithunzi monga Mwachitsanzo, Amaravati, anayesa kutsutsana ndi zenizeni. Pofufuza anga kudzera zilembo iwo akhafuna kampereka zithunzi osati pa moyo Buddha, koma inunso Mwachitsanzo, kulambira Yaksha ndi mitengo, amene ankakonda kwambiri pa nthawi imeneyo pakati pa anthu. Koma si onse luso la India wakale zoyenera mbali ya moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Ojambula zithunzi nthawi zonse chidwi kutsindika kuti zochitika kunja kwa chikhalidwe zikhoza mphamvu yochepa chabe. Nature, maganizo awo, wolemera kwambiri ophiphiritsa tanthauzo. The luso la India wakale wolemera kuda ankaganizira, omwe sangakhoze kumvetsedwa popanda kutchula mabuku akale Indian. ziwalo angapezeke kuti zojambula m'ma VI ndi Ajanta Bug.

Indian Culture VI - X zaka.

zinthu zatsopano unayamba kuonekera kuyambira chiyambi cha chi Gupta. Ojambula zithunzi ataya chidwi mwa munthu, koma anayamba kusonyeza kuti milungu ndi malo awo. Ndipo ngakhale ndi kusintha kosangalatsa mu motsindika, iwo anamvera tsiku ndi tsiku, ngakhale mlingo wochepa. Image zachilengedwe akhala kwambiri stereotyped. Monga kunalembedwa mu nthawi iyi, Vishnu Purana Dharmottara angapeze gawo wapadera woperekedwa kuti pachithunzipa, kutanthauza mmene misonkhano ziyenela kuyan'anidwa. Mu zaka izi luso ife tikhoza kuwona kwenikweni monga mutu anadzipereka kwa milungu, ndi pang'ono kwambiri - panopa pa nthawi ya moyo.

Art X - XIV zaka.

Pambuyo pa zaka za m'ma 10 ndi chithunzi Indian, komanso m'mipukutu M'buda, mungapeze zinthu zochepa kwambiri zachilengedwe ndi moyo wamakono. Kunyalanyaza ojambula zithunzi ozungulira anaikira chokhazikika pa Chibuda milungu yaimuna ndi yaikazi mandalas. Popeza iwo asanakhale danga yochepa, aluso anali okhutira ndi zithunzi za milungu yaimuna ndi yaikazi. Mmenemo mipukutu, zomwe iwo chiyani, mphamvu zamatsenga zimawachititsa chinthu kusirira admirers ku India. Indian luso zinachitikadi kwambiri. Yekha kunja makhalidwe, amene ankatengedwa ojambula zithunzi, ndi kukhudzidwa kwa Tantric Chibuda. Iwo sankasamala kapena chikhalidwe kapena zinthu zinalili pa nthawi imeneyo.

Art India XIV - zaka XVI.

Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 14, aluso akhala chidwi mowonjezera mu moyo chikhalidwe nkhani zachilengedwe. ntchito zawo zikhoza kuwonetseredwa kwa olakwika Muslim m'chifanizo cha alendo onse amene anaonekera iwo. Izi zikusonyeza kuti anali maganizo yotsimikizika za Turkey, amene panthawiyo analamulira kumpoto ndi kumadzulo mbali ya India. Ntchito zawo malo akuoneka ngati gawo osiyana zikuchokera, ndipo osati monga mkhalidwe wa makamaka powonekera.

Zooneka luso la India amapereka lenileni lingaliro la miyoyo ya anthu kuposa zina zilizonse mabuku a nthawi. M'zaka za m'ma 16 nachobe chidwi izi. Kwa nthawi yoyamba pali Mwachitsanzo, zithunzi za anthu enieni okhala kumadera akumidzi, alimi ndi abusa, ndi amai amatenga mu banja tsiku ndi tsiku. Nature nayenso zambiri ambiri likuimira anaonekera m'ziwawa fanizo la nkhalango ndi zinyama. Indian luso wakhala wodzazidwa ndi matanthauzo atsopano.