Izi zinali ilili oyamba Earth kanjira

Oyambirira yophukira m'mawa mu 1957, ndipo nthawi yeniyeni pa October 3, pa za Baikonur Cosmodrome Launch galimoto yoyamba Earth yokumba Kanema mosamala pamalo choimirira. Njira kuti zotsatira zake zomveka za kwambiri ntchito ndi magulu ambiri mu Soviet Union. Komabe maola makumi anai a macheke, fixings ndi chisangalalo, koma maonekedwe a m'mlengalenga ndi kale anaika ena kudalira bwino chotero nkhani zovuta. Ilo linali lokongola. nyengo frosty, ndi roketi lonse, ayambe a galimoto njanji, ataima pafupi yokutidwa ndi chisanu, lonyezimira ngati daimondi fumbi.

PS-1 woyamba Soviet Kanema, ndipo anali kale mu uta chombo chidafika yaing'ono (masekeli makilogalamu zosakwana 84), mpira zooneka, m'mimba ake anali 580 mm. Mkati, mu zouma asafe m'mlengalenga, ndi ankapoperamo pakompyuta imene mfundo za zipambano lero angaone ngati zophweka kwambiri. Koma musati kudumpha kuganiza - pa m'munsi chubu amafotokozera ndi aligorivimu mwachilungamo zovuta yagwiridwira ntchito zipangizo makina basi. Pamene ilili woyamba anali wosiyana chonyamulira wake, adatuluka tinyanga anayi pini kupereka otaya khola la wailesi chizindikiro mbali zonse. Oyendetsa udindo wa chipangizo mu mlengalenga, ndiye muyeso wa emitters azionera directionless kuthetsedwa vuto la chenjezo la ntchito nthaka dongosolo ndi malo mu kanjira.

Kuwulutsa anali alternately ziwiri Watt chopatsilira, pambuyo demodulation anali chizindikiro phokoso mu mawonekedwe a "mukapeza", ndipo ngati ntchito zina za mfundo wakhala nthenda, "beep" Kawirikawiri adawomba. Amawatenga Amateurs wailesi akuti anali kuchitira umboni kuti Kanema choyamba kwenikweni chofunika mu kanjira.

Zipangizo zofunika kutsatira anthu okhwima mperaturnogo mode, ndipo AMATHANDIZA ophatikizidwa zimakupiza heaters.

Ilili woyamba orbited galimoto R-7, pa nthawi atsopano, amene anali kachidindo chinsinsi "sakugwirizana 8K71PS". Izo zinali kokha wachisanu chida Launch, olengedwa mwa KB, kutsogozedwa ndi SP Korolev. Waukulu ndi cholinga chake - yobereka zida za nyukiliya cholinga - Africa American. Koma izi njira yoopsa ndipo anapeza ntchito mtendere - kubweretsa ilili yoyamba pafupi-Earth danga.

General Mlengi sizinali zophweka kutsimikizira kasamalidwe kufunika malo othawirako, ndipo pamene adalephera, anapereka deadlines zolimba kwambiri. The ntchito mautumiki osiyana ndi madipatimenti kunachitika pa nthawi yomweyo, zambiri ndidali wosadziwika, ndi luso kuyambira Yak ndi mavuto. Ilili woyamba anali kupeza nthawi.

Pa 10:28 madzulo Moscow nthawi pa October 4, roketi anasangalala kwambiri mu mlengalenga, ndipo posakhalitsa TASS analengeza kukhazikitsa maloto nthaŵi yaitali anthu onse - kuyenda kwa nyenyezi lakutali anakhala kuthekera weniweni, kutsimikiziridwa kuchita.

Mkulu pa mitu ya anthu a dziko anaulukira nyenyezi pang'ono, ilili choyamba. USSR anakhala kwawo, asayansi, akatswiri ndi ogwira ntchito - ndi Mlengi wake, ndipo panalibe malire kuchangamuka kwa anthu onse, kumva nawo mbali mu kupambana kwa.