"Jacques-sucker" anali ndi losavuta kapena Jacquerie Kodi

Jacquerie ndi chiyani? Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zisudzo yotchuka kwambiri ya anthu wamba mu mbiri yonse ya dziko. Mu nthawi yochepa chiwembu pansi mbendera ake anali anthu 100 sauzande. Kuwonjezera kuphatikizapo wamba, osauka a m'tawuni ndi amisiri amene amasamalira m'tsogolo ndipo mapeto a Mama.

Background. ANAKULIRA kugalukira

Kuti tiyankhe funso, kodi Jacquerie, muyenera kubwerera kwa zaka 700 zapitazo ndi kumvetsa zimene zinthu zinkachitika mu dziko. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka XIII-XIV ku Ulaya osatetezeka kwambiri. Panali nkhondo, ponseponse, ponseponse mliri. mphamvu Royal anali akadali wofooka kwambiri kulimbana ndi lalikulu ambuye ang'onoang'ono. Choncho korona kudalira maganizo a mumzinda wa.

Mu 1348, yoweyula latsopano mliri amene anapha malinga ndi ziwerengero osiyanasiyana kuchokera 1/3 kuti ½ kukula kwa chiwerengero French. Antchito anali zochepa, chotero mtengo wa ntchito chawonjezeka, koma anaganiza kuti liletse kukweza malipiro, amenenso unakhudzadi kwambiri pa zinthu zoweta. N'chifukwa chake dziko waphunzira zimene Jacquerie.

Komanso, panali nkhondo yoopsayo ndi England, ndi cha m'ma XIV France anagonja. Nkhondo ya Poitiers, unachitikira mu 1356, wakhala chofunika chifukwa cha mpanduko yomweyo. The French anali anagonjetsa, ndi mfumu yawo analandidwa kukhonda kusaina mtendere disadvantageous, pafupifupi hafu ya dera la zinyalala French mu ntchito ya English. N'chifukwa chake dziko waphunzira zimene Jacquerie.

Zimayambitsa kugalukira Jacquerie

Kugonjetsedwa kwa Poitiers ndi zochitika pambuyo pake, vuto la anthu wamba, kulimbana wachifumu wa France ... Izi ndi zifukwa kwa kugalukira Jacquerie.

Atagonjetsedwa ku Poitiers anali msonkhano ndi States kuti athetse mavuto mkati ndi kumuopseza kunja. Thupi nthumwi waganiza kuti atchule msonkho watsopano, lozhivshiesya katundu wolemetsa pa mapewa a anthu wamba ndi m'tauni. Iwo ankapita ndi Eten Marsel. Komanso, "wopindidwa mzere" Dauphin - wolowa ku Mpandowachifumu Charles. Aliyense amafuna kutenga mphamvu mu manja awo. States General ankafuna kuti amuchotsepo mafumu, ndi Dauphin M'malo mwake, kukhumbira mwachindunji, anafuna nauyang'anire. Iwo anayamba feuding.

Pofuna kumvetsa zimene Jacquerie, kudziwa malo wamba mu moyo wa boma. Tangotchulawo mfundo za depopulation chifukwa chosokonezeka ndi utithandize phindu la ntchito chifukwa kuchepetsa ntchito. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo anthu wamba akadziwa kufunika kwake mu dongosolo anthu ndi zoonekera kusonyeza izo. Koma pakati pa anthu mphamvu ya anthu ndi strata olemera a wamba ndi dzina "Jacques-sucker." Kwa amphawi ndi ankapatsidwa chotonzedwa mwina apamwamba. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, ndi manyazi dzina ndi dzina - kugalukira Jacquerie.

Mayendedwe a kugalukira ndi

Kugalukira anayamba ndi chakuti alimi beauvezer limodzi la nkhondo ndi asilikali a Dauphin anapha Ankhondo angapo, poyankha kukakamizidwa kuti kulimbikitsa njira mumzindawo. Motero anali wolandira kwa mkwiyo wachifumu, anamasulidwa wamba onse. Dera ndi kugalukira, chinali lonse kumpoto France. Apadera kulinganiza yolimbikitsa misa anali Gilom Kal, amene anali usilikali, koma iyemwini mlimi. Motsogozedwa wake chiwembu Jacquerie mu 1358. Patangopita nthawi yochepa, anthu masauzande ambiri anabwera pansi mbendera yake. Ena olemba otchedwa chithunzi cha anthu 100 zikwi, lomwe limasonyeza lonse la gululo. Kugalukira anaopseza ufumu pa munthu wa Dauphin ndi States General.

E. Marseille ngakhale adalowa mgwirizano ndi Kalem Komabe, ngati yotsirizira anadziwa chimene zotsatira za mgwirizano uwu, kuti kodi pa iwo unapita. Etienne kuwonjezera pa pangano ndi Kalem, anakonza chiwembu ndi Charles Zoipa (mu Ndiponsotu, mdaniyo, ndi English ang'onoang'ono mbuye). Carl Angry anaitana nkhani Guillaume, amene, ngakhale popanda kutenga kuonetsetsa Anagwiranso anthu ena, motsogozedwa ndi thandizo la Marseille, ndinapita ndekha kuganiza za mgwirizano Charles. Monga kuchitika, Calea anagwira yaitali kuzunzidwa ndipo pamapeto pake anaphedwa. Rise of kulinganiza popanda kwambiri kuchepa ndipo patatha miyezi yochepa anali chete konse. Zifukwa Jacquerie anali ofanana ndi m'mizinda yambiri ndi madera a ku Ulaya pa nthawi imeneyo, koma izo zinali mu France chiwembu anali ngati zambiri ndi zotsatira zake.

Zotsatira ndi tanthauzo la m'mbiri

Jacquerie anali kuletsedwa ndi mphamvu. Knights mulibe manyazi inunokha mu kuchitapo m'madera yogwira kugalukira anatenga chilango malo Dauphin ankatumikira chiwawa anachita ndi anthu wamba, kuphedwa kwa masabata angapo. Koma pa nthawi yomweyo sitingathe kunena kuti kugalukira zapita padera. Mphamvu kuti akhale pambuyo Jacquerie ankatengedwa ndi maganizo a anthu wamba ndi osauka a m'tawuni. Pambuyo yimitsira panayamba kusintha - zachuma, ndale komanso kusintha zokhudzana ndi nkhondo. Chifukwa, France mbakhatoma kuwina kupambana yaikulu pa Aisiraeli English, ndipo Charles V anatha kumasula pafupifupi magawo kwa adani.

Choncho, Jacquerie anapereka kutsogolera wamphamvu chitukuko mwatsatanetsatane za boma French.