Khodynka tsoka: kufotokoza, mbiri zimayambitsa, akuvutika ndi zotsatirapo

Mavuto amangogwa khodynka tsoka zinachitika May 18, 1896 kalembedwe akale. A anthucho anasonkhana kunja kwa mzinda wa Moscow kwa coronation wa Mfumu Nicholas II. The nyamazo anapha anthu oposa 1,300.

Madzulo a tsokalo

Mwa mwambo, chochitika monga coronation anali limodzi ndi chikondwerero misa. Komanso, zinthu izi sali m'gulu kuchuluka kwa mwambo boma. The coronation kwambiri a Nicholas Alexandrovich kwachitika May 14, kenako kudutsa dziko akuluakulu anakonza ndi mphatso holide anthu wamba. Icho ndi chomwe chinapangitsa khamu yaikulu. Mphekesera kuti Ice Palace adzakhala ngati kutaya mphatso edible, anapita mwamsanga kudutsa Moscow. Mu 1896 malo awa unali mzinda ndi mzinda. Munda anali lonse, choncho anaganiza kugwira mapwando pano. Komanso, zinakonzedwa kuti mfumu yekha pitani chochitika - kumvera konsati, amene anali kupereka oimba.

misa tulo

mapwando kuyamba pa 10 m'mawa. Koma ndi m'mawa pa malo anali okwana anthu pafupifupi hafu miliyoni. Khodynka tsoka anayamba pa nthawi imene pakati khamu la panali mphekesera mphatso kale anayamba kugawa pasadakhale, koma chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu, iwo zitikwanira konse.

Amachita anapatsidwa mu mwapadera kumangidwa pavilions matabwa. Ndi apa anathamanga anthu openga. Ogulitsa anayamba kuponya chakudya mu khamulo, kuti iye alibe kubwera pafupi kwa makola kuti mosavuta kugonjetsa. Komabe, izi anawonjezera okha chipwirikiticho. Anthu anayamba kumenyana mphatso. choyamba anaonekera wosweka. Kufalitsa mwamsanga mantha, kuti yekha kulimbikitsa zinthu.

anachita boma

Pa tsoka anauza mfumu ndi amalume ake Sergei Alexandrovich. Patangopita maola ochepa munda linayeretsedwa zizindikiro zonse za sewero posachedwapa. Khodynka tsoka sanasinthe zolinga za autocrat lapansi. Iye yoyamba kukaona makonsatiwo anakonza, ndiyeno anapita ku boma la Russia, kumene mpira unachitikira, omwe anali nawo onse Moscow apamwamba, komanso akazembe. Ena pafupifupi analangiza Nicholas kusiya maulendo kuvina kuti mwanjira ina kusonyeza chisoni chawo kwa akufa ndiwobvulazidwa. Komabe, iye sanasinthe maganizo ake. Mwina zinachitika chifukwa mfumu sanafune kukhumudwitsa kazembe French, amene adatenga pa mpirawo. Zonsezi chinalembedwa mu tsikulo ndi mfumu.

Sergei Witte (Mtumiki zachuma), amene analipo pa Ice Palace tsiku limenelo fateful, anasiya memoir, Iye acemera wowerenga maganizo ake pa zomwe zinachitika. Akuluakulu kukhulupirira kuti anthu pa Khodynka, zimayambitsa amene m'gulu bungwe osauka a chochitika moti anachita pa Mfumu, amene ankawoneka "wodwalika". Witte analemba kuti, mwina pa mfumu kufooketsedwa ndi amalume ake Sergei (Grand Duke), anamulangiza kuti zonse zikhale monga anafuna. Yekha mfumu, monga mtumiki, ndithudi anali kutchalitchi pa powonekera. Koma Nicholas wakhala kusiyana ndi kulephera kusankha zochita ndipo amadalira kwambiri pa achibale awo.

Komabe, 19 ndi 20 iye ndi mkazi wake ndi amalume anapita Moscow kuchipatala, komwe ovulala anali. mayi wa mfumu, Maria Feodorovna, anapereka ndalama zake zochepa zikwi amene anapita mankhwala. The zomwezo banja lachifumu. A okwana 90 zikwi rubles anali allocated. Mabanja a wakufayo apatsidwa penshoni munthu.

maliro

A nambala yaikulu mitembo sanathe kuzindikiridwa. matupi awa onse anakwiriridwa ndi manda Vagankovsky mu manda oikamo. Wazomangamanga Illarion Ivanov-Shits cholinga chipilala cha chikumbutso chake. Iye anapulumuka kwa masiku athu, komabe Tingaone pa za kumanda Vagankovsky.

Thupi, amene anatha kuzindikira achibale ake. Mfumu analamula kuonetsetsa ndalama mwambo wa maliro awo.

kufufuza

Udindo chochitikacho chinaperekedwa kwa apolisi a m'derali akhoza chikhalidwe osati wolemekezeka kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha linali lalikulu monga Khodynka. Kugona tulo wa anthu kwachititsa kuti yosiya Aleksandra Vlasovskogo. Analamula mabungwe yazamalamulo mu mzinda. Woyamba kudziteteza anati chikondwerero bungwe mpaka pamene khamu pa Khodynka May 18, 1896, mu ulaliki wa bwalo.

Akuluakulu a dongosolo la kutsimikizira Ofufuza kuti iwo sanali udindo kuti apolisi pa chochitika, koma kwenikweni anatsogolera kufalitsa mphatso. Werengerani Vorontsov-Dashkov, amene anali mtumiki wa bwalo, iye motsogozedwa iye pa nthawi ya Alexander III ndi Mfumu anali kwa latsopano angawauze chithunzi. Poikira kumbuyo anthu ake ku pomenyana oberpolitsmeystera Vlasov. Pa nthawi yomweyo Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich (poyamba komanso Moscow kazembe) anali woyang'anira wa mphamvu mzindawo lonse apolisi.

Mikanganoyi zakhudza asapita akuluakulu pamwamba, ndi kugawanika mu magulu awiri. theka imayendetsedwa ndi unduna wa bwalo, ena - apolisi. Ambiri anali undecided, osadziwa chimene mbali adzakhala mfumu yekha. Pomaliza, onse wofunitsitsa kukondweretsa mfumu. Nkomwe aliyense chidwi nsembe Khodynka 1896.

Nicholas II analamula kufufuza kwa Nduna ya Za Chilungamo Nikolay Muravyov. Iye anatenga ntchito mu zothandizira mipingo yawo ya Sergei Alexandrovich, kotero bwalo anaganiza zonse mlandu Chiwerengero Vorontsov-Dashkov. Koma ndiye interjected Maria Feodorovna (mayi wa mfumu). Makamaka chifukwa chikoka kufufuza ake anali kuikiza Constantine Pahlen (komanso nduna wakale wa Justice).

Iye anali wotchuka ndi mawu ake moti malo kumene asogolera atsogoleri chachikulu, nthawizonse chisokonezo. malo amenewa ndi wotsutsana naye ambiri Romanovs. Komabe, iye anali pansi pa tutelage wa Mfumukazi mayi. kufufuza wake wapanga wolakwa oberpolitsmeystera Vlasov.

Zimaonekera chikhalidwe

Lowopsya amakopeka Khodynka munda zinachititsa mantha dera lonse la Russia. chochitika choopsa kumanzere akuluakulu ambiri amene Mwachitsanzo SERGEY Vitte. Leo Tolstoy, anadabwa ndi zimene zinachitika, analemba yochepa nkhani "Khodynka" imene analanda chithunzi cha mantha amene anthu mkati nyamazo ndi. Limakhulupirira Gorky ntchito nkhani za mu buku lake "Moyo wa Klim Samghin."