Kodi kauntala-kusintha zikuchitika mu Russia

Mwana wachiwiri wa Alexander II anatenga mpando pambuyo pa imfa ya mchimwene wake. Iye sanakonzekere kulamulira, ngakhale, ulamuliro wake mu Russia zinali zodzaza ndi zinthu zambiri zimene anatenga zotsatira zotsutsana ndithu. Alexander III lisachitike ndi owolowa manja ndi demokalase zipambano za dziko. Inali nthawi Russia wake anaphunzira bwanji potsimikizira-zitani ndipo anavutika ndi zotsatirapo za boma ndiwofatsa.

Mapangidwe zikhulupiriro mfumu

maganizo Political a Alexander III inakhazikitsidwa pansi pa mphamvu ya wakewake ndipo awathandize bwinobwino K. Pobedonostsev. wandale ameneyu odious anatsutsa oyamba a Russian mtima wa azungu asintha European chikhalidwe. maboma Local ankaona zosafunika, khalidwe lawo - "akulankhula shopu", amene ayenera kuchotsa. anthu, kumvetsa Pobedonostsev ayenera wakuti bambo-mwayekha. Kufunika kukhala dera la Russian Ufumu autocracy awathandize bwinobwino mwayekha ankamuona ngati yekha mfundo zolondola, ndi kupatuka aliyense ku sukuluyi, malinga ndi iye, adzaononga boma agwera dziko mu chisokonezeko.

Mwina mfumu tsogolo sibwenzi ankakayikira ziphunzitso za Pobedonostsev, koma kupha wa bambo ake, Alexander Wachiwiri, anakankhira wolamulira autocratic kuganiza lomveka. Alexander III anaganiza kuti liberalization wa anthu Russian n'zosathekadi, ndi kusintha zinthu zina - ndi oopsa ndi kuyambitsa chisokonezo.

Njira andale a Alexander III

The mfundozo yaikulu ya Inde andale a Alexander III anali motere:

• Kulimbikitsa autocracy, kulimbitsa ndi ulamuliro pa mwambo wa kuti Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira, patsogolo mwayi kalasi mfulu.
• Kuchotsa mphamvu andale ndi owolowa manja.
• andale Russia anayamba kufunafuna mbali ya boma wapolisi. Kauntala-kusintha kwa Alexander III zinachititsa kuti zikamera wa Security dipatimenti. The Tsar a apolisi anaonera ndale nkhani maganizo, ankalamulira, ndipo ngati n'koyenera - ndi kupewa zochitika zokayikitsa popanda mlandu.

• Yogwira Russification wa mabusa dziko ndi madera kumene linalanda. Izi muyeso anali kuwononga kuyesa kubwezeretsa ufulu ndi abwino national dziko awo. Anapondereza lingaliro la dziko mabuku, chikhalidwe ndi luso - kanjedza dziko lomwelo anazindikira kuti potsimikizira-zitani ndipo kodi zotsatira zake.

Kusintha ndi atali-kusintha kwa Alexander III sizinamulepheretse kwa nthaŵi ndithu moyenera mzere mfundo yachilendo. Nkhani anaitana mtendere, popeza amakonda njira yamtendere mavuto a phukusi mwachindunji asilikali. Pa nthawi yomweyo mfumu ya Russia sanali kuchititsa ntchito ya usilikali ndipo sanalowe mapangano asilikali.

nthawi potsimikizira-kusintha

Kukana kuti kumayambiriro mfundo European mu Russian Ufumu zinachititsa kuti chilengedwe angapo a zochita za ndale, amayang'anira mfumu kumene. zaka 1880-1900 dzina lake mbiri yakale counterreforms nthawi mu dziko. Panthawi imeneyi, izo zimafika njira zambiri owolowa manja ndipo kusinthika. Russia anaphunzira bwanji potsimikizira-kusintha, ndipo anayamba kutsitsimutsa mfundo za Nicholas I.

Kodi kauntala-kusintha ndi mmene ikuchitika

Judicial akuluakulu potsimikizira-kusintha anapatsa mphamvu yaikulu kusankha kwa jurors. Bwanamkubwa anapatsa ufulu ndikutsutsa juror iliyonse popanda zifukwa. Komanso anayambitsa malire kwambiri katundu ndi zoyenera maphunziro kudziunika.

Kauntala-kusintha kwa Alexander III anakhudzanso m'dera wodzilamulira. Alimi zayamba chepetse chiwerengero cha nthumwi zake ku boma, ndi anthu otchuka cholowa, pa mwake, kuumba kuchuluka. circulars zina kusandutsa dongosolo visankho anawakonzera, chifukwa cha zomwe kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha anthu woyenera kuvota.

Zoletsa m'munda wa maphunziro ndi kusindikiza chowawa mwamphamvu kuti olekerera, amene adakali sanazindikire kuti potsimikizira-kusintha. Popeza cholinga kuteteza mtima maganizo owolowa manja anthu, mitsuko kwambiri Atengedwa kumangitsa kulamulira achinyamata ndi ana asukulu. maphunziro a pakanema akazi, yunivesite zambiri akumanidwa ufulu ndi kumasulika, kuchuluka chindapusa tuition ndi kasamalidwe pamwamba pa yunivesite yoikidwiratu pamwamba. Komanso, monga mwa zozungulira "Pa ana wophika ndi", makalasi m'munsi anali anthu akumanidwa ufulu maphunziro apamwamba.

Waukulu potsimikizira-kusintha, tebulo chomwe chili m'munsimu, zikufotokoza mbali zonse zikuluzikulu za ntchito ya mfumu pa njira yopita ku Dipatimenti ya apolisi autocratic.

Kauntala-kusintha kwa Alexander III. zotsatira

Chifukwa cha mfundo za m'banja Alexandra Mwamtendere anali olimba wachibale wa mkati moyo ndale za dziko. Koma chikhumbo cha ufulu ndi demokalase sanali kutha - izo kwenikweni linaphulika mu expanses wa Russia, anayamba kulamulira mwana wa Alexander III - Nicholas II.