Kodi mapiri a Cordillera? Cordillera Mountains: kufotokoza

Cordillera - mapiri, dongosolo yaikulu yomwe imaphimba malire kumadzulo kwa Africa la North America. Iwo kutambasula kwa 7 zikwi. Km. Cordillera - mapiri zosiyanasiyana kwambiri zinthu zachilengedwe. chiwerengero A mbali, iwo yodziwika, ndipo imalongosola apadera mwa machitidwe ena phiri la dziko.

General makhalidwe a Cordilleras

Kodi mapiri a Cordillera? Makamaka iwo kuwonjezera m'njira submeridional. Mkati malamba asanu orotektonicheskih a misinkhu yosiyanasiyana anapanga mapiri amenewa. Cordilleras ndi lopangidwa ndi chiwerengero chapadera cha okwera (2,5-3 zikwi. Mamita kapena zambiri pamwamba pa nyanja). Ali yogwira kuphulika kwa mapiri ndi mkulu seismicity. Kutalika kwa mapiri kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kum'mwera zinachititsa kuti pamaso pa kuchuluka kwa makulidwe a mabacteria altitudinal. Cordillera - mapiri, anapanga pamphambano pakati pa mbale lithospheric. The malire pakati pa iwo ndi pafupifupi chikugwirizana ndi mzere wa nyanza.

The zikuchokera kwa Cordilleras

The gawo lachitatu la kudera la Africa lonse ali ndi dongosolo phiri khola-chipika. Iwo ali m'lifupi 800-1600 Km. Mu zikuchokera zimapezekanso phiri zitunda zathyathyathya, m'maenje intermountain, zitunda ndi zitunda zathyathyathya mapiri mapiri. Young mapindikidwe, ntchito chiphala, ife akhala akukonza denudation ya Cordillera, amene anatsimikiza maonekedwe awo pano ndi kubisa zambiri nyumba za miyala kuti anaonekera kale. sakanikira kwambiri dongosolo phiri onse yopingasa ndi kotenga malangizo.

Zambiri za Kapangidwe ka Cordilleras

Asymmetrical pamwamba Kapangidwe ka Africa, kumene mapiri a Cordillera. Iwo amakhala kumadzulo, kum'mawa - mapiri otsika ndipo zigwa lalikulu. Kumadzulo lili pamalo okwera za 1,700 mamita, ndi kum'mawa - 200-300 mamita mamita 720 ndi kutalika pafupifupi m'dzikoli ..

Cordillera - mapiri, ndi mu kapangidwe kake angapo arcs phiri limenelo kuwonjezera zambiri mu malangizo ochokera kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa kum'mwera chakum'mawa. M'tauni ya Mackenzie, XP. Brooks, kum'mawa kwa miyala Mountains imakhala Arc. Likukulira lamba anapanga ku malo okwera mkati ndi yachonde ili kumadzulo kwa ranges izi. 1-2 zikwi. Mamita wa msinkhu wawo. Cordillera - mapiri, kuphatikizapo malo okwera zotsatirazi yachonde: Plateau Yukon, Columbia Plateau ndi Plateau a British Columbia, beseni Wamkulu, Colorado Plateau, malo okwera ndi yachonde chiphala wa Meseta chapakati (mkati gawo). Makamaka iwo alternating m'maenje, zitunda ndi lathyathyathya pamalo canteens.

Phiri lalitali

Cordillera wa dera la kumadzulo kwa dongosolo chinali zitunda apamwamba. Izi Aleutian osiyanasiyana, Ridge Aleutian Islands, Alaska osiyanasiyana. Last kufika msinkhu wa mamita 6193. Iwo McKinley tikuonera chithunzi pamwambapa ndi phiri lalitali. Cordillera - dongosolo, womwenso dera la kumadzulo ndi kugwa Mountains, M'mapiri Coast la Canada, Sierra Madre Occidental ndi Sierra Nevada, komanso yopingasa Ziphala Sierra pano ili phiri Orizaba (mamita 5,700), ndipo ena.

Kumadzulo, kutalika yafupika mwa iwo. Cordillera - mapiri, zomwe bwino mu gawo lathyathyathya m'dzikoli. Lake kumadzulo kapena kumalo (California, Puget Sound, Cook) kapena chigwa (chapakati Valley, Mtsinje Valley. Willamette). Izi Africa gombe anapanga zitunda St. Elias, Chugachskim, Kenai, Island Ridge Canada, ndi US Coast osiyanasiyana. Cordillera unyolo kum'mwera kwa mapiri a Mexico bifurcate. East anakana mmodzi wa iwo, n'kupanga zilumba za West Indies ndi sitima zapamadzi zitunda, ndiyeno apita ku Venezuela Andes. Theka lachiwiri ndi anakoka mwa Panama ndi Teuantepeksky makosi kuti Andes Colombia.

Ndi yosiyanasiyana mtunda wa mapiri?

Iwo amagwirizana ndi madera osiyanasiyana zaka dziko, komanso mbiri yawo chitukuko. Osati kamodzi unakhazikitsidwa mu maonekedwe kumtunda. Cordillera mapiri maonekedwe adanyamuka ndondomeko zosiyanasiyana, kudzachitika pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana pa dziko lapansi.

Pakuti Laurentian zomwe zili ndipo chinali amakezana nyumba za miyala, mtunda kusalaza pamwamba ndi khalidwe, mapangidwe yomwe inayamba kumayambiriro Paleozoic. Undulating pamwamba anachititsa zosiyanasiyana ano okwera kukana kuti denudation miyala ndi m'goli tectonic kuyenda. Kutsitsa mbali yaikulu ya gawo zinachititsa kuti pachikuto cha glaciation Quaternary, chifukwa cha zomwe anapanga cavities ano Hudson Bay. Komanso, imawalamulira panali pakhale madzi ndi glacial chitayiko moraine kuti anapanga mtundu mpumulo (mapiri moraine).

Great ndi chapakati Valley ndi a mtundu posungira. Mothandizidwa ndi njira denudation mu malo osiyana, malingana ndi maonekedwe a zosayembekezereka wa miyala zosiyanasiyana, anapanga cuesta zitunda (Wamkulu Lakes), analowa yachonde (Wamkulu m'Chigwa), Midlands ndi otsika kukokoloka (Ouachita, Ozark).

zovuta mtunda ndi Cordilleras okha. Band psinjika wa kutumphuka ndi anawoloka ndi zolephera zambiri, kuyambira pansi pa nyanja ndipo itha pa nthaka. Sanayambebe kumaliza njira orogenic. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi kuphulitsa mapiri (mwachitsanzo, Popocatepetl ndi Orizaba), komanso zivomezi zamphamvu zimene zimachitika kuno nthawi.

mchere

Monga mukudziwa, ambiri a mchere osiyana kulikonse kumene muli mapiri. Cordillera - yotero. Pali nkhokwe yaikulu zitsulo sanali akakhala ndi akakhala. Non-zachitsulo mafuta tingaone, limene lili mu mabeseni intermountain. Nkhokwe ya lignite ali m'dera miyala Mountain (chibowo wamumtima).

nyengo

Khalidwe nyengo adzapitiriza malongosoledwe a mapiri. Cordillera ikuyenda nyanja mpweya misa. Chifukwa cha ichi, chikoka pa nyanja ndi wofooka kwambiri malangizo kum'mawa. Izi Mbali nyengo ya Cordillera kumaonekera nthaka ndi zomera, chitukuko cha glaciation ano, n'kupita altitudinal. Ayala kumpoto kwa ranges kum'mwera phiri Mzimuyo kutentha kusiyana m'chilimwe ndi yozizira. M'nyengo yozizira iyo ranges ku -24 ° C (mu dera Alaska) kuti +24 ° C (Mexico, kum'mwera kwa dziko). M'chaka kutentha ukufika ku +4 kuti +20 ° C.

mvula

Mu kumpoto chakumadzulo kugwa mvula kwambiri. chakuti mbali imeneyi ya Cordillera ili mu njira ya mphepo kumadzulo kuwomba kuchokera Pacific Ocean. Mvula apa - za 3000 mm. Sakhala lonyowa M'madera a zitunda otentha, monga zikuluzikulu misa mpweya samafuna iwo. Low mvula Ikufotokozanso panopa ozizira loyenda gombe. Internal Cordillera okwera komanso si kwambiri wothira. Mapiri ili mkati zolimbitsa subarctic, subtropical ndi otentha mabacteria nyengo.

Mitsinje ndi nyanja ya Cordillera

A mbali yokulirapo ya mitsinje kumadzulo kwa Africa ali chiyambi chake ndendende mu Cordilleras. Makamaka chakudya ndi chisanu ndi ayezi pa chilimwe akubwera chigumula. mitsinje iyi phiri, wopupuluma. Yaikulu ya iwo - Colorado ndi Columbia. Glacial kapena chiyambi chiphala, ndi Cordillera nyanja. Pa zitunda zathyathyathya kumtunda saline ndi madzi ochepa. Iwo zotsala kalekale kukhalamo pano pa nyengo yamvula nyanja yaikulu.

masamba dziko

zomera yosiyanasiyana ya Cordillera. nkhalango Coniferous ndi maonekedwe wapadera ili mpaka 40 ° c. yakumadzulo. Mitundu zikuchokera, olemera kwambiri. Oil, paini, Oil, thuja (wofiira mkungudza) zikusonyeza oimira iwo. Msinkhu conifer mamita 80. Pakati pawo pafupifupi palibe m'tchire zake. Komabe, zosiyanasiyana zitsamba kukula pano wochuluka. Ambiri mu nthaka chivundikiro cha ndere ndi Mumapezekanso. Mu nkhalango coniferous pamene kusamukira kumwera ayamba kugwa shuga paini, woyera Oil, chikasu pine. Yobiriwira sequoia limapezeka kum'mwera zina. Monga dryness 42 ° kum'mwera. yakumadzulo., zitsamba m'malo nkhalango. Iwo mlombwa, Heather, ndi msinkhu wawo si kawirikawiri upambana mamita awiri. Pano mukhoza nthawi zina mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya thundu masamba obiriwira. Chinyezi nyengo m'madera a kumtunda kwa Cordillera amachepetsa. Pakuti iwo ndi khalidwe la nkhalango youma, komanso madera halophytic ndi sagebrush chipululu. Kulandira otsetsereka mvula ya mapiri kobvundikiridwa kutalika kwa 1200 nkhalango mamita yobiriwira.

Nyama zimene zimakhala mu mapiri a Cordillera

Kodi mapiri Cordillera ili, mungapeze bulauni grizzly chimbalangondo - chilombo lalikulu ndi ku North America. Kutengelana American wakuda chimbalangondo, ndi yaitali wakuda ubweya, amakhala kum'mwera kumadzulo kwa dzikoli. Iye adzawononga ng'ombe ndi kuwononga mbewu. Komanso, pali zambiri lynxes, nkhandwe ndi mimbulu. M'madera kum'mwera kwa mapiri Nthawi zambiri arthropods, abuluzi, njoka. Komanso, simukhala gila - yekha chiri buluzi legless. nyama zazikulu mu malo kumene anthu amakhala, kapena kuphedwa, kapena n'zochepa kwambiri. Njati ndi pronghorn (mphalapala kawirikawiri zikuchitika) ali opulumutsidwa okha ndi mphamvu mu North America ndondomeko. Only mu nkhokwe zingaoneke lero zinyama zambiri.