Kodi mpweya wochepa thupi? katundu ndi mfundo

Air kachulukidwe zimasiyanasiyana. Kodi ndi mpweya zochepa rarefied. Tiyeni tipeze tanthauzo mpweya wochepa thupi ndi zimene zimaonetsa zokopa.

The gaseous envelopu a Dziko Lapansi

Air - chosaoneka ndi maso, koma mbali yofunika kwambiri kwa dzikoli. Iwo kumatanthauza kagayidwe mphamvu, kukhalabe ntchito zonse zofunika pa zamoyo. Izo facilitates kulanda phokoso chindiletsa overcooling a Dziko Lapansi ndi kuteteza izo kuchokera kwambiri dzuwa cheza chikoka.

Air - ichi ndi chipolopolo kunja kwa dzikoli, wotchedwa m'mlengalenga. Amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya .. Neon, argon, wa hydrogen, methane, helium, krypton, etc. The kachigawo waukulu igwera mu mpweya ndi asafe, zomwe zimapanga kwa 98% mpaka 99% mpweya.

Chiŵerengero mpweya ndipo chiwerengero chawo zingasiyane. Choncho, chifukwa cha mpweya wa utsi wa magalimoto komanso mafakitale kuposa mpweya mzindawo ladzala ndi mpweya. Mu nkhalango, pansi, pamene palibe kupanga, kumaonjezera kuchuluka kwa mpweya. Koma chiwerengero odyetserako ziweto m'dera kuchuluka kwa methane, amene n'kopanda ng'ombe pa chimbudzi.

kachulukidwe wa mpweya

Pa osalimba a chipolopolo mpweya zimakhudza zinthu zambiri, mu madera osiyana a dziko, ndi pa okwera osiyana, ndi osiyana. Air ndi osalimba otsika - ndi mpweya wochepa thupi (kuchokera ku mawu a "yosowa"). Pasanathe ndi, m'pamenenso mamolekyulu ake anapatukana.

The kachulukidwe limasonyeza mmene mpweya mu mphamvu kiyubiki wina mita. Monga mtengo uwu muyezo wayikidwa kuti makilogalamu 1.293 pa mita kiyubiki m'mikhalidwe zachilendo ndipo mpweya youma.

Mu sayansi thupi, kusiyanitsa pakati pa kachulukidwe yeniyeni ndi misa. Specific Mzimuyo kulemera zingati mu mlengalenga mita kiyubiki wina. Izo zimatengera kumpoto ndi innertsii wa kasinthasintha wa lathuli. misa anatsimikiza zochokera zoipazi barometric, kutentha mtheradi ndi mndandanda mpweya zonse.

Malamulo waukulu chiyambi ndi mfundo za mpweya wochepa thupi akufotokozedwa ndi lamulo la Gay-Lussac ndi Boyle. Malinga ndi iwo, apamwamba kutentha ndi kuchepetsa vuto la kuthamanga, mpweya ali osowa. Pa nthawi yomweyo, n'kofunika ndi chinyezi: ndi osalimba ake kuwonjezeka amachepetsa.

Woonda mpweya ndi okwera

Mphamvu za anyamata a Dziko Lapansi, monga maginito, chimakopa kupezeka kwa thupi lake kwa iye. Kotero ife tipite, m'malo mosintha zikuuluka m'mlengalenga. Choncho, mamolekyulu zakuthupi ati dzina lalikulu pansi, kutanthauza kuti kachulukidwe ake ndi kuthamanga komanso apamwamba padziko lapansi. Kutali kwa izo, kotero Chiwerengerochi asapatsiridwe.

Kodi inu munazindikira kuti ndi kuwuka kwa okwera mkulu, monga m'mapiri, kupuma amakhala ankawonjezereka? Onse chifukwa chakuti pali mpweya rarefied. Popeza kutalika okwana zili mpweya lita imodzi ya kwayamba ang'onoang'ono. Iye sakunena kukhutitsa magazi bwino, ndipo tingalephere kupuma.

Kutalika kwa phiri la Everest - mamita 8488. Pamwamba pa mpweya kachulukidwe ndi mmodzi mwa atatu kachulukidwe muyezo pa nyanja. Zindikirani kusintha munthu akhoza kale pamalo okwera mamita 1,500 kuti 2,500. kusintha patsogolo mu kachulukidwe ndi kuthamanga ndi womasuka bwinobwino, ndi kale akuimira angathe chiopsezo thanzi.

Kwambiri khalidwe la akatulutsidwa mpweya exosphere - wosanjikiza akunja a m'mlengalenga. Umayamba kwa msinkhu wa 500-1000 kuchokera pamwamba pa dziko lapansi. Iye pang'onopang'ono inasanduka malo lotseguka, pamene danga ili pafupi boma yosesa. Anzanu ndi osalimba wa mpweya danga ndi otsika.

Ndege ndi mpweya rarefied

Kuyambira osalimba mpweya zimadalira kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, amati "denga" chifukwa kuwuka kwa padziko lapansi. Pakuti mwamuna ndi mamita zikwi khumi. Koma kukwera mmwamba kwambiri, muyenera kukonzekera yaitali.

Mu aircrafts alinso ndi malire ake. Mu Helicopters ndi za 6000 meters. Kuli kuposa ndegeyo. mbali zonse anafotokoza ntchito yomanga ndi ntchito imeneyi "mbalame".

Nyamulani ndege afika mwa zomangira. Sapota, kulekanitsa mpweya mitundu iwiri: pamwamba pawo ndi pansi pawo. Pamwamba pa mlengalenga ikuyenda motsogozedwa zomangira, ndi pansi - ndi. Choncho, kachulukidwe mu phiko la zida amakhala lalikulu kuposa pamwamba. Ndege ngati zochokera mlengalenga pansi palokha, ndipo amachotsa.

mpweya wochepa thupi Sangathe kulenga kuthamanga ankafuna. Izi zikachitika pamafunika kuonjezera kwambiri injini mphamvu ndi liwiro la zomangira zimene sangaime zipangizo okha. Monga ulamuliro, Helicopters kuuluka mpweya lolemererapo pamalo okwera mamita 3-4 zikwi. Kamodzi kokha woyendetsa Zhan Bule aphata galimoto yake pa 12 500 meters Komabe, injini zinagwira moto.