Kodi mtundu wa jellyfish ndi wotani? Mitundu yambiri ya nsomba za m'nyanja ndi madzi amchere

Jellyfish ndi mitundu yofala kwambiri komanso yodabwitsa kwambiri ya zamoyo zomwe zili m'nyanja ndi m'nyanja. Iwo amakhoza kuyamikira kosatha. Ndi mitundu yanji ya odyetserako odyera, komwe amakhala, momwe amawonekera, amawerengedwa m'nkhaniyi.

Zambiri zokhudza kayendedwe kake

Amagwirizana ndi olamulira okhaokha ndipo ali mbali ya moyo wawo, womwe uli ndi magawo awiri: zokhudzana ndi kugonana komanso kugonana. Anthu akuluakulu odyera nsomba ndi osowa kwambiri, ndipo kubereka kwawo kumawoneka ngati kugonana. Udindo wa mwamuna ndikutaya zogonana mumadzi, zomwe zimatha kugwa m'ziwalo zazimayi kapena kubatizidwa mwachindunji m'madzi. Zimadalira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya jellyfish. Kuwoneka mphutsi amatchedwa planulas.

Amatha kusonyeza phototaxis, ndiko kuti, amasunthira ku gwero la kuwala. Mwachiwonekere, amafunika kukhala mumadzi kwa kanthawi, osati kuti agwe pansi pomwepo. Moyo wosasunthika wa mapulaneti sukhalitsa kwa nthawi yaitali, pafupifupi sabata. Pambuyo pake, amayamba kukhazikika pansi, pomwe amasonkhana ku gawo lapansi. Apa iwo amasandulika kukhala polyp kapena scytheist, omwe kubala kwake kumawoneka ndi kuphulika.

Izi zimatchedwa kubaxual reproduction, yomwe ikhoza kuchitidwa mpaka kalekale, mpaka pakhale mkhalidwe wokondweretsa kupanga jellyfish. Pang'onopang'ono, thupi la mapuloteni limakhala ndi zovuta zowonongeka, ndiye njira yowonjezera ndi kupanga kapangidwe kakang'ono ka jellyfish ester imapezeka.

Iwo ali ambiri a plankton. Pambuyo pake amakula ndikukhala akuluakulu a jellyfish. Choncho, chifukwa cha kubereka kwa asexual - budding, kutentha kwa madzi kungakhale kotsika. Koma, pokhala ndi vuto linalake la kutentha, kanyama kakang'ono ka dioecious amapangidwa.

Nkhalango yamadzi yofiira

Ma coelenterates akuphatikizapo osakwatiwa kapena amodzi okhala m'madzi. Pafupifupi onsewa ndi nyama zodya nyama. Chakudya chawo ndi plankton, mphutsi ndi nsomba mwachangu. Mitundu ya m'mimba ya jellyfish ili ndi mitundu khumi. Amagawidwa m'masukulu: hydroids, scyphoid ndi coral polyps. Maphunziro awiri oyambirira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhala magulu a jellyfish.

Hydroid coelenterate jellyfish ndizoimira nthumwi zamadzi ozizira. Malo a malo awo okhala ndi nyanja, mathithi ndi mitsinje. Thupi liri ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira ndipo lokha limamangirizidwa ku gawo lapansi. Mapeto osiyana ndi ovala mkamwa ndi zitsulo kuzungulira. Feteleza amapezeka mkati mwa thupi. Ngati hydra imadulidwa mzidutswa zambiri kapena kutembenuzidwira kumbali inayo, idzapitiriza kukula ndi kukhala ndi moyo. Kutalika kwa thupi lake ndi lobiriwira kapena lofiirira, kufika pa mamita imodzi. Hydra sakhala moyo wautali, chaka chimodzi chokha.

Scyphoid jellyfish

Iwo ali omasuka-mozungulira ndipo ali ndi kukula kwakukulu. Ukulu wa mitundu ina ndi mamilimita ochepa okha, ndipo ena - awiri kapena atatu mamita. Chitsanzo ndi cyanine. Zingwe zake zimatha kutalika mamita makumi awiri m'litali. Mapuloteniwo sakula bwino kapena palibe. Matumbo a m'mimba amagawaniza magawowo m'zipinda.

Scythian jellyfish imatha kukhala miyezi ingapo. Mitundu pafupifupi mazana awiri okhalamo ndi madzi otentha ndi otentha a World Ocean. Pali nsomba yofiira imene anthu amadya. Awa ndiwo coroners ndi aurelias, mchere wawo. Mitundu yambiri ya scythoid jellyfish imayambitsa kupsa ndi kuphulika kwa thupi, ngati muwakhudza. Mwachitsanzo, chirodrofus imayambitsa ngakhale kupha kwa anthu.

Medusa Aurelia amatha

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya jellyfish. Chithunzi cha mmodzi wa iwo chikufotokozedwa. Aurelius wotchedwa scyphoid odyiskritsiwa amatsekedwa. Kupuma kwake kumapangidwa ndi thupi lonse lotsegula ndi gelatinous, momwe muli maso makumi awiri ndi anayi. Pamalo onse a thupi pali zovuta zowonongeka - zozizwitsa. Amazindikira zofuna za chilengedwe. Ikhoza kukhala yowala.

Jellyfish imadya chakudya ndikuchotseratu ziwalo zake ndi kutsegula pakamwa, komwe kuli ndizinthu zinayi zamlomo. Iwo ali ndi maselo opweteka okhala ndi mankhwala otentha omwe amatumikira monga jellyfish chitetezo ndipo amathandiza kupeza chakudya. Aurelia samasinthidwa kuti akhale ndi moyo pa nthaka, chifukwa imakhala ndi madzi.

Medusa Cornerot

Amatchedwa "Umbrella". Malo okhala m'nyanja yotchedwa jellyfish ndi Nyanja Yofiira, Azov ndi Baltic. Chimake chimakhala ndi kukongola kwake. Thupi la jellyfish limakhala lopangidwa ndi mtundu wa buluu kapena wofiirira, wofanana ndi nyali yamoto kapena ambulera. Chidziwikire chake ndi chakuti nthawi zambiri zimayandama pambali pake ndipo alibe pakamwa. Mmalo mwake pa masambawo amwazikana mabowo ang'onoang'ono m'mimba mwake, momwe amadyetsera. Cornerot amakhala ndi kuchulukira m'mphepete mwa madzi pa kuya kwakukulu. Ngati mwadzidzidzi mutha kukhudzana ndi jellyfish, mukhoza kutentha.

Malo osadziwika

Asayansi ochokera ku Israeli atsimikizira kuti nsomba zamadzi ozizira zimapezeka pamtunda wa Golan m'madzi. Iwo anawoneka koyamba ndi ana. Ndiye zitsanzo zina zinaikidwa mu botolo ndi kuperekedwa kwa Pulofesa Gofen. Ankawaphunzira mosamala mu laboratori. Zinaoneka kuti iyi ndi koloni ya m'deralo mwa imodzi mwa madzi osungirako madzi otentha, omwe mu 1880 anafotokozedwa ku England. Kenaka nsombazi zinapezeka mu beseni ndi zomera zam'madzi. Malinga ndi pulofesa, pakamwa pa jellyfish ili ndi maselo ambirimbiri opweteka, omwe amapeza zamoyo zam'mlengalenga. Kwa anthu, nsombazi sizingakhale zoopsa.

Jellyfish madzi abwino

Okhazikikawa amakhala m'madzi a nyanja ndi nyanja. Koma, pali chinthu chimodzi chokha, chomwe chimatchedwa madzi a m'nyanja a Amazonian. Malo ake okhala ndi South America, ndiwo beseni ya mtsinje waukulu pamtunda - Amazon. Choncho dzina. Masiku ano mitundu iyi yafalikira paliponse, mwangozi, panthawi ya nsomba zochokera m'nyanja ndi m'nyanja. Jellyfish ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, yokhala ndi masentimita awiri okha. Panopa mumakhala madzi ozizira, otukuka komanso otukuka, madamu, ngalande. Zakudya ndi zooplankton.

Nsomba yaikulu kwambiri

Ndi cyanide kapena mane. Mu chilengedwe, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya jellyfish, koma iyi ndi yapadera. Pambuyo pake, izo zinafotokozedwa ndi Conan Doyle m'nkhani yake. Iyi ndi nsomba yaikulu kwambiri, yomwe ambulera yomwe imakhala yozungulira imafika mamita awiri, ndipo nsalu - makumi awiri. Iwo amawoneka ngati mpira wofiira wa mtundu wofiira wofiira.

Pachigawo chapakati ambulera ndi yachikasu, ndipo m'mphepete mwake muli mdima wofiira. Gawo lomunsi la dome liri ndi pakamwa pakatsegulira kumene kuli masamba khumi ndi asanu. Amakhala pansi, akufanana ndi makatani. Cyanide imayenda pang'onopang'ono, makamaka pamwamba pa madzi. Ndiwodya nyama zowonongeka, amadyetsa zamoyo zam'madzi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Malowa ndi madzi ozizira. Ndizofala, koma sizoopsa. Zotsatira zotentha siziwatsogolera ku imfa, koma zimayambitsa kupweteka kowawa.

Jellyfish «Lilac akugunda»

Mitundu imeneyi ili paliponse m'nyanja ya padziko lapansi yomwe imakhala ndi madzi ofunda komanso otentha: imapezeka m'nyanja ya Mediterranean ndi Kara, nyanja ya Atlantic ndi Pacific. Mitundu ya jellyfish imakhala kutali kwambiri ndi gombe. Koma nthawi zina amatha kupanga zoweta m'madzi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndipo m'madera ambiri mumapezeka mabomba. Jellyfish sikuti imangokhala mtundu umodzi. Iwo ndi golide wachikasu kapena wachikasu-bulauni, malingana ndi malo.

Jellyfish Compass

Mitundu iyi ya malo odyetsera malo awo amakhala malo osankhira m'mphepete mwa Nyanja ya Mediterranean ndi m'madzi ena - Atlantic. Amakhala pafupi ndi gombe la Turkey ndi United Kingdom. Izi ndi zazikulu zokwanira kuti nsomba zazing'onozing'ono zisafe. Iwo ali ndi zipilala makumi awiri mphambu zinayi, zomwe zimakonzedwa m'magulu atatu mwa aliyense. Maonekedwe a thupi ndi oyera achikasu ndi tinge wofiira, ndipo mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi belu lasale, lomwe limatanthauzira lobe makumi atatu ndi awiri, omwe ali ofiirira pamphepete.

Kumtunda kwa belu kuli ndi miyendo khumi ndi iwiri yofiirira ya V. Gawo la pansi la belu ndilo malo oyamba kutsegula, ozunguliridwa ndi zikhomo mu chiwerengero cha zidutswa zinayi. Nsombazi ndizoopsa. Chifuwa chawo chili ndi katundu wambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri chimayambitsa mapangidwe, omwe ndi opweteka kwambiri komanso amatha kuchiritsa.