Kodi savannah ndipo ali kuti? Savannah America South

Mwatsoka, anthu ambiri kudziwa zimene m'tchire ndi komwe iwo ali. Shrouds - malo achilengedwe amene amapezeka makamaka kotentha ndi mayiko. Mbali yofunika kwambiri ya gulu ili ndi yonyowa nyengo nyengo ndi kusintha kutchulidwa chilala nyengo ndi mvula. Mbali Izi zimachititsa mungoli nyengo ya kusintha kwa zinthu zachilengedwe pano. zone chimenechi yodziwika ndi nthaka ferralitic ndi zomera herbaceous ndi mitengo anamwazikana mu magulu.

kutanthauzira savannah

Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane zimene savannah ndi komwe iwo ali. Dera lalikulu ndi savannah mu Africa, zimatenga 40% ya m'dera la Africa izi. Dera malo achilengedwe ang'onoang'ono zili America South (mapiri ku Brazil, kumene amatchedwa Campos, mu Orinoco Mtsinje chigwa - llanos), kum'mawa ndi kumpoto Asia (Indochina Peninsula, Deccan Plateau, m'mayiko a Gangsaya mbalambanda), komanso mu Australia .

nyengo

Pakuti Savannah yodziwika yamvula malonda mphepo makope misa mpweya. M'chaka mu zigawo izi chimakhala chogwidwa ndi mpweya youma otentha, ndiponso m'nyengo yozizira - chonyowa yamphamvu. The kutali lamba kunyanja, m'pamenenso pali kuchepetsa wa mvula (kwa miyezi 8-9 kwa 2-3 m'malire kunja kwa woyendera nthambi). Mbali imodzi, ndipo amachepetsa chiwerengero cha mvula pachaka (za 2000 mamilimita kwa 250 mm). Pakuti Savannah komanso yodziwika ndi kusinthasintha yaing'ono kutentha malingana ndi nyengo (ku 15C ku 32C). Daily matalikidwe akhoza kukhala enieni mpaka madigiri 25. Chotero mbali nyengo analenga chilengedwe wapadera savannah lapansi.

nthaka

Ntaka mu dera amadalira kutalika kwa nthawi ya mvula ndi osiyana kutsuka boma. Pafupi ndi nkhalango kunyanja, m'madera mvula kumatenga za 8 miyezi, anapanga nthaka ferralitic. Kumadera kumene nyengo ndi miyezi yosakwana 6, mukhoza kuona dothi red-bulauni. Pa malire ndi dothi wosabereka semideserts ndi akupanga wosanjikiza zonyalazo humus.

Savannah America South

Mu okwera Brazil mabacteria izi zili makamaka mbali zam'mimba. Iwo amatanganidwa m'dera Orinoco otsika ndi Guiana okwera. Mu Brazil, pali mmene savannah ndi dothi wofiira ferrallitic. Herbaceous zomera zone makamaka tichipeza mabanja a nyemba, udzu, ndi Compositae. Zake zomera mitundu kapena sangapezeke kapena zimachitika mu mawonekedwe a mitundu ina ya Mimosa ndi korona zontikopodobnoy, milkweed, succulents, cacti ndi mtengo xerophytes.

Mu kumpoto chakumadzulo mbali yaikulu ya dera wotanganidwa ndi Brazil okwera Caatinga (ochepa nkhalango za zitsamba chilala zosagwira ndi mitengo pa dothi ndi red-bulauni). Nthambi makungwa a mitengo Caatinga nthawi zambiri TACHIMATA ndi zomera epiphytic ndi mphesa. Komanso, pali mitundu ina ya kanjedza.

Udzu wa America South Komanso ili mu zigawo louma la Gran Chaco mu dothi red-bulauni. Pano, pali nkhalango ochepa ndi m'nkhalango ya zitsamba zaminga. Nkhalango likugwiritsidwanso Algarrobo - Mimosa mtengo wa banja, amene ali mwala yokhota kumapeto ndipo kwambiri nthambi kufalitsa korona. Low matabwa tiers ndi tchire kuti kupanga ziyangoyango moti.

Mwa nyama zopezeka mu savannah armadillo, ocelot, pampassky nswala magellanskaya mphaka, Beaver, mphaka Pampa, rheas ndi ena. Rodent pano amakhala tuco-tuco ndi viskach. M'madera ambiri a m'tchire amadwala miliri ya dzombe. Palinso kwambiri njoka ndi buluzi. Chinthu china khalidwe la malo a - ambiri n'chodabwitsa nimu.

savannah African

Tsopano, owerenga onse mwina ankadzifunsa kuti: "Kodi ndi m'tchire mu Africa" Yankho, pa wakuda Africa, dera lino pafupifupi akuthamanga limodzi mizere ya m'dera la M'nkhalango zikuluzikulu. Zoni malire a nkhalango ndi dilutes pang'onopang'ono kukhala osauka. Pakati pa woodland savannah mawanga zidzachitika. Otentha nkhalango lonyowa pang'onopang'ono sachoka zigwa za mitsinje ndi watersheds mu deralo, m'malo mwa nkhalango, mitengo yomwe kukhetsa masamba awo pa youma kapena m'tchire. Iwo ankanena kuti wamtali udzu otentha anayamba kupanga chifukwa zochita za anthu, monga kutenthedwa pa nyengo youma zomera zonse.

Kumadera ndi yochepa yonyowa nyengo udzu chivundikiro umakhala ochepa ndi kungokhala pamodzimodzi. Mitundu mtengo m'derali, pali zosiyanasiyana mthethe ndi korona mosabisa. malo amenewa amatchedwa udzu gwaa kapena lililonse. Mu madera wautali mvula kukula m'nkhalango zitsamba zaminga ndi udzu ouma. magulu amatchedwa masamba chipululu udzu, iwo apanga Mzere waung'ono kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi.

udzu World African limaoneka ndi ziŵeto zoterozo: mbidzi, akadyamsonga antelopes, rhinos, njovu, akambuku, afisi, mikango ndi ena.

Savannah Australia

Tipitirize mutu wathu wa "Kodi savannah ndi komwe iwo ali" anasamukira ku Australia. Apa, m'dera zachilengedwezi zimagwiritsa kumpoto madigiri 20 kum'mwera kumpoto. Kum'mawa anaika m'tchire lililonse (komanso amapezeka pachilumbachi kum'mwera kwa New Guinea). M'nyengo yamvula, dera aphimbidwa ndi wokongola zomera maluwa: banja maluwa, buttercup, kakombo ndi dzinthu zosiyanasiyana. Khalidwe mitengo - mthethe, bulugamu, casuarinas. Kodi mitengo wamba ndi mitengo ikuluikulu wandiweyani, pamene anasonkhanitsa kotunga madzi. Iwo, makamaka, akupereka otchedwa mitengo botolo. Ndi pamaso pa zomera wapadera zimandipangitsa m'tchire Australia pang'ono mosiyana savannah, kuti ili m'mayiko ena.

zone Izi pamodzi nkhalango ochepa, amene ankaimira ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bulugamu. Bulugamu mitengo zatenga mbali yaikulu ya kugombe la kumpoto kwa dziko ndi zambiri Cape York chilumba. Mu savannah la Australia mungapeze marsupials ambiri, makoswe: ndi Mole makoswe, mbewa, anteater. Tchire amakhala ndi mamba. Kudera, mukhoza kuona emu, zosiyanasiyana abuluzi ndi njoka.

Udindo wa savannah kwa munthu

Tikapeza mwatsatanetsatane zimene savannah ndipo pamene iwo ali, izo ziyenera kuti m'madera zachilengedwe mbali yofunika kwambiri kwa anthu. kudera mwakula mtedza ndi mbewu, jute, thonje, nzimbe. M'madera ouma m'malo anayamba ulimi nyama. Komanso Dziwani kuti mitundu ina ya mitengo kumera m'chigawo amaonedwa kukhala lofunika kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, teak).

Ngakhale apamwamba mtengo, munthuyo, mwatsoka, akupitiriza mwadongosolo kuwononga savannah. Mwachitsanzo, mu America South chifukwa cha minda moto anapha mitengo yambiri. m'madera ambiri a savannah nthawi ndi anachotsa nkhalango. Posachedwapa, mu Australia ziweto msipu chaka kukonza za 4.800 mamita lalikulu. Km nkhalango. Tsopano zinthu zimenezi ndi inaimitsidwa. Zimawononga zimakhudzanso topezeka a savannah ndi mitengo yambiri zosowa (Nile mthethe, landata svodchaya, peyala, etc.).

kusintha kwa nyengo kungachititse kuti kusintha mu ntchito ndi kapangidwe ka savannah lapansi. Chifukwa cha kusintha kwanyengo zowawa zomera zake. Ndikufuna kukhulupirira kuti anthu adakali ayamba posachedwapa kuteteza chilengedwe.