Nyanja Ladoga: kufotokoza, kuya, zimachititsa chilumbachi, nsomba

Nyanja Ladoga - mmodzi wa waukulu matupi madzi mu Europe. M'nkhani ino tikufuna kulankhula za ali Nyanja Ladoga, chikhalidwe ndi nyengo ya gombe lake. Iwo ali mbali zokwanira chidwi. Nature kuno makamaka wokongola.

Location Nyanja malo

Ali Nyanja Ladoga? Gawo la izo lili Karelia (kum'mawa ndi nyanja kumpoto) ndi kudera Leningrad (kumpoto, kum'mwera chakum'mawa, kumwera chakumadzulo). Pa m'mphepete mwake mizinda ngati New Ladoga, Priozersk, Shlisselburg, Sortavala, Lahdenpohja Pitkyaranta.

Ladoga nyanjayi ili pa mapu nthawi yomweyo ndipo m'dera Leningrad ndi Karelia. Ndi lalikulu ndithu. Komanso, pali zilumba. Nyanja Ladoga m'dera ndi makilomita lalikulu 17,9, kupatulapo m'madera chilumba. Iwo umachokera ku kumpoto chakum'mwera pa makilomita mazana awiri naintini. ogona ake lonse la wamtunda wokwana milingo zana limodzi makumi asanu ndi atatu. Gwirizanani kukula chidwi. Malinga ndi magawo awa, mukhoza amanena zomwe dera Nyanja Ladoga.

Kuya kwa dziwe m'chigawo cha kumpoto ranges kuchokera makumi asanu ndi mamita mazana awiri ndi makumi atatu, ndi kum'mwera mamita makumi awiri kuti makumi asanu ndi awiri. Monga mukuonera, kuya kwa nyanja ya Ladoga ndi sakanikira kwambiri, ndi zofunika kwambiri ndi dera la kumpoto cha posungira. A buku la misa madzi ndi inayi kapena isanu kiyubiki mamita.

Mitsinje ndi zilumba za pa Nyanja Ladoga

Dziwe imaphwera mitsinje sate-faifi. Koma zimatenga kuyambira chiyambi cha munthu chabe - Neva. Pa gombe kum'mwera kwa nyanja pali kumalo zitatu zazikulu: Volkhov, Svir ndi Schliesselburg mlomo.

Mtsinje waukulu kupita mu Nyanja Ladoga - Svir. Amabweretsa madzi a Nyanja Onega. Ngakhale mitsinje mosungiramo otaya monga Avloga, Maurier, Mafunde, Ayrayoki, Vidlitsa, Obzhanka, Sjas, Olonka ndi ena.

Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti Ladoga Nyanja madzi si nthawi zonse. Iye nthawi zonse mosinthasintha, ndipo chidwi ndinawona mu magulu woyera pa miyala, kusiya madzi.

Zilumba za pa Nyanja Ladoga ndi mokwanira ambiri. Pali za 660. malo awo okwana ndicho mazana anayi makumi asanu makilomita lalikulu. Izo ziyenera kuti zilumba zoposa mazana asanu lili kumpoto posungira. Ichi ndi malo miyala.

Zilumba yaikulu:

1. Riekkalansari - 55,3 Km. sq.
2. Mantsinsaari Island - 39,4 Km. sq.
3. Kilpola - 32,1 Km. sq.
4. Tulolansari - 30,3 Km. sq.
5. Baala - 27,8 Km. sq.

The odziwika bwino kwambiri pa nyanja ndi Valaam chilumba. Iwo ali ndi zilumba za zilumba makumi asanu ndi malo okwana pafupifupi zaka sate-sikisi makilomita lalikulu. Iwo anatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha Valaam obisika, yomwe ili pa chisumbu chachikulu, ndi za kubadwa kwa Yesu mwa amayi ya agulupa pachilumba Konevets.

Nkhani ya nyanza

Nyanja Ladoga ali oyenerera mu beseni, amene ali glacial chiyambi tectonic. zaka mazana atatu kapena anayi miliyoni zapitazo, dera lonse la nyanja ndi beseni chake aphimbidwa mwa nyanja.

Thandizo ano chinapangidwa ndi ntchito glacier. Chinthu chachikulu chinali kusintha pa nyanja, panali nyamuka m'dziko. Pambuyo pa glacier kuphwera anapanga Baltic madzi oyera glacial nyanja. Patatha mosungiramo madzi anachoka pa dera la Switzerland ano. Ndipo anapanga Yoldia Sea.

Asanu ndi theka zikwi zapitazo chifukwa cha dziko kuchira anaonekera Ancylus Lake. Karelian kamtunda kopita ku chilumba, izo chikugwirizana ndi khwalala ku Nyanja Ladoga. Koma eyiti ndi zikwi theka zaka zapitazo, unapangitsa njira tectonic Ndatsegula pamavuto Chidanishi, ndipo anapanga Littorina Sea. Zimenezi, zinachititsa kuti zikamera wa Karelian kamtunda kopita ku chilumba, ndi zoona, mapangidwe Ladoga nyanja. Pazaka zaka ziwiri ndi zikwi theka la mpumulo mu malo awa sanasinthe.

Mbali kumpoto kwa nyanjayi ili pa Baltic Chikopa, kum'mwera - pa East nsanja European. Ndi pa mphambano za pamalo awa pali kuya pazipita Nyanja Ladoga.

nyengo

Nyanja Ladoga ali kuzizira kuti apange kusintha kwa nyanja amtengo kotentha chokhala. zinthu izi nyengo anafotokoza zapamwamba. Udindo Hrs nyanja ya Ladoga ndi kufalitsa mumlengalenga a m'dera zinachititsa kuti mikhalidwe.

Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti malo awa ndi masiku ambiri a dzuwa chaka. Ndipo choncho, kuchuluka kwa dzuwa kulowa pansi si chachikulu kwambiri. Choncho chinyezi ukuphwera pang'onopang'ono. Kwa miyezi 12 pangakhale zochepa monga sikisite masiku awiri dzuwa. Kwambiri pachaka m'dera lino chimakhala chogwidwa ndi masiku ndi overcast nyengo mitambo, zomwe zinachititsa kuyatsa.

Zosangalatsa on Lake Ladoga bwino dongosolo la nthawi kuchokera tsiku makumi awiri ndi lachisanu la May pa July 17, ndiye apa mungathe penyani usiku dzuwa. Masiku awa, dzuwa konse akutsikira m'munsimu m'chizimezime, m'mawa ndi madzulo madzulo ophatikizidwa mu amodzi umodzi. Ambiri, pakati pa usiku dzuwa kumatenga za makumi asanu.

Tikumbukenso kuti Nyanja Ladoga nayenso ali ndi mbali yaikulu pa nyengo m'deralo, kwambiri makhalidwe kusalaza. Chaka chonse apa chimakhala chogwidwa ndi mphepo kum'mwera kumadzulo ndi kumadzulo. Chete ndi bata nyengo chosowa kwambiri. Nthawi zina mphepo yamkuntho ndi zizindikiro.

Pa gombe pali mphepo mu masiku m'chilimwe ndi usiku. Iwo amayamba pafupifupi zisanu ndi zinayi m'mawa ndi kupitiriza mpaka eyiti madzulo. Mphepo kudutsa kumtunda makilomita khumi. Fogs ali anaona kaŵirikaŵiri m'chaka yoyambirira ndi chilimwe.

Gombe la nyanja

Gombe la nyanja ya Ladoga ndi zoposa zikwi makilomita. Kugombe kumpoto - thanthwe wolimba, kupanga peninsulas ambiri ndi Magombe yopapatiza ndi zilumba zazing'ono, wosiyana ndi Straits.

South gombe ndi otsika. Ndi zochepa indented ndipo nthawi zambiri kutenthetsa madzi pang'ono. Kugombe kwathunthu miyala am'nyanja mabanki ndi shoals. Volkhov, Svir ndi Schliesselburg milomo - ndi Magombe waukulu wa Nyanja Ladoga.

kugombe kum'mawa kwenikweni indented. Pali awiri Bay: Uksunlahti ndi Lunkulanlahti. Mu gawo ili pali magombe lonse la mchenga chabwino.

Western gombe la posungira ngakhale zochepa indented. Zonse ndi nkhumba wandiweyani nkhalango wosanganiza ndi zitsamba, amene kwambiri atazunguliridwa ndi madzi. pagombe ndi chosaneneka boulders placers. Stone lokwera nthawizina kutali Cape a kumtunda nyanja, potero kupanga shoals oopsa.

Thandizo la pansi nyanja

Monga ife tanenera kale, thandizo la pansi nyanja, ndipo sanali yunifolomu akuya kuwonjezeka akuoneka kuchokera kum'mwera mpaka kumpoto. Tikhoza kunena kuti akuya pafupifupi wa posungira ndi za makumi asanu mamita, ndi apamwamba - mazana awiri sate-firii mita (cha kumpoto kwa chilumba cha Valaam). Nyanja Ladoga kumpoto ali pansi kwambiri m'goli. Iwo kwathunthu yatcheredwa zigwa. Ndipo mu malo a kum'mwera kwa pansi pa see, zambiri ngakhale. Nyanja Ladoga ali pamalo chitatu la kuya m'nyanja Russia.

nyanja madzi momveka ali osiyana mu mabanki osiyana. Mitengo wotsikitsitsa ali anaona chake Gulf Volkhov Mlomo, ndi apamwamba - kumadzulo kwa chilumba cha Valaam.

Pa madzi amphamvu mkuntho ku nyanza, kunena, zithupsa ndi zilonda, ndi zophimbidwa ndi thovu.

Ice akhoza ataphimbidwa yekha chigawo chapakati cha posungira, ndipo okha m'nyengo yozizira kwambiri. Yaitali ozizira nthawi kumabweretsa madzi amphamvu kuzirala, kotero madzi m'nyanja ndi kuzizira ngakhale chilimwe. Iye akhoza konzekera okha wosanjikiza woonda chapamwamba, ndi yopapatiza m'mphepete mwa nyanja Mzere. Kutentha pazipita madzi pamwamba mu August, pamene ndi madigiri twente-foro. The madzi m'nyanja ndi watsopano, ndipo mfundo woyera zokwanira kupatula m'madera amene tili katundu mafakitale kuipitsa.

The Ndalama wa nyanza

Malo ndi Nyanja Ladoga, chinam'chititsa kufunika aakulu azachuma kwa dziko. Popeza kuti nyanjayi ndi waukulu n'kofunika m'derali. Amaona ngati gawo limodzi la mzere waukulu madzi, mbali ya njira Volga-Baltic komanso White Nyanja ndi Baltic njira.

kutumiza kwambiri ndi kum'mwera kwa nyanja ya Ladoga kwa Neva ndipo Svir. Popeza mosungiramo ali akulowa pansi kwambiri, ndiye pali zambiri mikuntho, makamaka mu kugwa. Panthawi zimenezi, kutumiza zonse mabasi kwa chitetezo cha zombo anthu.

Chikhazikitsireni maziko a Petersburg Nyanja anakhala mbali ya wogwirizana dongosolo la zamaulendo madzi a kumpoto Russia. Kuyenda otetezeka pamodzi chakumwera chinaikidwa Ladoga Ngalande. Kamodzi sikunali kokwanira, ngakhalenso kunapangitsa Ladoga njira kutalika makilomita sikisite-naini pa zana.

Ladoga Ngalande ziri tsopano pafupi kwathunthu adzauma ndi tchire. A njira yachiwiri, lero ndi waukulu. M'chaka cha nyanja chimadzera matani mamiliyoni atatu a katundu. Pa Nyanja Baltic ndi Volga mankhwala zoyendera mafuta, zipangizo mankhwala yaiwisi, zomangamanga, nkhuni. Komanso, Ladoga zikwizikwi okwera kusamutsidwa pachaka.

Ku Moscow, St. Petersburg ndiponso mizinda ina anachita cruises (alendo) pachilumba cha Valaam ndi Konevets. Zombo kuitana pa Valaam zilumba, ndi pa malo a madzi m'nyanja zomwe si kuonekera kutali ndi nyanja. Ndipo pamene mphepo yamphamvu akhoza kufika pitching kwambiri.

Maulendo magalimoto zonyamula pa Ladoga kumeneko. Komabe, kawiri pa tsiku m'madera ena m'nthawi navigation kuthamanga maboti kuyenda kopita.

Nsomba moyo mu madzi a nyanza

Nsomba Nyanja Ladoga n'kopindulitsa malonda. Anagwira mitundu khumi, Pakati pa whitefish wotchuka kwambiri, smelt, ripus. Ndithu kwambiri mu nyanja ndi walleye ndi whitefish.

Zosangalatsa on Lake Ladoga

Ngakhale kuti madzi a m'nyanja Ladoga amakhalabe ozizira ngakhale chilimwe, amaitana ambiri alendo. Monga tidanena kale, pa gombe pali wokongola magombe mchenga. Mwa malo makamaka wotchuka kumpoto kwa chilumbachi. Nthawi yabwino kuyenda pa kayak pa nyanja - mu June ndi July. A pang'ono pafupi ndi kugwa chiyambi cha mkuntho, kumene chisangalalo madzi m'nyanja.

Kuno ku nyanja uko Nizhnesvirsky Nature Reserve. Malowa ali pamtunda m'mbali lamanja la mtsinje Svir. Gawo lotetezedwa zone - lowe madambo zofunika lonse. Iwo chidwi kuti iwo kukaikira mazira mbalame za m'madzi ndi maulendo ataliatali. M'dera olembedwa mitundu 256 zosiyanasiyana za mbalame.

chidwi chapadera nawo alendo chilumba cha Valaam. Iye zophimbidwa ndi m'nkhalango ya paini. Chilumba lili ndi obisika lakale limene linakhazikitsidwa mu zaka chinayi-khumi.

Komanso tchuthi kukachezera Konevsky chilumba pali ena obisika. Dzina limeneli chisumbucho chinali kavalo-mwala changati chimwalacho, ili apa. Mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, mwala uwu malo nsembe. The kukopa chachikulu ndi Mpingo wa Kubadwa kwa Yesu la Namwali Wodalitsidwa, m'dera la obisika a.

mbiri

Novgorod kwa zaka zambiri anali on Lake Ladoga asilikali ndi wamalonda asilikali. Geographic mudziwe nazo kwa akatswiri olemba mapu kumadzulo ndipo m'masiku amenewo. Nyanja Ladoga pa mapu Moscow State anaonekera mu 1544. Iwo anapanga German katswiri Sebastian Münster.

Chithunzi cha Russia Fedorom Godunovym wa dziko mu 1600. Zinali nyanja TACHIMATA ndi digiri mwachilungamo mkulu molondola. Pakati pa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu izo zinapangidwa khadi osati mwa nyanja ya Ladoga, koma njira yokumba.

Novaya Ladoga

Novaya Ladoga - umodzi mwa midziyo m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Ladoga. Malowa ali pamtunda kumanzere kwa Volkhov mtsinje kumene wasefukira m'nyanja. mzinda anakhazikitsidwa mu 1704 ndi Mfumu Peter Wamkulu. Pali anakhalabe ambiri zipilala mbiriyakale zomwe zingakhale chidwi alendo komanso alendo.

Shlisselburg

mzinda lili m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Ladoga. Idamangidwa ndi Prince a Novgorod Yuri Danilovich mu 1323, amene ali pa chilumba cha mtedza anaika linga matabwa. Kenako, iye anagwidwa ndi asilikali a Sweden, Sinthani dzina izo Noteburg. Ndipo mu 1702, linga la anagonjetsedwa ndi Peter Wamkulu. Kenako dzina lake pano. mtawuni alinso zokonda zake: Ladoga Ngalande, ndi Oreshek linga Peter Wamkulu chipilala, Cathedral wa Annunciation ndi, St. Nicholas Church.

Priozersk

Pa nthawi imeneyi Karelian kuthetsa ali m'nthawi akhumi. Mu 1310 Novgorod pakamwa pa Mtsinje Vuoksi inamangidwa likulu achitetezo otchedwa Korela. Kenako anagonjetsa asilikali a Sweden n'kulanda. Koma mu 1710, iye anayamba ku Russian Ufumu.

Nyanja Ladoga ndi madera ozungulira - chidwi kwambiri malo alendo. inu Sikuti amasirira kukongola kwa chilengedwe, kutenga ngalawa maulendo kukaona chilumba, komanso kuona zipilala mbiri anasunga kuti nthawi yathu.