Kodi tanthauzo zamoyo asexual kubalana zomera chiyani?

Kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha anthu a mitundu - Ntchito yaikulu kwambiri ya chamoyo chilichonse. N'chifukwa chake, pamodzi ndi kubereka asexual anaonekera. Zimagwidwa ndinazolowera kufalitsa awo amvedwe, kugwiritsa ntchito ziwalo za thupi lake. Kodi tanthauzo kwachilengedwenso Kodi a asexual kubereka? ndi ubwino komanso kuipa kwa njira imeneyi?

Kodi asexual kubereka?

Chimodzi mwa zolinga za kukhalako kwa zamoyo - kusewera mtundu wawo. Kuti athetse vutoli, zomera, nyama, mabakiteriya ndi anthu ena a dziko kwachilengedwenso apeza njira zawo kuonjezera chiwerengero. No kubalana zodabwitsa amapatsidwa kwa mmodzi wa magawo a moyo onse pamodzi ndi kukula, ndi kupukusa chakudya mphamvu, ndi zonse za chilengedwe mkati, ndi zina zotero. D.

Asexual kubalana - ndi njira imene nawo maselo nyongolosi si chofunika. Gametes kumathandiza kwambiri mapangidwe latsopano Ndisanaumbidwe zinthu majini Komabe, Sizotheka kusinthana kwa njira kugonana kubalana. Kodi tanthauzo zamoyo asexual osabereka n'ziti?

Kwa ena zamoyo, monga mabakiteriya - ndiyo njira yokha kuonjezera kukula anthu. Pakuti onse a nyama ndi zomera dziko asexual ndi kugonana kubalana zofunika mu muyeso ofanana. Ngati woyamba ntchito kuwonjezereka kachulukidwe chiwerengero, wachiwiri - kwa ubwino (ie kusintha kwa zinthu majini).

Mitundu ya asexual kubalana

Kusewera mtundu awo liwilo - ndicho chimene icho chiri tanthauzo zamoyo asexual kubalana wa zamoyo. Mtundu wa kubalana ndi wamkulu, choncho ulamuliro wake nsonga mu chitukuko otsika wa chamoyo. Kenako Adzaperekedwa mitundu ya asexual kubereka, amene angayambe mu magulu osiyana taxonomic.

1. Bayinare fission. Mtundu wa kubalana liri lililonse chifukwa ambiri a anthu a prokaryotes mogwirizana. Selo ndipamene kugawa yopingasa lomwe limapanga malire mu theka, potero kupanga maselo awiri wamkazi.
2. Schizogony. Njira imeneyi akhoza amatengedwa kuti ndi bwino Baibulo a gulu bayinare, pamene khungu limodzi akufotokozera bulanchi angapo. Choyamba anagawa pachimake, ndiyeno - selo yokha. Mtundu wa kafalitsidwe zingaoneke mu mkombero moyo Sporozoa (mwachitsanzo, Plasmodium falciparum), ndipo ena algae.
3. Ikuphukira. Ngakhale kuphweka kwa fission bayinare ndi schizogony, osati zamoyo zonse, njira izi kuswana angakhale ogwira. Pakuti metazoans izi wosazindikira monga Coelenterates, yodziwika budding - mapangidwe thupi latsopano mu mawonekedwe outgrowth, amene poyamba olumikizidwa kwa munthu kholo, ndiyeno kuchokera. Ngati "impso" si sakukhudzidwa, kupanga chambiri zamoyo angapo. Ikuphukira ndi khalidwe yisiti.
4. Kugawikana. Izi kubalana zachokera mtundu wa luso thupi buluzi. Ndi khalidwe la planarians, nemerteans, thonje, ena algae filamentous. Pamene mawotchi kuwonongeka kholo munthu akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu angapo, aliyense zomwe zinagwira thupi latsopano.
5. Sporulation kapena spore mapangidwe. Vutoli mtundu ambiri asexual kubereka, kuyambira mapangidwe awiri ndi kuuzana nkhani chibadwa. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, genotype mbadwa ndi yosiyana ndi ya mbalame kholo. Sporulation zingaoneke mu nkhungu, algae, horsetails, Mumapezekanso, Moss, Moss.

Kodi tanthauzo zamoyo asexual kubalana zomera chiyani?

The zomera lagawidwa spore ndi mbewu. Zoyambazo monga ndere, horsetails, kalabu ndere, Mumapezekanso, ndi wachiwiri - gymnosperms ndi angiosperms. Asexual kubalana zomera spore zimagwiritsa mu mapangidwe spores. Mu gymnosperms ndi angiosperms sporulation ngakhale chinthu wapakatikati mu zikamera wa gametes (microspores ndi megaspory). Kubalana pogwiritsa ntchito ziwalo za thupi - chimenecho ndiye tanthauzo zamoyo asexual kubalana zomera.

Vegetative kubalana ndi khalidwe chabe kwa mitundu kwambiri kuyambira wa zomera, ndipo ndi mtundu okha wa asexual kubalana. Mu njira imeneyi spore n'kovuta kwambiri. Ndi mbali ina, kodi tanthauzo zamoyo asexual kubalana zomera.

Kodi kubalana a mitundu vegetatively?

1. Kusinthidwa ya tsinde la. Zikuphatikizapo mababu, corms, rhizomes, stolons, tubers, masharubu. Pa ziwalo zimenezi zomera anapanga masamba achikalekale imene mphukira zatsopano kukula. Njira imeneyi kubalana angapezeke pa tulip, Narcissus, anyezi, mabulosi akuda, Iris, strawberries, mbatata ndi zina zotero. D.
2. Muzu tubers (korneklubni). Matupi amenewa ali adventitious mizu, amene kuwonjezera zakudya. Korneklubnyami mtundu violet, Yerusalemu atitchoku, dahlia.
3. Cuttings. Kuuza - ndi mbali iliyonse ya tsinde, amene muli mfundo osachepera limodzi ndi masamba adventitious. Nthawi zina zokwanira kawetedwe pepala popanda tsinde la. Zitsanzo za zomera: Begonia, fuchsia, Dracaena, etc ...

Udindo zamoyo asexual kubalana zomera

Ndondomeko gamete mapangidwe kumatengera zifukwa zambiri. Nthawi zambiri, asexual kubalana akhoza kukhala aluso, chifukwa angathe kuchitidwa popanda nkhani ya gametes. Zomera spore amenewo ndi chigawo chachikulu cha kayendedwe ka moyo. Mbewu - kubalana vegetative, imene inu mosavuta kuonjezera chiwerengero cha anthu.

Kodi tanthauzo zamoyo asexual osabereka n'ziti? Izi osati liwiro, komanso tisaletse ndondomeko kukhazikitsa. Ngati kubereka akadakwanitsira zinthu zachilengedwe zofunika kukula kwa mbewu, ndi asexual angayambe nthawi ina iliyonse ya moyo wa munthu.

Komabe, vegetative kafalitsidwe ali ndi zovuta zake. Mwachitsanzo, ndi mtundu uwu wa kubalana palibe kufotokoza mfundo chibadwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zomera si ndinazolowera chiwerengero cha mibadwo kwa zinthu zatsopano chilengedwe, ndipo zimenezi zingachititse kuti imfa ya anthu ambiri a oyeserera analandira.

Kugwiritsa ntchito anthu asexual kubalana zomera

Njira kubalana chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ntchito. Vegetative kubalana zomera amalola kubzala timapepala yaikulu mbatata dziko, anyezi, Beets, kaloti, strawberries, sitiroberi ndi zina zotero D..

Komanso vegetative kafalitsidwe zimathandiza kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chakudya, masamba, mbewu yokongola, kumapangitsanso kulimbikira zomera zinthu chokhwima zachilengedwe kudzera inoculation.