Zubatov SERGEY Vasilyevich (1864-1917): yonena. Mutu wa Dipatimenti Special wa Russian Ufumu Apolisi

Zubatov SERGEY Vasilyevich (1864-1917 gg.) Kodi Mlengi wa dongosolo la kufufuza ndale chisanadze chosintha Russia. Monga mkulu wa dipatimenti apolisi, analenga mabungwe ogwira ntchito malamulo, amene amatchedwa ndi dzina lake. ntchito yake ukutchulidwa kwambiri mu mbiri zokhudza dziko lathu kwa zaka za m'ma. The Zimene iwo kuti afewetse mphamvu ya madzulo a ulimi chikhalidwe, koma, mwatsoka, koma alephera kuletsa isanayambike ake.

zaka kuphunzira

Zubatov SERGEY Vasilevich anabadwa mu banja la mkulu. atate wake anagwira malo apamwamba mu Moscow utsogoleli. Mnyamatayo anali kuphunzira m'sukulu za sekondale, kumene tisatengere maganizo chosintha ndi ngakhale analenga bwalo lake la nihilists. Iye zimayesetsa kudzipatsa maphunziro, odzipereka makamaka ntchito za olemba a zokopa zokomera. Komanso, mnyamata kulimbikitsa mfundo nihilistic pakati pa ophunzira, zimene anachotsedwa pa kuumirira kwa atate wake.

Kugwirizana ndi boma la

Zubatov SERGEY Vasilevich pambuyo kuchotsa amakakamizidwa maphunziro anakhala wantchito wa ofesi Moscow. Koma chofunika kwambiri chinali ntchito yake mu laibulale payekha, lomwe linaletsa ndi kudzipatula kwa makope mabuku. The boma wamng'ono anali alendo ake pafupipafupi, zimene zinachititsa kuti rapprochement awo. Komabe Zubatov sanali mfundo zawo ndi malingaliro, ngati iye akunena kuti ndi kutsatira za maganizo a Pisarev, pamene abwenzi ake anali maganizo andale populists. Komabe, iwo anali kulemberana ndi mzake. Komabe, nthawi zina kenako anamangidwa ndi kuimbidwa mlandu ndi kugona ndi boma la. Ndiye Zubatov SERGEY Vasilevich anati Ndipotu, wochirikiza ulamuliro wa panopa, ndi kutsimikizira wosalakwa anatenga kusaka pansi onse amene mwanjira ina chikugwirizana ndi mabwalo mobisa.

The kusintha kwa utumiki chinsinsi

Kuyambira 1886 mpaka 1887 iye ntchito mu matchalitchi amene amati ndi kusaka pansi woukira boma la People. Masuku pamutu kumukhulupirira ndi kuwapatsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana, Zubatov anaulula angapo ntchito yaikulu ya mabungwe mobisa. Komabe, anapeza ndipo analengeza provocateur. ziwalo wina ndi gulu ngakhale abverana kuti amuphe. Kenako, akuluakulu anamufunsa kuti mwalamulo kupita ku polisi, lomwe ndi zimene zinachitika mu 1889. ntchito izi, iye anati, chifukwa iye mavuto ambiri kuti mwina chifukwa chongochitika kamodzi kokha chizolowezi malingaliro chosintha.

Jobs mu dipatimenti chitetezo

m'ma 19, kapena kani, theka lake chachiwiri, anali heyday wa Anthu Chifuniro kayendedwe, kupanga mabungwe mobisa amene bungwe kuphedwa ndi ankakonza zipolowe zida. Mu nkhani ya kukula kuposa kutchuka maganizo zokomera kuthana ndi mamembala a zibonga chinsinsi kukhala zovuta kwambiri. Komabe Zubatov ntchito mu Moscow Apolisi, ngwokhoza kuukitsa ntchito ya gulu la mlingo wokwererapo. Mwina chifukwa cha ntchito yake bwino kwagona kuti anasankha zokopa Chilango miyeso. Onse akaidi boma ankachititsa ntchito maganizo, ambiri a kutikopa kumbali yake, pamene ena mukayikire pa zotuluka pa njira wawo. M'ma 19 anali m'ma achinyamata ankakhulupirira moona mtima kuti ndi thandizo la nkhondo tingapindule Russia. Komabe Zubatov akhulupirire kuti cholinga chomwechi chingapezeke mwa ntchito pa akuluakulu. Choncho anatha kulenga zopezera nthumwi zake, amene ntchito mwangwiro. Mothandizidwa ndi madera ambiri chinsinsi, kupewedwa pofuna anali kuwuluridwa. Chitani zinthu mobisa ku Moscow anali oopsa. Patapita kanthawi Zubatov mu 1896 chinali chachikulu apolisi.

Pa positi chachikulu

bungwe, zomwe kwenikweni, mwachindunji subordinated ku dipatimenti wapadera, amene anali gawo la dipatimenti apolisi ya Russian Ufumu. Ntchito wagawo uyu anali gawo la polimbana malingaliro kunachitika mu dziko. Iwo ankachita nawo kuphunzira maganizo kuphunzira wachinyamata, kuyang'anira antchito, kuulula milandu ndale. Zubatov anakhazikitsa ntchito za Dipatimenti wake pa chitsanzo European. Iye analenga dongosolo la wothandizira osati zoweta komanso akunja. anthu Ake ntchito osati Moscow komanso m'dziko lonselo, tikusaka pansi ndi neutralizing zibonga mobisa ndi mabungwe. kufufuza Political anaukitsidwa kwa mlingo watsopano. Choncho, Zubatov analenga gulu lapadera la Apolisiwo amene zimayesetsa kutsatira pansi Anthu kudutsa dziko. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, bungwe chinaululidwa osati Moscow komanso likulu, Minsk.

Lingaliro la kulenga mabungwe ogwira ntchito malamulo '

Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma, ndi Moscow akuluakulu akukumana ndi kayendedwe ka proletariat lapansi. Vuto ili Zubatov yodziwa mabuku apadera ndipo anapeza kuti vuto zingathe kuthetsedwa ngati inu kulamulira mabungwe ogwira ntchito. Mu chaka cha 1898 anapereka mapulani ake kuti ntchito mkulu wa apolisi Trepov ndi chilolezo kuchita ntchito maganizo mwa zikhalidwe disaffected osauka. Mfundo yaikulu ya kanthu Zubatov anali awa: kufunika kutsimikizira antchito kuti iwo akhoza kukwaniritsa zofuna zawo ndi boma tsarist, ndi kuti kusintha moyo wawo sikuti achite Zasintha, mogwirizana ndi chiphunzitso chakuti Marxists. Zubatov anachita chotero skilfully anakwanitsa kunyengerera ndi kutsimikizira kwa kulondola mbali yaikulu ya proletariat, ndipo analola kuti iye chitani ndi gulu la mabungwe ogwira boma 'm'manja mwa apolisi.

Yobu St. Petersburg

Mu 1902, msinkhu ntchito zake zandale, anaitanidwa kuti azikatumikira ku St. Petersburg ndipo anasankha mtsogoleri wa dipatimenti Special anati. Pa positi Zubatov anaikidwa za maganizo ndi nduna ya Plehve Mkati, amene sanali maganizo ake pa kufunika kusintha kwambiri ndipo imafika pofuna kupewa zisinthe, koma anaona kuti ndi bwino kupatsa iye ndi udindo wofunika umenewu. A ntchito yatsopano Zubatov anapitiriza kusintha kwa dongosolo apolisi ndale. Iye analenga maofesi wapadera chitetezo m'dziko, omwe adawasokeretsa anthu ake okhulupirika amene amadziwa njira yake yochitira ntchito investigative.

yosiya

Ndi kukula Zubatov analandira udindo aulemu "mlangizi khoti." Komabe, monga chaka kenako mu moyo wake anatenga yosayembekezera ndi zosasangalatsa kwambiri kusintha. chakuti iye ndi Plehve sanathe kupeza chinenero chimodzi chifukwa kuwonjezeka kusiyana pakati pawo. Zubatov anapitiriza kunena kufunika kwa kusintha, ndipo mtumiki mkati Inayesetsa kulimbikitsa kupondereza. Pa malo a otsutsa anayamba SERGEY Witte, amene ngakhale chiwembu kuloza Pleven. Komabe, dongosolo anapezeka ndi Zubatov yomweyo amachotsedwa pa nchitozi yake yapamwamba. Iye anapita ku Moscow, ndipo kuchokera kumeneko anapita Vladimir. Kuseri kwa icho anaikidwa anaziika, analinso sankaloledwa kulankhula ndi anzake akale. Mlangizi anapuma bwalo Komabe, anapulumutsa ndi kumukonzanso pambuyo kupha Sitefano Plehve. Nduna latsopano Mkati Svyatopolk-Mirsky akhafuna bwerera ku ofesi, koma iye anakana.

Zaka zomalizira za moyo wake

Pambuyo sanam'peze ndi mlandu, iye anabwerera ku Moscow ndipo anayamba ntchito journalistic. Iye m'magazini monarchist, koma kenako analowa makalata ndi Burtsev, amene ankaona osati odalirika kwambiri. Iye analetsedwa kukhala naye pa ubwenzi. Kwa zaka zingapo zotsatira Zubatov Ine sanachite ndale, ndi kokha anatsatira pa zinthu. Pamene iye anamva za abdication la mfumu mu 1917, ndiye iye anaponya yekha.

ntchito phindu

Mu mbiri ya dziko lathu, munthu uyu anabwera mu malo oyamba, monga kulinganiza ndi mlengi wa mabungwe ntchito akatswiri omwe cholinga chawo chinali kuteteza zofuna zawo kudzera malamulo ndi mtendere. Chipani woyamba unakhazikitsidwa mu 1901. Mu mabuku mbiri zodabwitsazi anaphatikizidwa pansi pa dzina Zubatov ndi "Zubatovism", ndipo akuti ichi kawirikawiri anazindikira m'njira monyogodola m'mibadwo yake. Komabe, SERGEY kudziwa mtengo wa m'kalasi ntchito, ndipo ankakhulupirira kuti kufala kwa malingaliro zokomera mwa izo angakhale ndi zotsatira zoopsa. Choncho, iye ankafuna kuika kayendedwe ntchito m'manja mwa akuluakulu a boma ndi apolisi. Mu gawo anachita, koma ndiye makamaka chifukwa cha kutsutsidwa ndi Plehve anakakamizika kuti zithe ntchito. zochita zake ndi mabungwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa apolisi zokomera onse, ngakhale Zubatov wokanayo ndi chiphunzitso chotere. Iye ananena kuti, M'malo mwake, akulimbana ndi maganizo zokomera ndi kuti Kukwezeleza mogwirizana kufunika chitukuko cha sosholisimu ndi chuma payekha. Iye ananenanso kuti mbali apolisi ali si unachita zikuluzikulu zochitika zawo. Malinga ndi iye, anayenera kukhala chikuto mgwirizano ndi aluso akuluakulu. Komabe Zubatov zambiri kudzudzulidwa onse lamanja ndi lamanzere, ngakhale kufotokoza.