Kugwirizana kwa Germany m'zaka za m'ma 1800

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1800 Germany idatchedwa Ufumu Woyera wa Roma wa dziko la Germany, lomwe linali ndi maiko oposa 300. Ena mwa iwo, Austria, Bavaria, Saxony, Prussia, Württemberg ndi ena anali ndi mphamvu yaikulu. Izi zimapereka kwa mfumu ndi zakudya zokhazokha, zokhala ndi ufulu wonse.

Kugwirizana kwa Germany m'zaka za zana la 19 kunayengedwa mothandizidwa ndi zifukwa zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, poganizira zachuma, padali kusowa koti pakhale malo amodzi azachuma. Ndalama zosiyanasiyana za ndalama, zolepheretsa miyambo yambirimbiri zinalepheretsa malonda. Kuonjezera apo, kusonyeza zoopseza zakunja, boma liyenera kukhala logwirizana, lamphamvu ndi lamphamvu, osati losagawanika. Inkafuna mphamvu imodzi yokha. Nchifukwa chake kugwirizana kwa Germany kunali kanthawi chabe.

Chifukwa cha nkhondo ndi Napoleon, Ufumu Woyera wa Roma wa dziko la Germany unatha kukhalako. Kumadera akumadzulo kwa Germany kuyambira 1806 mpaka 1813, bungwe la Rhine Union linakhazikitsidwa , kuphatikizapo mayiko 16 omwe adalonjeza kuti adzachita nawo nkhondo ku France. M'mayiko amenewa, Napoleon inathetsa serfdom ndipo mu 1804 inakhazikitsa Civil Code. Komabe, atagonjetsedwa ndi Napoleon, mgwirizanowu unasokonezeka.

Mu 1815, ku Congress of Vienna, pansi pa ulamuliro wa Austria, mizinda 4 yopanda ufulu ndi mayiko 34 adagwirizanitsidwa ku German Union. Anapitirizabe kudziimira okha, koma Austria idagwira ntchito yaikulu, yomwe inati ndi boma lalikulu mu bungwe lolamulira, Union Diet.

Mu 1834, bungwe la Customs Union linapangidwa, kuphatikizapo Prussia, Bavaria ndi mayiko ena 16. Anatsogoleredwa ndi Prussia, omwe adafunanso kugwirizanitsa Germany. Izi zinkatsogoleredwa ndi mphamvu zowonjezera mafakitale chaka chilichonse.

Kuti dziko la Germany likhale logwirizana, mayiko awiri akuluakulu, Austria ndi Prussia, adalimbana ndi ulamuliro wawo. Yoyamba inali dziko la Chikatolika ndi lamitundu yambiri. Chifukwa chake, funso la dziko lonse linali patsogolo pake. Kuonjezera apo, zinali zovuta kumbuyo.

Kugwirizana kwa Germany kunkachitika ndi njira zankhondo. Mu 1866, O. Bismarck, yemwe anali mtsogoleri wa asilikali a Prussia, adamaliza mgwirizano wachinsinsi ndi Italy ku Austria. Mu June chaka chomwecho, adayambitsa nkhondo, kutenga Holstein. Malingaliro a Austria, a Allied Seim adaganiza zokakamiza asilikali kumenyana ndi Prussia. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, asilikali achi Prussia ndi Italy anaukira Austria ndi ogwirizana nawo. Otsatirawo anagonjetsedwa. August 24, 1866 ku Prague inasaina ndi mgwirizano wamtendere wa Prussia, umene Austria unakana kuti amakhulupirira kuti ndi hegemoni ku Germany.

Pambuyo pa kupondereza kwa Prussia ku Austria, woyamba adakhala yekha mgwirizano. Kuti agwirizane ndi mayiko a kumpoto kwa Germany, Prussia inagonjetsa Denmark, ndi France ndi kum'mwera. Chifukwa cha kugwirizana kwa mayiko, Berlin anakhala likulu la Ufumu wa Germany, malo ovomerezeka pa ndale a Prussia. Mu mawonekedwe a boma, idakhala ufumu wadziko lapansi. Mfumu (Kaiser) inali Mfumu ya Prussia. Mphamvu ya malamulo idagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nyumba yamalamulo. Linali ndi zipinda ziwiri: Bundesrat (Union Council) ndi Reichstag (Imperial Assembly).

Kugwirizana kwa Germany mu 1871 kunakhazikitsidwa mu Constitution, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa pa April 16 ndi Reichstag Constituent. Boma linali mgwirizano, womangidwa pamtunda ndipo uli ndi magulu atatu. Woyamba analipo ma 22 a monarchies: maufumu 4, maulamuliro 7 ndi maudindo akuluakulu 11. Lachiwiri linali ndi mizinda yopanda ufulu yokhala ndi dziko la Republican. Ndipo lachitatu linaphatikizapo mayiko achifumu - Alsace ndi Lorraine.

Kugwirizana kwa Germany kunadzetsa kulimbitsa kwakukulu: kunakhala mphamvu yaikulu ya ku Ulaya, yomwe idakhudza kwambiri mbiri yotsatira.