Kukula artichokes mbewu: malangizo ndi malingaliro othandiza

Pa masamba m'munda wa mnansi zosiyanasiyana zomera. Koma ilo ndi osowa kupeza pakati zosiyanasiyana masamba chodabwitsa atitchoku. Iye si otchuka, ngakhale katundu wawo zakudya ndi mankhwala.

"Ndiwo msana" - wina dzina chomera, a ku North America, kupereka mbewu masamba chifukwa cha maonekedwe ake. Koma ngakhale makhalidwe zosowa, m'pofunika kwambiri zipatso.

mafotokozedwe

Pamaso atitchoku kukula pa munda wake, yodziwa makhalidwe amafotokoza.

Osatha ali bwino anayamba mizu. Wamphamvu zomera ali masamba lalikulu lobed yokutidwa ndi prickles. Wamtali pang'ono nthambi tsinde kungakhale kwa mamita 2. Kunja, zomera amaoneka ngati silvery wonyezimira kasupe yatcheredwa ndi inflorescences ozungulira a buluu.

Ambiri sakuzindikira kuti masamba wapatali imeneyi si choncho zovuta kukula, ngati mmene zilili panopo. Ndipo izo zikhoza kuchitidwa mu mabacteria osiyana nyengo. Ndi mfundo wokongola kukongoletsa, zikhoza kukhala ngati chokongoletsera aliyense ndiwo zamasamba otchedwa atitchoku.

Kulima ndi Care

Aliyense chikhalidwe masamba ali mbali zina za ulimi. Atitchoku (Cynara scolymus) akhoza kukula pafupifupi m'madera onse, kupatula iwo amene kotentha m'chilimwe. makhalidwe abwino kukula ndi ozizira ndi chinyezi m'nyengo ya chilimwe ndi kotentha. Zomera kutentha wachikondi ndi atitchoku.

Kulima ndi kusamalira chifukwa deta chomera chuma. Iwo salola kutentha otsika. Choncho yaitali kulima atitchoku ndi zotheka m'madera kum'mwera. M'nyengo yozizira mukufuna kuphimba dongosolo mizu. Mumalize nkhaniyo kungakhale ziwiri centimetric wosanjikiza peat. M'dzinja pamaso pa pogona odulidwa mbewu akuwombera.

Kumadera ndi nthawi kulima yozizira ndi makamaka kwa atitchoku ngati mbewu pachaka mbewu.

Waukulu agronomic zofunika

Wokongola chabe za chonde atitchoku. Kubzala, kulima ndi kukonza kumaphatikizapo zinthu zina kukula. Pakuti zabodza zopezeka minga abwino lachonde. Madzi kukoma mbewu. Komabe, mwamtheradi sadzalekerera waterlogging. The lomwe zomera mwakula, ayenera kukhala kuwala ndi bwino mkangano, kutetezedwa drafts.

Njira kulima atitchoku ndi

Pali njira zitatu zimene mungagwiritse ntchito kupeza chodabwitsa ndi wapadera mabedi zabodza zopezeka minga: kulima atitchoku kwa mbewu mmera ndi njira vegetative. Aliyense amafuna zoletsedwa ndi malamulo. M'chigawo chakumwera akhoza kukhala wamkulu kwa mbewu za atitchoku lapansi. Mbewu razmozhenie zikhalidwe thermophilic akugwiritsidwa kokha m'madera kubzala masika oyambirira n'zotheka. Mbande wamkulu atitchoku momwemonso zomera pachaka m'madera ozizira nyengo ofunda masiku 90-100. Pakuti nyengo mabacteria kupezeka ndi vegetative njira kafalitsidwe wa masamba.

Features wa kulima

Mu chomera ayenera kupanga feteleza wabwino. Pamaso kufesa, mbewu ayenera kukhala chikho pansi chimodzi chathunthu fetereza organic, kapena fosholo wa kompositi kapena zaka nkhuku manyowa. Mukhozanso ntchito mlingo wa kapu theka la chakudya magazi ndi fupa chakudya pa zomera. Komanso, mphamvu zabwino kukula akhoza analimbikitsa 2-3-masentimita wosanjikiza manyowa akalulu.

Ngati dothi osauka kubzala, Ndi bwino kuchita feteleza zina m'ma nyengo.

Kukula artichokes mbewu chifukwa chakuti, monga ena zomera zina monga mbewu yamasamba, ena a zomera sadzatipeza kalasi tikuonera chizindikiro. Izi zimachitika pafupifupi 30% ya milandu. M'malo zomera osafunika ndi yokonza ndalama zawo anakonza ayenera anabzala zambiri mbewu.

Komanso, kusankha mosamala mbewu apamwamba ayenera kuchitika. Culling kumayambiriro kwa nyengo zomera ofooka. Kumapeto kwa nyengo m'pofunika kusankha zinthu ndi mbali pamwamba-mphako.

njira mmera

"Ndiwo munga" - m'malo capricious ndi wovuta zomera. Kukula artichokes mbewu amene afesedwa mwachindunji mu nthaka, si otchuka. Iwo ankaona njira yodalirika kwambiri wa mmera.

Zomera ndondomeko kukula yomwe inayamba m'nyumba m'nyengo yozizira kapena kasupe oyambirira, kumapeto kwa chirimwe kapena yophukira oyambirira zokolola. Unakwaniritsa kufunika malo nthawi, pamene kupewa ngozi kuwonongeka ndi kutentha otsika.

kufesa nthawi

Pakuti dzinthu pasadakhale kuika atitchoku. Kukula kwa mbewu greenhouses kwa mbande chifukwa chimango nthawi. Ndi nthawi ya ikamatera zomera ayenera kukhala wa zaka masabata 8-10. Pa mfundo imeneyi, n'zosavuta kuwerengera nthawi kubzala mbewu. Iwo anabwera ku mapeto a February kapena chiyambi cha March.

Seedbed mbewu kukonzekera

Mbewu ankanyamula mu matumba gauze kapena envulopu. Awo wothira ndipo anaikidwa galasi kapena mapulasitiki chidebe. Phimbani filimuyi ndi Zidamera pa kutentha madigiri 20-25. Mu nthawi mlungu umodzi mbewu zimaswa. Mbande anali pansi tempering.

Envulopu ndi mbewu anaika mu firiji ndi anapitiriza pa kutentha 0 kuti + 2 ° C kwa mwezi umodzi. Kukula artichokes mbewu, zapita chisanadze kufesa mankhwala, adzasintha khalidwe la zomera.

Kukula ndi kusamalira mbewu

Mbande mosavuta kukula mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena pansi pa kuwala fulorosenti kunyumba. Mbewu obzalidwa muli 15-masentimita wodzazidwa ndi lachonde ndi Kuwonjezera wa peat ndi humus. Kukula artichokes kwa mbewu kutentha amafuna kutsatira kutentha ndi kuwala zinthu. Woyamba masabata awiri linkasungidwamo pa madigiri 20. Komanso adatchithisira digiri 12-14. Komanso ndikofunikira kuonjezera nthawi kuwala mwa njira nyali.

Kusamalira zomera wosavuta. Kuwonjezera kugwilizana kuunika ndi kutentha zinthu, amafuna madzi okwanira nthawi zonse.

Vegetative njira kubalana

Komanso kulima artichokes, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito njira yolekanitsa mizu. Koma inu muyenera kukhala ndi kuthekera chodzala zakuthupi zomera wamkulu.

Mu April oyambirira m'pofunika kuchotsa nthambi mbewu yaikulu. Izi zikhoza kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito mpeni serrated kuŵapatulanya ku tsinde chapakati.

Kenako atitchoku kufunika wosweka ndi fosholo kuti kuwononga dongosolo mizu. Ndondomeko ziyenera kuchitidwa pamene chomera si lalikulu kwambiri, pafupifupi 30 cm mu msinkhu.

Nthambi iliyonse mizu akhoza tizikhala pa mtunda wa 1-1.5 mamita kwa mnzake.

Share ndi gawo artichokes

nagawira ndondomeko chikuchitika mu magawo angapo. Chinthu choyamba kuchita - ndi mpeni mokoma suckers woyera. Komanso afooketse chomera akuya kwambiri oti sichingadzakhoze kutisiyanitsa gawo la dongosolo muzu ndi dziko. Mbali anapambulwa kuziika mbali iliyonse ya m'munda kapena mnzake.

Mukhozanso kugula akugona atitchoku mizu mu nurseries apadera. ankafika nthawi anatsimikiza zochokera zogona zone nyengo. Mu nyengo yofunda kubzala akhoza kuchitika mu yophukira kapena yozizira. Mu nyengo zina chomera ayenera anabzala mu April oyambirira. Kubzala ikuchitika ngati mphukira mizu. Muzu cuttings ayenera anakonza vertically, ndi kukula mfundo ili pang'ono pamwamba pa nthaka.

Ngakhale amaona capricious atitchoku, kubzala, kulima ndi kusamalira mbewu yodabwitsa ndi njira zosiyana wapadera.

Mbande ayenera kufika msinkhu wa masentimita 8-10 ndi zimayambira wamfupi koma wojintcha ndipo miyeso iwiri masamba mpaka kalekale. Chifukwa chakuti mbewu wakula mokwanira lalikulu, mbewu kafalitsidwe chuma kukhala pa mtunda wa 1 mita Chrixitu. zipangizo za ulimi wamba - mofanana chikhalidwe chilichonse masamba. Pa masamba m'munda wa atitchoku atsike.

Kufunika madzi pachimake ndi amagetsi atitchoku

Kaya zosiyanasiyana zimene anabzala, monga ulamuliro, cholinga ndi kusonkhanitsa chikhalidwe ndi kapangidwe wachifundo. Kukoma kwa gawo edible wa mbewu anakhudzidwa ndi zifukwa zambiri, wofunika kwambiri umene uli pamaso pa madzi.

Artichokes amafuna wambirimbiri ake - kubala zazikulu, masamba zokoma. Mwina, yotentha ndi youma nthawi, mbewu ziyenera madzi katatu pa mlungu, makamaka ngati ndi kupangidwa masamba. Pamodzi ndi kusowa madzi, masamba akutulukira zingawononge wamphamvu chisanu.

Madzi imapindulitsanso ndi mizu wa atitchoku, amene minofu wakuda kwambiri. Ayenera kukhala yonyowa, makamaka pa miyezi youma. Komanso kusunga chinyezi akhoza kuphimbira pansi. Onetsetsani kuti madzi onse aperekedwe ku tsinde la mbewu, ndi bwino chosakanikirana.

Osauka ngalande kungachititse kuti stagnation madzi pa tsinde pa tsinde ndi lawola wotsatira wa masika. Pamene ozizira kwambiri yozizira yaiwisi nthaka akhoza kuwononga zomera.

Nsonga kulima ndi ntchito atitchoku

Kumapeto kwa chilimwe masamba limamasula zachilendo. Dulani zokolola mu masabata ochepa. Masamba kukhala pa nsonga zimayambira centimeter wina.

Apical Mphukira kawirikawiri yaikulu komanso okhwima choyamba. M'pofunika kusonkhanitsa gawo la tsinde mwachindunji m'munsimu impso ndi. Ziyenera kukhala lalikulu, wandiweyani ndipo chatsekedwa kwathunthu. Anthu masamba kuti sichidzalikhidwa, adzatsegula waufulu, wofiirira buluu, 6-centimeter masamba, ngati maluwa a zitsamba. Koma kusintha kwa impso mtundu, ndi njira, akhoza kuchepetsa zokolola za mbewu kwa chaka chamawa pa nkhani ya yaitali kulima mbewu. Popewa izi, muyenera kudula masamba onse. Wamaluwa, amene ziwembu zili zinthu zabwino nyengo ya kukula kwa zomera kukolola kale mu chaka choyamba. Kololani pa mbewu kungakhale kwa 30 artichokes.

Kulima ndi ntchito atitchoku ofunika mu ndiwo zamasamba zomera zachilendo anaonekera. Amazing masamba si kukongoletsa yekha. Ambiri sakuzindikira kuti zachilendo chomera - zakudya kwambiri ndi zothandiza kwambiri masamba. Pamene zili wachuma wa mavitamini ndi mbale mchere masamba kwa izo ndi otsika-kalori. Izi ndi chigawo chachikulu cha kudya kuwonda. Koma zili inulin anamasuliridwa mu gulu mankhwala a zitsamba. Atitchoku chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala.

mitundu Amazing masamba

Part wa atitchoku, amene anthu amakonda, ndi mwana Mphukira maluwa chomera wa chertopolohovyh banja. njira zosiyana ziyenera kuperekedwa ngati mukupita kuti magulu awo atitchoku - kubzala, kulima ndi kukonza. mitundu yosiyanasiyana amafuna kuchita chimodzimodzi. Pankhaniyi, aliyense wa iwo ali ake mbali mwini chosiyana. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba uyu, amene ali oyenera kukula pafupifupi nyengo iliyonse.

Kukapempha kukula mu nyengo yozizira, mungagwiritse ntchito zosiyanasiyana wobiriwira lonse. Chomera akuyamba kubala zipatso ndi zipse oyambirira zokwanira, oyenera mbewu pachaka.

Violetta, zosiyanasiyana Italy, osiyana wokongola wofiirira masamba pang'ono elongated mawonekedwe. Ndi kukula pang'ono kenako, ndipo ndi oyenera kukula mu zinthu otentha nyengo.

Star Ufumu unayambitsidwa ngati chomera pachaka. masamba ake chokoma ndi kuzungulira ndi kuyamba okhwima kwa sabata pamaso pa Green Globe.