Mbewu mtola: mitundu zabwino ndi malangizo kukula

Kodi mukufuna kuchita ndi kusamalira zachilengedwe? Kodi mukudziwa zosiyanasiyana ndi bwino kugula ndi mmene kudzala mbewu ya nandolo? Muyenera yochepa MPATUKO pa nkhaniyi? Nkhaniyi itithandiza kulimbana ndi intricacies wosamalira nyemba ndi nandolo kukula kusankha mabedi awo.

Nandolo: malongosoledwe a chikhalidwe

Oimira banja la nyemba - nandolo chikhalidwe - ndi gulu la masamba Hardy. Zomera kukwera, kufika msinkhu wa masentimita 15 mpaka 250 (malingana zosiyanasiyana za). maluwa amafanana njenjete ang'onoang'ono mwayera kapena wofiirira pa mtundu m'munsi. Mbewu ikuchitika masika oyambirira, kudikira zochangamutsa nthaka + 4 ... 6 madigiri Celsius.

Nandolo yabwino anamva m'dera bwino mkangano, anayatsa ndi windless. Kukonzekera bedi, wotha kusankha organic ndi mchere feteleza.

Kuti agwirizane zipatso kudziko lililonse ndi okhutira mkulu manyowa, zimene ziribe kanthu zomwe chikhalidwe limakula ndi kubala zipatso mu munda wa ichi kale.

Chidwi! Nandolo si kwambiri chabe za asafe ndi.

Species zosiyanasiyana nandolo

Pali mitundu oposa zana a nandolo, zonse achibadwa ndi chongopeka selliktsionerami excretion. Onse ntchito zolinga zenizeni: kusamala, akuphika, pa ulimi ndi m'mafakitale ena zhiznedetelnosti anthu. Mbewu za nandolo, nyemba anawagawa m'magulu awiri: shuga ndi hulling. Woyamba ali ndi wosakhwima ndi wokoma nyemba, otchedwa masamba. Leaf mitundu ya nandolo kusunga juiciness awo pa mapeto a nthawi sera chikapsa.

shuga nandolo zimaonetseratu mitundu, monga "ankakonda", kuti mwa iwo okha alibe nyemba zikopa wosanjikiza. Iwo kudya lonse, komanso therere kapena therere.

Pali subgroups awiri a shuga chithunzithunzi nandolo: msuzi ndi mchere.

nandolo shuga msuzi mitundu: mbali

Zipatso nandolo mitundu msuzi bespergamentnogo amasiyana kukula: iwo ali ang'onoang'ono kwambiri kuposa anthu a mitundu ina.

Nyemba (spatula) ntchito soups pamene mbewu ali wakhanda. Pakuti soups subspecies monga mbewu "ankakonda" nandolo "msuzi spatula 181", "Henry-15", "shuga ragweed," "shuga Oregon."

Vietnam shuga chithunzithunzi nandolo: analimbikitsa mitundu

subspecies Ichi ndi yabwino yoti kudya mwatsopano. Only shuga chithunzithunzi nandolo wakucha mitundu ali odzaza madzi ndi mavitamini, ndi kukoma kwambiri. Zipatso za nandolo wokoma zimakonda kudya akulu ndi ana omwe.

Chidwi! Masamba nandolo ankagwiritsa ntchito kuphika. Kuyambira kukonzekera zokoma mbali mbale.

Kuti mchere wa tsamba, izo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti ntchito kulima mbewu za nandolo "shuga mwana, 'slider saharok", "shuga uchi keke", "Karaganda-1053."

Kaperekedwe shelling mitundu mtola

shelling mtola mitundu zimaonetseratu mabodza pamaso leathery zikopa wosanjikiza pa mkati mbali kutseka kuti uchiwo usatuluke leguminous - wosanjikiza inedible.

Young nyemba luschat, ndi ntchito chakudya ndi mbewu mwana kuwatcha kuti "wobiriwira nandolo".

Pakati zosiyanasiyana shelling mitundu mtola, obereketsa zimatulutsa mbewu zambiri kuberekana wa nandolo, "Prince", "Early-301", "wopambana", "wolemekezeka-33."

M'kalasimo chilengedwe zikuphatikizapo nandolo "shuga ngolo." Zipatso za mbewu yabwino ntchito mu chakudya monga achinyamata, ndi mu maonekedwe kucha.

Features kufesa nandolo

Ngati mukupita kufesa mbewu za nandolo kwa nthawi yoyamba, muyenera kudziwa chinachake.

mabakiteriya Nodule a mizu mtola anasankhidwa ngati malo lopatsa khalidwe la moyo wake. mabakiteriya izi mwachangu kuphunzira asafe.

Pamene mbewu yoyamba ya nandolo, manyowa nthaka, ndi kukonzekera mwapadera a gulu bakiteriya angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo mwa asafe munali zikuchokera - "Nitragin". Normal bakiteriya zowonjezera 5 g / kg. Kuwonjezera Izi zimathandiza kuteteza matenda a njira ya chitukuko mtola popanda asafe ndi njala.

M'malo 'nitragin "angagwiritsidwe ntchito chawola kompositi kapena manyowa, zimene phosphorous ndi feteleza potaziyamu.

Pa mwapadera anakonza pansi yokolola bwino ndi lachonde kwambiri. Monga feteleza angagwiritsidwe ntchito Layimu: 300 g / mamita ² ndi Kuwonjezera wa potaziyamu - 30 ga, pawiri superphosphate - 20 g.

Chidwi! Pa malo, amene poyamba anali wamkulu nandolo, chaka chachiwiri ankafika wabwino zokolola kabichi.

Pamaso kufesa mbewu ankawaviika nandolo chikasu mwapadera okonzeka njira yothetsera microfertilizers. Isanafike kumizidwa mu nandolo pansi mankhwala borax, asidi boric kapena molybdate ammonium. processing Zimenezi zimapereka chotchinga zoteteza ndi zowola, cinoni, bowa, makoswe limawaletsa.

kukonzekera nthaka fetereza mabedi kwa kukula nandolo malekezero. Kuyenera anakonzeratu: kukhazikitsa kuthandiza zomera wamkulu. Ambiri mwakula nandolo ndi sadziwa kuti kuyenda limodzi pansi, chikhalidwe wosatenga mbewu akufuna, koma ali ndi zambiri chonde, pamene mu malo woongoka.

Kodi kubzala mbewu?

Kodi mukudziwa mmene kubzala nandolo?

Seeding ikuchitika 3-4 lowercase tepi, kusunga mtunda pakati pa mizere ya masentimita 16 ndipo maliboni - 45 cm.

chodzala mbewu mu msinkhu pansi zimadalira mtundu wa dothi. Ngati m'dera chimakhala chogwidwa ndi miyala ya dongo, nandolo ndi afesedwa osaya. Mu dothi kuwala amenable kuti leaching, mbewu seeded zakuya.

Zofunika! Muziona mlingo wa kufesa mbewu za nandolo. Pamene akusindikiza ochepa iwo akhoza n'kumamujompha mwendo mbalame tizilombo. Kukagona chiyani kukopa chidwi cha mbalame, kuvala malo mbewu yofesedwa, timitengo, pritrusite udzu wake kapena udzu.

Luso kukhwima nyemba chimadalira pa nthawi ya ikamatera ndi kumera misinkhu. Choncho, seeding ikuchitika mu nthawi yochepa kukwaniritsa munthawi yomweyo chikapsa lililonse mtola ngolo.

The kumera wa mbewu mtola yakula kwa masiku 14 pambuyo kufesa mu nthaka. Mtola mitundu ya shuga pa chiyambi cha zomera kukula pang'onopang'ono. Namsongole mofulumira kuononga mbewu, chotero zomera ayenera Kupalira.

The bwino kumera wa mulole mtola mbewu m'mikhalidwe yoteroyo: pamaso pa kutentha ndi chinyezi. Iwo amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri, ndipo alibe kuwala ndi mpweya. Mfundo zonsezi bwanji liwiro kumera wa mbewu mtola ndi chitukuko zina. mphukira athanzi ndi amphamvu ndi zambiri kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda zimene zingakhudze chikhalidwe. Kugonjetsedwa kwa legume ndi chifukwa cha kuyan'anila za amagetsi, anachedwa chisamaliro. Ngati dothi anali wothira, nthawi akufotokozera mafangasi mabakiteriya ndi nkhungu. Matenda wamba ndi tizirombo zimene zimakhudza nyemba, monga:

• powdery cinoni;
• muzu zowola;
• peronosporosis (anatchula downy cinoni);
• anthracnose;
• mtola nsabwe;
• The mtola weevils.

Kuteteza zosayembekezereka wa matenda mu nandolo wobiriwira ndi kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha tizirombo, muyenera kudziwa m'mene kumumenya kuti mdani, koma ambiri Chofunika, kulemekeza ulamuliro wina: aziziyang'anira kufesa.

Pakufunika kukhazikitsa trellises pamene nandolo okulirapo pang'ono. Izi adzalola chikhalidwe kukula, osati Poleg ndi mphepo mafunde. Komanso, ndi amapereka ndi kosavuta kuti mukololedwe.

Amapereka anapereka zonse mapazi awiri padziko kukafika kutsogolo kwa malo, ngati bedi ndi zazing'ono - kwathunthu enclose.

Care chikhalidwe ndi Kupalira ndi kuthirira.

Mitundu yonse ya nandolo mwakula mofananamo.

nandolo fruiting

Oyambirira kukhwima mitundu ya nandolo mbewu kuyamba kubala zipatso mu masabata 4-5, ndi mochedwa-yakucha - mu masabata 6-7.

Mbewu nandolo - mnogosbornaya masamba, nthawi fruiting amene anatambasula kwa milungu 6. Masamba shuga ndi shelling mtola mitundu kukolola patapita masiku 1-2.

Pa nthawi yonse mu chitonthozo cha fruiting kukula kwake zokolola masamba shuga ndi shelling nandolo mwina mpaka 5 makilogalamu / mamita ^2.

Nyemba ndi mkulu mu zopatsa mphamvu ndi zothandiza. Nandolo wolemera CHIKWANGWANI, mapuloteni, wowuma, shuga, lysine, mavitamini ndi zidulo. zomera ntchito pophikira ndi ulimi.

Kukula nandolo - zanimalny ndipo kwambiri si nthawi yambiri ndondomeko. zomera zothandiza abwino kudya mwatsopano, chifukwa kuteteza ndi kukonzekera zakudya zosiyanasiyana.

chodzala nandolo ntchito kudyetsa mbuzi. Nyemba kupanga zakudya zothandiza mbalame.