Kukuthandiza zisindikizo: GOST, kulemera, Mlengi chithunzi. Kodi kuchotsa chisindikizo mumpingo?

Mu dikishonare Dahl "chisindikizo - ndi atapachikidwa kutsogolera chisindikizo". Poyamba, anali ntchito katundu mu miyambo. Kukuthandiza - yofewa ductile zitsulo kuti n'zosavuta kuika sitampu aliyense, chisindikizo ndipo sangathe kuchotsedwa popanda kuwononga chitsanzo ntchito. Katundu yemweyo kutsogolera zisindikizo ntchito lero, ngakhale kuti maonekedwe ndi tanthauzo akhala mosavuta ndi nthawi.

A mbiri pang'ono

The wamkulu kupulumuka lero kumadzazidwa anapangidwa VI-VII m'ma BC.

Mbiri yakale, chisindikizo - osati chitetezo kulowa oletsedwa, izo ndi chizindikiro cha mphamvu ndi chuma chizindikiro, ndipo chithumwa. Zisindikizo poyamba zinali za phula ndi phula. Kenako, m'zaka za m'ma XIV (Mulimonsemo, amene amafufuza zamakezana anapeza zisindikizo malonda Western a m'badwo uno) anali zisindikizo kutsogolera zomwe zayambika ndi bwino, koma kulibe, ngakhale iwo ali wokongola anakankhira lanu zamakono zipangizo wosindikiza.

Ku Central Asia, zisindikizo akutsogola zinali umboni lenileni la ankawoloka miyambo malire a Bukhara. Iwo ziletso pa magulu ena mankhwala kuti Samarkand miyambo anawomberedwa pa malire ndipo anabwerera Samarkand, ndi amalonda kulandira Malipilo chokwanira.

Mu chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi m'ma Russia chisindikizo patsogolo - ndi lingaliro zosasintha zida malonda. Aliyense wopanga kapena wa Malonda, ndinali malonda chisindikizo, ndi kuteteza chuma anasindikizidwa, iwo amayenda. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma otsiriza kusindikiza katundu onse, kuphatikizapo mankhwala chobvunda mkaka. Kupulumuka zisindikizo malonda azititsogolera nthawi - wapatali umboni wotsimikizira. Pa iwo, zinayambira (mawu amakono), kuwala ndi chakudya mafakitale, katundu ndi ubwenzi malonda mu Russian Ufumu.

chisindikizo kutsogolera Kodi

Zisindikizo kutsogolera GOST 30269-95 (banki kapena chopereka ndalama) - izi ang'ono chimbale ndi awiri mwa mabowo 2,5 × 2 mm, amene yamazinga wosindikiza waya kapena twayini, pa dzanja limodzi ndi recess tsidya lina la mfundo za. Pamene bwino kuika kuzibweretsa waya chisindikizo pliers anaika kusindikiza waya ndi msonkhano ali clamped mu chisindikizo.

Standard diameters kutsogolera zisindikizo - 8 mm, 10 mm, 16 mamilimita ndi kutalika - 5.5 mm, 6.5 mamilimita ndi 7.2 mm, motero. Pali kutsogolera zisindikizo wapadera kwa zodzikongoletsera awiri a 3.5 mm.

Kukuthandiza chisindikizo unapangidwa zofewa yaikulu chizindikiro kutsogolera C0 ndi C1, kuyambira kutsogolera sekondale - ndi mankhwala a processing wa mabatire kutsogolera-asidi ndipo angathe kukhala ndi asidi yotsalira.

Komanso, chotero patsogolo ali angapo zina makina, izo zimakhala zochepa viscous. Choncho, yodalirika ndiponso wochezeka kutsogolera-chisindikizo Mlengi amene oyang'anira amasokoneza osati, komanso zipangizo ku zimene iwo amapangidwa.

opanga Major, choyamba, musati ntchito kutsogolera batire zinyalala ndi, kachiwiri, cheza ndi mankhwala ikuchitika ndi patsogolo.

Kugwiritsa ntchito zidindo kutsogolera

Tsogolerani zisindikizo anaika pa chinthu chilichonse, kaya mobisa, madesiki, zipangizo, katundu. Pliers ndi umboni wapadera akhale munthu mmodzi, choncho sangathe kuikidwa m'malo chisindikizo.

Banks ntchito zisindikizo kutsogolera munasindikizidwa m'chipinda chotetezeka ndalama deta matumba ndi matumba a ndalama.

Zimagwirira ntchito pa zoyendera kwa katundu nyanja ndi njanji ndi galimoto muli, yosungiramo katundu mu malo ndi mfundo za kusindikiza tsiku la malo, kupewa kulowerera wosaloleka, kudziwika ndi kuba nkotheka kapena panafunika mfundo.

Ikani zisindikizo kutsogolera kwa kusindikiza ndi thiransifoma substations, metrology zida, kayesedwe njira zosiyana, mwachitsanzo, gasi ndi mamita magetsi.

Pliers ndi kusindikiza waya

zisindikizo kutsogolera anaika ndi chida chapadera. Izi mbano zitsulo (pliers) mu ma CD womwenso zachitsulo mbale mamilimita 10 awiri, amene tazokotedwa otukukira kunja kapena recessed makalata, manambala, zizindikiro yaing'ono. chiwerengero cha anthu otchulidwa pa mbale ndi zochepa. Pamene wothinikizidwa masaya nkhupakupa zisindikizo Leaden (pansi) aikidwa pakati pawo, olumala, ndipo amalandira fano wapadera.

Pakuti kusindikiza amagwiritsa ntchito yapadera awiri-pachimake zopotoka waya. pachimake chimodzi - malo molunjika - ndi maziko a wachiwiri zopotoka - sekondale. Embossed coils wokwera adzatsekeredwa kugwira chisindikizo popanda kulola kuti kuzembera.

Special waya kupanga luso bwino kukana yake weathering ndi nkhawa makina, ndipo ambiri Chofunika, kuti ndikatsegule zigawenga lapansi.

Childs, waya coils opangidwa mu thupi la kilogalamu imodzi.

Unsembe wa zisindikizo kutsogolera

Kukhazikitsa chisindikizo, m'pofunika kudula chidutswa cha waya kapena jute twayini anakhumba m'litali, kupatsira padiso la chinthu mukufuna kuteteza motsutsana kuwakhadzula, ndiye kutsegula chisindikizo, kukokera pafupi zotheka Onyamula Zazitali Ayi ndi Finyani pliers. Ndiye muyenera fufuzani kudalirika kwa zisindikizo anaika - sayenera akusunthira waya.

Kuphweka akuoneka unsembe ndi osakwanira kukonzekera chisindikizo okhazikitsa kungayambitse mavuto. Akatswiri kudziwa zofooka za Zisindikizo, kuti athe yesezera ndi wosaloleka zitsanzo mwayi kusiyanitsa zizindikiro zake ndi zizindikiro za pliers M'MALO.

Zisindikizo ndi plombiratory ayenera mosamalitsa n'komwe, anasamutsira zoletsedwa ndi malamulo kuti kuteteza mwayi wosaloleka kwa chipangizo wasindikizidwa.

Kusindikiza ayenera idzachitika motsatira malamulo, khalidwe la pa m'kaundula wa zisindikizo.

Kodi kuchotsa chisindikizo kutsogolera

Chotsani chisindikizo kutsogolera akhoza kukhala ndi kudula ndi lumo kapena akamwe zoziziritsa kukhosi oyang'anira cutters waya. Abwezeretse kugwirizana sadzapambana, inu muyenera kuika chisindikizo wina.

Ena "akatswiri" kutsindikiza kuchotsa chisindikizo, kenako refit, Kutentha izo. Lakamba zambiri pamene mkangano mipata, wabwerera ndi zisindikizo ndi waya. Choncho, wolakalakika malekezero a waya pambuyo threading mfundo mabowo, ndiyeno kachiwiri kuti imange iwo mu mipata mu malangizo n'zosiyana, kenako pali chisindikizo mwamphamvu clamping pliers.

Pamene kuchotsa ovomerezeka a zisindikizo amafunika kutsatira malamulo. Pamaso kuchotsa chisindikizo tifunika kufufuza, kutsimikizira kukhulupirika kwake, kupanga chilemba mu mabukhu m'munsili kapena magazini.

Mukaona kuti chisindikizo chawonongeka kapena ong'ambika, kuvomerezedwa ndi bokosi chisindikizo anapangidwa mu kukhalapo kwa Commission ndi yokonza kuchitako, zimene ziyenera kusonyeza chikhalidwe cha chisindikizo ndi waya.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zisindikizo kutsogolera

The mwayi waukulu ntchito zisindikizo kutsogolera ndi cheapness awo ndi omasuka unsembe. Komanso, angathe kupirira kutentha ndi otsika, alili awo.

Pamanja popanda zipangizo zomwe Komabe, si zovuta kupeza, kuchotsa, makamaka mosadziwa chisindikizo kutsogolera kuthetsa.

Munthu amaonekera pa pliers, ndilo zovuta kukonza, kukupangitsa kukhala kovuta kuti onyenga ndi wogwirizira zisindikizo. Ngati n'koyenera, ndithudi, mungagonjetse zopinga zilizonse Mwachitsanzo, chiphuphu, koma mwanjira bwanji ntchito komanso ndi udindo pliers, kapena kuyitanitsa kusindikiza magazini.

Kamodzi panali pulasitiki zisindikizo chitetezo, anayamba kunena kuti chosowa kwambiri za kulemera ndi chisindikizo patsogolo, ngakhale chidindo umalemera pafupifupi 4 magalamu pa kilogalamu ndi nkhani pafupifupi 250 zidutswa ndi awiri a 10 mm. N'zokayikitsa kuti kulambalala umodzi chofunika kuti asindikize angapo zitseko kapena matumba ndi ndalama, ndipo muli ngakhale nyanja, kulemera okwana zisindikizo ndi waya anakhala palpable.

Zipangizo yopanga zisindikizo kutsogolera

Small dzanja ankaweruza makina yopanga zisindikizo kutsogolera ku opanga osiyana kuyang'ana za chomwecho, ndi ndondomeko yekha. The mbiya payokha anasungunuka patsogolo, ndiye anazitsanulira mwa zisamere pachakudya kwa chipangizo makina ndi amangomvera awiri. Mmodzi wa iwo anadula pachipata (kutambasuka, wodzala ndi kutsogolera), pamene mu mawonekedwe a kutsogolera ndiumitsa, ndipo chachiwiri anakankhira kumadzazidwa wokonzeka. Magwiridwe makina dzanja ankaweruza kuyambira makilogalamu 35 70 zisindikizo kutsogolera kosangalatsa wina.

Pali yaing'ono magetsi unsembe mphamvu makilogalamu 20 a mankhwala pa ora ndi makina zoopsa zoyenera, ntchito zimene 25 makilogalamu / h.

Opanga zisindikizo kutsogolera

Mu Russia pali makampani akuluakulu mu mndandanda wa ntchito pamene pali yopanga zisindikizo patsogolo. Pafupifupi mudzi uliwonse yaikulu opanga yakeyake zisindikizo patsogolo. Childs, makampani izi zikugwira kupanga ndi kotunga machitidwe mwayi kulamulira ndi zipangizo chitetezo ndi kugwirizana ndi makasitomala lalikulu mabanki, mafakitale, makampani zoyendera masitolo.

Iwo ndi kupanga awo, wabwino makina paki ndi CNC ndi akatswiri oyenerera, chimene chimathandiza kutulutsa katundu mkulu khalidwe pa zotchipa. zida chosema amalola kuchita mafano alionse bwino pa mbale pliers pa pempho.

Masiku ano, pali zambiri zimene zimadzaza zipangizo atsopano kuposa pliers ndi zisindikizo otsogolera wosindikiza waya, koma thanani wakale, kutsimikiziridwa osanenapo zaka zambiri ndipo zaka, zisindikizo kutsogolera akadali oyambirira.